Teaching Evolution

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skywalker

climber
Topic Author's Original Post - Feb 13, 2012 - 03:53pm PT
I'm getting ready to teach the idea of evolution in my high school bio class. Never taught it (taught chemistry) although I was a bio major. Understanding the touchy nature of the matter, I personally feel that the idea of bowing in the slightest to religious ideology is... well B.S. any thoughts out there?

I think this probably has come up on this website but I'm currently scratching my head as to my approach. I teach in a very small school with few colleagues to discuss this with.

Anyway...Science Teachers???

S...
rottingjohnny

Sport climber
mammoth lakes ca
Feb 13, 2012 - 03:55pm PT
Just play Devo's first album over and over until the kids catch on...RJ
skywalker

climber
Topic Author's Reply - Feb 13, 2012 - 04:01pm PT
R.J that is funny...

You made me smile thats good!
Ghost

climber
A long way from where I started
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:09pm PT
I'm not an American, but I've lived in your country long enough to get a bit of a handle on its religious geography. If you're a climber, as your avatar says you are, then you probably live in a state with mountains in it, and are safe teaching real science.

On the other hand, if you're a climber who has been forced to move to Kansas, or points south and east of there, then you may have a problem. The solution to which is to move back to a state with mountains -- none of which have so far not been taken over by the creationists.

Hope that helped.
skywalker

climber
Topic Author's Reply - Feb 13, 2012 - 04:13pm PT
Jesus Christ really??? I see whats in store...

Yes I live very close to rock and steep creeks.

S...
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:15pm PT
my recommendation is to teach it as it is, as a science
and since you are teaching a science class, that is all you need to consider, the science.
JEleazarian

Trad climber
Fresno CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:21pm PT
my recommendation is to teach it as it is, as a science
and since you are teaching a science class, that is all you need to consider, the science.

+1 -- and I'm an evangelical Christian.

John
neversummer

Trad climber
30 mins. from suicide USA
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:21pm PT
^^^^bingo^^^^Ed nails it.
Howard71

Trad climber
Belen, New Mexico
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:24pm PT
Hello:

I'd suggest starting out by presenting "evolution" as a fact rather than an idea. One could conceivably argue about the role of natural selection in evolution, but evolution itself is simply the fact that things change. What we encounter today wasn't exactly what would have been encountered 1,000,000 years ago and nothing that we see today could have been encountered in its present form 1,000,000,000 years ago. Once your students agree that things change then you might discuss the mechanisms of change - some, like soil errosion, are facts that few would waste time trying to dispute.

Then take a jump and talk abour some biological change that few dispute - resistance to antibiotics by bacteria or resistance to insecticides by insects. Again, changes few would dispute. Next could come some speculation about the mechanisms of these biological changes and that could lead into the role of natural selection in the evolution of biological diversity. If you want to keep it simple just leave humans out of it. When someone brings up a religious component you could introduce the difference between faith-based beliefs and "science as a way of knowing" (Google that term of a lot of material).

I'll admit that teaching this stuff at university level might be easier that in high school. I avoid arguments and treat the religious beliefs of students as beyond discussion.

Good luck!

Howard
Spider Savage

Mountain climber
The shaggy fringe of Los Angeles
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:24pm PT
"The theory is..." "Based on...(source facts)"

"Some people believe ... based on."


The fact is you would only know if you were there. The theory of evolution seems to be really good to me however, there are odd blips and there is evidence for it. Not that it is absolutely true.

If you look at history, hundreds of years ago, thousands even, people thought they had it all figured out but we later found out they did not.

Therefore in 200 years we may look back on these times and see painfully that we did not have it figured out.

Hopefully you're training kids to look for themselves. I'm not saying choose between Old Testament and Darwin. I'm saying look beyond. The truth may still be out there.

skywalker

climber
Topic Author's Reply - Feb 13, 2012 - 04:25pm PT
Thanks John. That is helpful!

S...

Oh and thanks Ed
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:25pm PT
bowing in the slightest to religious ideology

No need. Stick to the science.
Jaybro

Social climber
Wolf City, Wyoming
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:29pm PT
Straight science, the rest is off topic. As a teacher with a degree in Paleontology I've been down this one...
maldaly

Trad climber
Boulder, CO
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:31pm PT
I'm with Ed but, for job security, you need to see if the school district has mandated a "fair and balanced" approach that you are required to teach. If you are required to teach biblical creationism, I'm sorry. I would be inclined to teach the science first, then teach a section on comparative religious theories. Do a section on Norse creationism, Greek creationism, Buddhist creationism, Muslim, etc, etc. When you get to Christian creationism, which is what we're really talking about here, I'd use the seven days as an allegory to the billions of years if they don't already have a curriculum.

1-On the first (billion years) day, god created the Big Bang
2-On the second (billion years), he created gravity which brought all the space dust together into stars and planets.
3-On the third day, he created water
4-On the fourth day, he invented long-chain proteins or mitochondria (or whatever).
5-Walking Fish through Dinosaurs
6-People
7-Then he created War

etc
etc
etc

It actually might be a fun lesson plan to work up.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:32pm PT
400 years after Galileo we know he had a lot of it worked out, nothing to change,
same with Newton...

not to say there were some things they did that were sketchy...

so it will be with Darwin 400 years hence
a lot he got right, and if you look at evolution now, it is certainly more nuanced...

Darwin took a lot of inspiration from Geology, where we know what happened even though we weren't there to watch it happen, nor would we have lived long enough to perceive it happening if we were there, yet we understand by our observations of the lithosphere much of the history of the Earth, at a pretty detailed level.

Are there still things to learn? yes, Darwin, and the geologists of his time didn't know about plate tectonics, but they did know that they could learn about the geology of the Earth, and eventually, someone figured out that important aspect of geology...

that's doing science, and they understood that even if they didn't understand everything we understand now.




Mal your a bit behind in your cosmology, Dark Matter and gravity caused the small amount of dust and stuff to condense into stars... God's got to put that in there sometime... maybe at tea-time on the first day?
FRUMY

Trad climber
SHERMAN OAKS,CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:40pm PT
Ed's hammer seems to always it the nail on the head.
JEleazarian

Trad climber
Fresno CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:40pm PT
Malady,

Your narrative reminds me of a Sheridan Anderson cartoon, whose captions were (as well as I can remember)

First, God created man.

Then, He created woman.

Consequently, man created alcohol.

John
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 13, 2012 - 04:51pm PT
Consider combining teaching methods - speech, reading, videos, go out in nature to observe and touch. Kids learn in different ways. Some take class room teaching well, others like to touch, others like pictures and so on. I guess there may even be evolution PC games made.
[Click to View YouTube Video]
Jon Freriks

Trad climber
AZ
Feb 13, 2012 - 05:00pm PT
Like was stated above, organisms change overtime, fossil evidence showing similarities to existing species, bacterial populations with a high frequency of antibiotic resistance ... I teach the mechanisms of change (including genetic drift, migration ... and of course the often over-riding cause of change, natural selection).

Does science contradict creation ideas? I think not. The two are completely separate, not mutually exclusive. I think a scientist who states creationism (or other "god" idea) does not exist is not a scientist. We cannot measure god so AS A SCIENTIST we have no opinion of god.

Is there a god? I think there is. But that is a completely a different discussion not in the realm of science.

Jon

Norwegian

Trad climber
Placerville, California
Feb 13, 2012 - 05:02pm PT
everything works in cycles,
here.
without an introduction of new energy,
entropy reigns, and the excrement of
entropy is gathered up by and re-organized
into new life.

cannot matter be created nor destroyed?

water adheres to its cycle.
the water that is here today has
always been here and is the piss and spit
of our ancestors and of the dinosaurs,

a maountain is encouraged toward a sand grain
via errosion.
that sand grain eventually is swallowed up again
by mother earth and
Her pressures and heat and plate movement
motivate that sand grain to become again, a maountain.

people die.
we are buried or cremated.
by either path we again find our way into the soil.
the soil then fuels further life,
say a tomato plant.
that tomato is consumed by a fertilized
(human or otherwise) female, and
thus we
again,
become (part) of a fetus and
hence grow into new life.

yea. cycles.
there is no after life
because after and before refer to a reference point
and that reference point is orbiting around the continuum
of life.
so yesterday's before is tomorrow's after,
and the now is fleeting cause there is
too much expectation of it and
it just wants to be left alone.

evolution is everywhere around us,
but our supreme intelligence (and thus fear) denies
evolution it's rightful place within our understanding.
donini

Trad climber
Ouray, Colorado
Feb 13, 2012 - 05:14pm PT
You can only "teach" evolution, creationism requires preaching.
Gene

climber
Feb 13, 2012 - 05:26pm PT
For many Christian churches evolution and faith are not in conflict.
Norwegian

Trad climber
Placerville, California
Feb 13, 2012 - 05:28pm PT
not the churches that i've tangled with, gene.

the time allotment for the truth vs. imagination
is in direct conflict.

the bible states an age of the earth
around 4000 years.

evolution laughs at 4000 years young.
briham89

Trad climber
los gatos. ca
Feb 13, 2012 - 05:39pm PT
It's a science class, stick to science as Ed said earlier. Make sure they understand the definition of "theory" as being extremely researched and one step below a scientific law. I HATE when people say "oh evolution is just a theory"...thinking theory means something similar to a hypothesis.
Branch

Trad climber
Alberta
Feb 13, 2012 - 05:43pm PT
Every time I go climbing I'm counting on someone to disprove that damn theory of gravity. So far no good.
Gene

climber
Feb 13, 2012 - 05:59pm PT
Weeg,

the bible states an age of the earth around 4000 years.

John Lightfoot, a 17th Century Brit, pegged creation at just less than 4K years before the birth of Christ. The Bible does not offer an opinion on the time frame.

Many Christian denominations accept evolution subject to (1) God created the material universe, and (2) God gave man an eternal soul and all that that involves. {Not the same as the 'intelligent design' stuff.} YMMV

Back to the OP.

Teach evolution for what it is – a theory based on science.

g
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 13, 2012 - 06:04pm PT
The Bible does not offer an opinion on the time frame.

This is incorrect. C'mon, Gene. Gotta get real, man.

The Christian Bible provides a complete genealogy from Adam to Jesus. In the NT, too.

Do the numbers. Or better the generations. It's time to get real and stop fueling the traditional bs merry-go-round. Time to break free and recognize it for what it is. Myth that a majority in our culture still base their "practice" of living on. So be it, believer's choice, it's a free world - but that it interferes with our sociopolitics so much, drats.

re: John Ussher

http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/opinion/the-man-who-dated-creation-at-oct-23-4004-bc/article1848674/
Reilly

Mountain climber
The Other Monrovia- CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 06:09pm PT
The Bible Belt - where evolution ain't happening...

cowpoke

climber
Feb 13, 2012 - 06:11pm PT
Check out the national academy of sciences pub (free) on teaching evolution: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=5787&page=1
Gene

climber
Feb 13, 2012 - 06:14pm PT
HFCS,

Show me the road map please. I'm not being combative or messing with you. I just have never seen a generation to generation ancestry with no gaps.

g
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 13, 2012 - 06:16pm PT
Luke, Chapter 2 I think. (This is ten-year memory though, but it's in there, somewhere.) Also it's in the OT.

.....

No, it's Luke 3: 21-37. MY NIV calls it the "Genealogy of Jesus." Can't get any more plain than that. ;)

But of course let's take into account in our thinking the spinmeisters of the world. A biblical "day" is a billion years? lol


Thx for the inspiration to look it up again.

.....

re: myth, spinmeisters,

Reminds me of a Star Trek Voyager episode I watched recently that addressed this sort of thing and drew parallels with the Christian mythology and its development. It was "Prophecy" - check it out - I thought it was esp imaginative, insightful and thought provoking - only wish I had seen more shows like this 40 years ago when I was a kid.

I mean, if this is your sort of thing, basing your life or your practice of living on an ancient mythology (one of a very many) characterized by larger than life supernatural elements, go with it. But it certainly isn't mine, esp when I was younger and deeply impassioned for nature investigation (how the world works and how life works) and science as a tool for its exploration.
P.Rob

Social climber
Pacomia, Ca - Y Que?
Feb 13, 2012 - 06:29pm PT
http://theroadtoemmaus.org/RdLb/21PbAr/Apl/FlewTheist.htm

http://www.biola.edu/antonyflew/

Antony Flew was considered a leading Apologetic voice in defense of Atheism, and by extension evolution, for over 50 years. A few years before he died in 2010, he experienced a “conversion” (of sorts) and came to accept the idea and premise of design with implied intelligence. The above will lead you to some “food for thought”. Of interest to me is that Professor Flew consistently operated with intellectual honestly and never attempted to intimidate and shout over differing views and opinions. Professor Flew understood true discussion is based upon reciprocity and respect.
Gene

climber
Feb 13, 2012 - 06:45pm PT
The Bible does not offer an opinion on the time frame.
This is incorrect. C'mon, Gene. Gotta get real, man.

The Christian Bible provides a complete genealogy from Adam to Jesus. In the NT, too.
There are two genealogies of Jesus in the New Testament.

Matthew goes bottom up in his posts:
Matthew 1:1-17
1 This is the genealogy[a] of Jesus the Messiah the son of David, the son of Abraham:
Snip
15 Elihud the father of Eleazar,
Eleazar the father of Matthan,
Matthan the father of Jacob,
16 and Jacob the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, and Mary was the mother of Jesus who is called the Messiah.

Luke goes top down.
Luke 3:23-38
Now Jesus himself was about thirty years old when he began his ministry. He was the son, so it was thought, of Joseph,
the son of Heli, 24 the son of Matthat,
the son of Levi, the son of Melki,


Two accounts in which the number of common ancestors is exceeded by the number of other dudes.

I wouldn’t set my Earth Calendar by that stuff. 'Son' might be better translated by 'of the clan of..'

Points are, (1) Christian faith and evolution are not incompatible up to the points I mentioned in a previous post and (2) the Bible does not state the date of creation.

Furthermore 4K years of geneology is proud for any culture's oral history. Take it for what it is. No more, no less.

Submitted as an observer for your review, not as an advocate for any point of view.

Teach evolution as science.
g
skywalker

climber
Topic Author's Reply - Feb 13, 2012 - 07:23pm PT
Great stuff everyone! Uhm... I will just stick to the science and try not to run over anyone. Why is this so touchy???

Thanks!

S...

donini

Trad climber
Ouray, Colorado
Feb 13, 2012 - 07:24pm PT
The Christain faith and evolution may not be incompatible, but as a young Catholic my introduction to rational and scientific explanations of the natural world slowly and irreversibly made Christianity (or any other religion) incompatible with me.
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Feb 13, 2012 - 07:34pm PT
Nah!
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 07:50pm PT
Why is this so touchy???

evolution provides an explanation of the origin of humans by physical means only

this is obviously touchy to religions
Gene

climber
Feb 13, 2012 - 07:53pm PT
Just teach the Evolution Traverse and ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny.

Run like hell and you'll be fine.

g
Willoughby

Social climber
Truckee, CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 09:29pm PT
+1 for what Ed said. No need to bend, couch things in wishy-washy phrasing, or apologize. It's a science class.

"Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution."

Theodosius Dobzhansky

Cracko

Trad climber
Quartz Hill, California
Feb 13, 2012 - 09:41pm PT
Skywalker,

I don't really want to get drawn into the debate, and neither do you. From a purely practical perspective, best check your district's board policy and approved curriculum before developing your lesson plans.


Principal Cracko
Nick

climber
portland, Oregon
Feb 13, 2012 - 09:45pm PT
An excellent resource and good read is Neil Shubin's book "Your Inner Fish" Here is a link to some educational resources to use the book in your classroom http://tiktaalik.uchicago.edu/book-tools.html
I just remind students that science is evidence based and faith does not need to be.
Tricouni

Mountain climber
Vancouver
Feb 13, 2012 - 10:21pm PT
To directly answer the question posed by the o.p., I'd suggest going to the National Center for Science Education http://ncse.com/ and see what they have. Eugenie Scott at NCSE has more experience with this subject than anyone.
WBraun

climber
Feb 13, 2012 - 10:56pm PT
Are you gonna tell them you were a ape at one time?
StahlBro

Trad climber
San Diego, CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 11:04pm PT
Apes are cousins twice removed.

The mechanics of evolution are a fact. Why some species survive and some don't is still up for debate. Mass extinctions can change the whole game.

Fascinating stuff for the kids to ponder....
Roughster

Sport climber
Vacaville, CA
Feb 13, 2012 - 11:14pm PT
Predator eats prey and reproduces. His offspring also can catch/eat prey well and they have many chances to reproduce. The prey has something "negative" in their gene pool and as they die the gene pool is reduced related to that gene thus decreasing the chances of it being passed on. Opposite is true if prey gets away, predator dies because his gene pool doesn't have the right genes to survive. Sure this is oversimplified but it natural selection and evolution really are pretty simple.

Both predators and prey are evolving over time causing gradual but continual change in the genes that are successful versus those that are "weak" and cause death.

Evolution is simple observation and common sense. If you die, you can't reproduce.

I used the predator / prey model, but the same logic applies to environmental factors, and other pressures on populations.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 13, 2012 - 11:50pm PT
This from a critic of Arno Ilgner's book, The Rock Warrior's Way:

"if you are challenging yourself at the edge of your abilities, you will still have to make your move and shove off into the unknown. That's the beauty of climbing."

With something of that in mind,

I have found that evolutionary theory together with all its implications challenges me when it comes to (a) a better understanding of how the world works, and (b) to my "practice" of living taking account of it; in contrast, Abrahamic religion in whatever its form does not.

"To make your move and to shove off into the unknown." That's the beauty of living, too, for some of us, as well as climbing.

You could give your students a sense of this, also.
WBraun

climber
Feb 13, 2012 - 11:58pm PT
"The evolution of the eye ultimately hinges on one particular property of certain types of protoplasm—photosensitivity.

. . . Once one admits that the possession of such photosensitivity
may have selective value, all else follows by necessity."22 Mayr does
not, and indeed cannot, specify the particular steps leading from a photo-,
sensitive speck to a fully developed eye.

His account of the evolution of the eye is typical of theoretical evolutionary explanations,
for it relies on an abiding faith in the power of natural selection and mutation to effect transformations
in organic form that evolutionists themselves cannot even" imagine, much less observe.

Mmmmmm science is based on faith?
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:03am PT
I don't think that was written by a scientist, Werner...
you might have given us the source... http://www.nccg.org/iat/evolution.html

you should be more careful with cut&paste arguements
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:05am PT
I teach biological anthropology to 18 -25 year olds, many of whom come from the Bible Belt. My method is to speak about the white elephant in the room the first night of class, usually the first few minutes. I start by telling them that all you need is a little bit open mind to have room for both science and religion. In fact they specialize in entirely different areas of human life. Both are good at what they do; they just don't mix well, at least in our culture.

I mention that one of the sticking points has to do with the issue of time. People think they know what 7 days and 7 nights means and until recently they did. Now, being children of the space age we know that different planets rotate at different rates, and whole galaxies rotate. The size of the universe and the number of stars we can count increases all the time, so isn't a little presumptious to think that whatever force created this vast universe had to do it in 24 hour earth spins? And don't forget that every religious tradition in the world says that man's greatest fault is his pride.

Science tells us how things work, religion and philosophy discuss why. Religions doesn't belong in a science course and realistically, when you're dying, Charles Darwin isn't who you're going to be thinking about. This always gets a laugh since many of my students are combat veterans and once everyone's relaxed and realizes I'm not trying to contradict religion or force anything on them, they get down to learning the topic at hand.

And I would agree with Gene, a few illustrations of ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny is often more convincing than the fossils themselves. I have a big anatomy book with large scale photos of human embryos with gill slits and tails and flippers at various stages of development that they love to look at. I also have a chart showing many different animal embryos side by side to show the similarity of development. Young people are ecology minded and they also really like the idea of all animal life sharing the same amino acids. And of course they are fascinated by the same amino acids found on meteors, the big bang theory etc.

This approach has really worked for me. In 35 years of teaching evolution to students from religious backgrounds, I've never had a problem or a complaint.
WBraun

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:11am PT
Ed

Mental speculation again.

And didn't come from your link.

Search harder

Ph.D. in mathematics from Cornell University wrote that quote in my prvious post above .....
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:24am PT
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mayr

Mayr was an evolutionary biologist, not a mathematician (he wouldn't have been amused that you called him one)
WBraun

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:27am PT
You have the wrong guy again Ed.

Search harder ....

Ghost

climber
A long way from where I started
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:29am PT
The size of the universe and the number of stars we can count increases all the time, so isn't a little presumptious to think that whatever force created this vast universe had to do it in 24 hour earth spins? And don't forget that every religious tradition in the world says that man's greatest fault is his pride.

It's an interesting thought Jan, but there's a problem with it. It may well be true that a god created the earth in 7 periods that were not the days we think of. Maybe they were million-year days. Or billion-year days. I wasn't there, then, and can't say. But what I do feel pretty sure about is that the people that wrote the "God created the earth in seven days" story 3,000 years ago didn't have any conception of galaxies rotating. The only "day" they knew was the sunup to sundown kind. If they wrote "seven days" how could they have meant anything but seven sunrise-to-sunset periods?

Klimmer

Mountain climber
San Diego
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:32am PT
It's a science course. In science we deal with empirical data and physical evidence only. That is all science can work with, The Scientific Method dictates this. So, teach the science. Teach evolution.






BBBbuuuuuuuuutttt . . .

Know that Science is about "Cosmic Order" and answers What? and How? questions. Whereas, Religion, Philosophy, Logic are about "Cosmic Purpose" and answer Who? and Why? questions. Both answer different questions, and both are compatible human endeavors seeking for truth, and are valuable for their own different approaches. (Hats off to Mr. Paul Hewitt)




"You consider me the young apprentice
Caught between the scylla and charybidis
Hypnotized by you if I should linger
Staring at the ring around your finger

I have only come here seeking knowledge
Things they wouldn't teach me of in college
I can see the destiny you sold
Turned into a shining band of gold"

--The Police, Sting, "Wrapped Around Your Finger"




However, you know we don't know it all, and sometimes we pretend too, so for your own education and edification, on your own time (you can't teach this in class and no one is asking you too), because you have a curious mind and you want to know the full truth of the matter, "The Forbidden Secret Knowledge," then check it out for yourself.

Hey, most of the founding fathers of modern science were men of science and also men of faith. This is known beyond a shadow of a doubt. Many would like to poo-poo this today, but they can't. In many ways they seem to be more enlightened than modern man today. To them both were very important endeavours, Science and Faith.


Watch the DVD: "NOVA - Newton's Dark Secret"
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdmhPfGo3fE


The Big Bang, Evolution, modern science are indeed compatible with The Bible. Read PhD Gerald Schroeder's book:

"The Science of GOD"
http://www.amazon.com/Science-God-Convergence-Scientific-Biblical/dp/1439129584/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1329197760&sr=1-1


See also, "Theistic Evolution":
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theistic_evolution
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:32am PT
Ghost-

The point is, which the students get, is that we all work with the understanding we have at a given time.
Evolution is change over time and even religious understanding changes over time.
I don't state the religious part specifically; I let them draw their own conclusions
about that.
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:50am PT
If anyone has the temerity to ask why god isn't mentioned, you can refer to the great natural French philosopher Pierre-Simon Laplace, who wrote many great scientific works. He went to present one of them to the Emperor Napoleon. Someone had told Napoleon that the book contained no mention of god. Napoleon, who was fond of putting embarrassing questions, received it with the remark, 'M. Laplace, they tell me you have written this large book on the system of the universe, and have never even mentioned its Creator.' Laplace drew himself up and answered bluntly, Je n'avais pas besoin de cette hypothèse-là. ("I had no need of that hypothesis.")

And a discussion of the differences between theory, hypothesis and belief might help, too.
WBraun

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:55am PT
So you don't know ultimately.

It's all theory, hypothesis, belief and faith .....
bookworm

Social climber
Falls Church, VA
Feb 14, 2012 - 10:23am PT
seriously?

you've been hired to teach bio; granted, it's not your expertise, but anyone with a college degree (in any subject) should expect the course to include a unit on evolution; if not, then, surely, the curriculum (school, district, or state) indicates the unit...and you're only preparing now?

ok. ok. i'll assume you're a recent/midyear hire and didn't have time to prepare...

you were a bio major and never thought about it? didn't follow the issue? applied to be and were hired to be a science teacher (and, yes, even in a chemistry class) never considered the issue or discussed it with colleagues/mentors? don't have enough of an understanding of a central tenet of your field to provide your students with a solid foundation while simultaneously avoiding serious controversy?

there are no other bio teachers, with more experience, in your school district? you didn't think to ask your department chair or principal?

no, you ask for advice on a climber's forum? and praise said advice without any apparent effort to discern your advisors' teaching credentials or personal biases?

there are dozens of sites on the web that deal with the issue--from multiple perspectives--and offer professional advice, even lesson/unit plans (hint: google 'teaching evolution')


seriously? i see our doom in my clueless 9th graders only to be reminded of the clueless who are teaching them
cowpoke

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 12:03pm PT
Don't be too discouraged, bookwork.

For good reason, questions about teacher quality are at the top of the national education agenda/debate among policy decision-makers, academics, and the general public.

With all of the discouraging news in mind, however, it is important to take note of the many good things that have been happening in science education (and educating science educators).

The NSF, for example, has for some time now been investing in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics teaching at the elementary and secondary levels with outstanding (proven and promising) results including, for example, laboratory-based approaches to teaching the teachers:

http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=115775
UpoundBUTTS

Gym climber
OK
Feb 14, 2012 - 01:27pm PT
wbraun
No, we have different words for things because they have different meanings. You can misuse the word faith to suit your purposes, but that doesn't mean that a scientific theory is based on faith. Do you have faith that if you drop a rock off a cliff that it will fall? No, you have observed thousands of instances of this happening, without one instance if it not happening, yet gravity is still just a theory (and others can confirm your claim that if you drop something it falls). We look at the fossil record and see a nested hierarchy; we can compare morphology and trace ancestry; we compare the DNA of different organisms and trace their ancestry; and most importantly of all, when we compare the picture that is painted by each of these, we see wonderful branching "trees" that independently confirm each other. There is not a more parsimonious, or even coherent, alternative theory that can explain what we see. You can still say that it still relies on faith, but try applying that standard to other things in your life and see how confident you can be in anything. I see many belay-loop-backups in your future.
zBrown

Ice climber
Chula Vista, CA
Feb 14, 2012 - 01:30pm PT
Sadaputa Dasa ?
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 14, 2012 - 01:41pm PT
Some people are trolling. WBraun is a troll.

If something was supported by a lot of evidence and had a probability of being true of 99999 in 100000 I would call it a fact. WBraun would call it a belief if it fitted his purpose.

If something unsupported by evidence had a probability of being true of 1 in 100000 and someone claimed it to be a fact, I would say: No it's not a fact, it's only something you believe in unsupported by evidence. WBraun would call it a fact if it fitted his purpose.

WBraun is the Buddha-spinning equivalent of a top dog spinning Republican.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 14, 2012 - 01:47pm PT
Marlow,

You hit the nail on the head with that post. Thanks.

Dave
Reilly

Mountain climber
The Other Monrovia- CA
Feb 14, 2012 - 01:53pm PT
Marlow, jo visst! HaHaHa!
TradEddie

Trad climber
Philadelphia, PA
Feb 14, 2012 - 02:05pm PT
If you are asked to teach any form of creationism, politely point out that you have no training in theology or mythology.

Creationism as a theory has one interesting paradox; it is the only one that can ever be proven correct...

TE
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 14, 2012 - 02:13pm PT
Do you have faith that if you drop a rock off a cliff that it will fall?

WBraun would call it a belief if it fitted his purpose.

Good posts, esp pointing out Wernie's weakness, obscurantism, analogies to GOP rhetoric, etc., but...

For sake of advancing the conversation...

Sounds like you tie in with a number of other people who think of "belief" as something more or less than a mental holding one supports.

Or, along similar lines, the Abrahamic religions it seems have soiled the word "faith" as well in the minds of many atheists, agnostics, naturalists, scientists, etc. when outside of religion the word is simply a synonym for trust.

Why be so inclined to disparage these words or not use them or let religions have them? These English words are too important, too useful outside religious context, to let them sink or die with archaic religious systems.

Examples: (1) I have scientific beliefs. I believe in (i.e., support) the heliocentric model of the solar system. It is evidence-based belief. It is a reasonable belief. (2) I have trust (in other words, faith) in science as an investigational tool for figuring out how things work. It's a reasonable trust or faith, as well, not an unreasonable one, that's earned its place in my thinking and decision-making. I have faith (an evidence-based faith, an experienced-based faith) that if I drop a rock off a cliff it will fall. What's important is that it is not a blind faith, which is what Abrahamic religion, most notably Christianity, praises, promotes, and values. Big difference.

Really, it's not that hard to distinguish between general faith and religious faith or between general belief and religious belief.

I would encourage modern progressive thinkers not to confine these words to a religious context. -But instead to rescue them from the Abrahamic supernaturalists. Food for thought.

.....

I believe in my rockclimbing gear. I trust it. I have faith in it. This belief (holding) and this faith (trust) are not religious or supernaturalistic or nonrational (or irrational) in any way. Since it's the 21st century, time we climbers young and old esp the old moved beyond the standard religious-theistic usages, contexts, rhetoric and definitions, they're too confining.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 14, 2012 - 02:28pm PT
Rather than drawing the distinction between beliefs supported by evidence and beliefs not supported by evidence, I would like to draw the distinction between beliefs and facts. Instead of saying that something is a belief supported by strong evidence I would like to say a fact.

If not we leave room for the WBraun way of thinking: beliefs supported by strong evidence and beliefs not supported by evidence is seen as the same thing. It's still just beliefs isn't it. It's all beliefs, all the same.

To me such a way of thinking doesn't make more sense than someone saying "The Bible" and "The origin of the species", it's just words isn't it, it's all the same.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 14, 2012 - 02:29pm PT
Instead of saying that something is a belief supported by strong evidence I would like to say a fact.

Why not both?

Why not simply distinguish between different forms: (a) different forms of belief and (b) different forms of faith. As well.

"Belief" and "faith" are English words too good to leave to what they mean to those in fundamentalist religious context which by all accounts is dying out anyway.

I see it as strategy. I see it as strategic. Part of a big picture. Part of something of a playbook, too. Time will tell. Probably the difficulties (e.g., Wernie's relentless obscurantism) will be worked through by use of many and various strategies.

.....

If not we leave room for the WBraun way of thinking: beliefs supported by strong evidence and beliefs not supported by evidence is seen as the same thing. It's still just beliefs isn't it. It's all beliefs, all the same.

Yes, but one could say the same about a lot of things. It's the nature of words and language.

The eye sees what the mind knows. Through education and training (or experience) finer forms and distinctions (begin to) separate in the mind.

.....

Anyway, it's nice to discuss if not debate ideas or subjects amongst modern progressives for a change (as opposed to the standard fare between progressives and religionists). For lack of better terms or labels. Thanks.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 14, 2012 - 02:47pm PT
HFCS

I'm pragmatic about ordinary language, but when I hear someone say that both evolution and ID are beliefs and when they also refuse to give evolution any stronger status as fact than ID, I always draw a distiction between what we know/facts supported by strong evidence (evolution) and what someone just prefer to believe in unsupported by strong evidence (ID).
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 14, 2012 - 02:53pm PT
Marlow, I hear you.

Or, in the words of Neytiri and Sully, I see you. ;)

lol
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 14, 2012 - 03:21pm PT
I stopped responding to Werner because this is a tiresome subject that had been hashed over in the distance past on this Forum...


but science is science...

what is important in this conversation is not to overstate what "fact" is, remembering that science is about testing the predictions of theories against data with the aim of uncovering inconsistencies in the theory, and then considering the implications of those inconsistencies to that theory

Evolution is a theory whose goal is to explain the diversity of "species" in space and time observed on the planet. I put species in quotes above because the concept of species has changed as we learned more biology, and it might be somewhat different from what Darwin knew.

Darwin's theory of evolution lays out an explanation which was consistent with observations made at the time (and since) of the spatial distribution of species and their relationships, as well as the time distribution, through the fossil record. Darwin's theory is consistent by construction, so it has been criticized as being untestable, but at the time it was made Darwin was very forthcoming in pointing out the two major conditions for it to happen:

1) there had to be enough time, that is, conditions on the Earth had to have existed long enough for evolution to occur
and
2) there had to be a mechanism through which attributes had to be inherited in reproduction

The first of these "predictions" seemed to be inconsistent with estimates by physicists that put the age of the Earth to be much younger than Darwin's estimate of the time required for evolution. Darwin what fully aware that this would be a fatal blow to the theory. Later on, the age of the Earth could be measured and found to provide enough time for evolution. Further understanding of the geological changes in continents also explained some of the similarities of current day isolated populations which were not isolated in the past.

The second of those predictions had a glimmer in the contemporary studies of heredity, but the connection to some biological process was not conclusively made until the discovery of genetic material, and the subsequent understanding of how this genetic material is expressed as actual physical attributes. This biological process provides the mechanism necessary for the theory to work.

Now we know that the theory of evolution is consistent with the observations, and that the two fundamental conditions for the theory are also consistent with subsequent studies, that is, the theory predicted both the age of the Earth and the existence of DNA put in the grandest of terms. As such, evolution can be used to understand biology, the nature of species and their relationships, and to predict other relationships, many of them of great practical use in medicine.

It is a triumph.

But in no scientific sense is evolution "proved," even though it provides the absolute best way to understand living things on Earth. Scientific theories are not proved, they are disproved.

Creationism, etc, are also consistent with the observations, by construction. However, creationism provides no scheme to make predictions that can be tested in a meaningful way. It offers no guidance to medicine, nor to biologists trying to understand living things. It's basic tenets are not testable and offer no clues for deeper understanding of biology.

It cannot be disproved as it makes no testable prediction.

So following the logic provided by evolution, it is relatively straightforward to state that humans are the result of evolution, that they have evolved from ancestral animals who were different from humans, etc, without evoking any supernatural (or external) cause.

It is not a controversial statement within evolution, and it is fully consistent with what we know about evolution.

Werner is concerned about truth, I wish him well in his quest. I am interested in understanding, and I'm not going to get drawn into arguing with him. But I'm also not going to ask Werner to explain biology to me, his explanation wouldn't be very practical or illuminating.
Double D

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 03:23pm PT
It takes way more faith to believe in evolution than Jesus.
donini

Trad climber
Ouray, Colorado
Feb 14, 2012 - 03:31pm PT
Yo Double D, faith is " belief not based on proof." Which fits that bill better, evolution of jesus?
eeyonkee

Trad climber
Golden, CO
Feb 14, 2012 - 03:47pm PT
I wouldn't even bother with presenting anything related to the "controversy" as to whether it is true or not. Reasonable scientists and educated people assume it is true. Any controversy should be valid, interesting controversy like selection at the gene level vs organism level vs group level, or constant vs "punctuated" rate of evolution. I think it is the kind of subject that could set a fire under some otherwise underachieving student.
Ashcroft

Trad climber
SLC, UT
Feb 14, 2012 - 03:55pm PT
I echo Ed's suggestion that you teach evolution "as science," but the hitch is that many people don't understand how science works. Before delving into evolution, it would probably be worth your while to recap the rules of the science game.

The way science works is that the simplest theory that explains the most is the winner until a better theory comes along to explain even more observables more elegantly. A theory that "apples are attracted to the Earth" is superseded by a much more general theory that all objects feel a gravitational attraction proportional to the product of their masses. In fact, that latter theory is so good that it successfully predicts the shape of the orbits of planets around the Sun. If one theory predicts things that are consistent with what we observe, while another theory does not, the first one is the winner.

Among scientific theories about the origin of life on Earth, evolution is the reigning champ. It's a very simple concept that explains a tremendous amount of what we observe. While there are certainly many unanswered questions, it's hard to imagine that the best scientific theory of 500 years from now won't include some component of natural selection.

This doesn't "prove" that life arose spontaneously through natural selection, it just says that that's the best scientific theory so far. Someone can choose to believe something completely different (e.g., the universe snapped into existence a millisecond ago, complete with our illusions of memories), but they shouldn't ascribe that belief to science. That would be a religious belief. There is nothing wrong with religious beliefs, and they may even turn out to be right, but they are not science.
crusher

climber
Santa Monica, CA
Feb 14, 2012 - 05:45pm PT
When I was a kid we used to raise tadpoles into frogs (well, watch them evolve into frogs) in a bucket of water in the backyard. Seeing them go through the process, as well as watching caterpillars turn into cocoons and then moths or butterflies were early and easy ways for us kids to start learning about evolution.

Maybe you can get some tadpoles or conduct some other similar experiments in the classroom. Of course you could have kids who are going to write these things off as "acts of God".

Then there are always the Darwin Awards - depending on the age of your students read them some examples of human survival (or not) of the fittest!
hobo_dan

Social climber
Minnesota
Feb 14, 2012 - 08:14pm PT
Teach the science buddy- that's what you're paid to do.
Bowing to the anti-evolution crowd would be candy assed and it would not be fair to your students. If some complain tell them they can get a first rate science education in Tehran or Alabama

The Evolution stuff can be great and its hard to argue with the logic.
Spider Savage

Mountain climber
The shaggy fringe of Los Angeles
Feb 14, 2012 - 08:19pm PT
What about the theory that God made aliens and then they put all the stuff here?


That would explain a lot. Plus it either gets people real excited or freaks them out.



Huh?



Teach that and see what happens.
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Feb 14, 2012 - 08:22pm PT
Creationism as a theory has one interesting paradox; it is the only one that can ever be proven correct...

"Creationism" isn't a theory. It's at most a hypothesis, or mental speculation.

There's no way to prove that it's correct. It's accurate but meaningless to say that creationism can't be disproven, as by definition it's not falsifiable. Every scientific theory is falsifiable, by objective experiments and tests.
WBraun

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 08:24pm PT
There's no anti-evolution, as evolution is a bonafide fact.

Some of you people drink too much kool aid and make up sh!t and try to put into peoples mouths due to letting your fertile minds run amok.

The only thing I said is science has faith in their theories and hypothesis, speculations etc.

You can't even discount faith in science.

Modern science is boxed in a rigid dichotomy that has moved into the destructive realm of gross materialism.

That is my big beef .....
Spider Savage

Mountain climber
The shaggy fringe of Los Angeles
Feb 14, 2012 - 09:20pm PT
Seriously now, there seems to be some evidence for a theory of devolution.

Geologic evidence for times when species flourished then things got worse.


For example: What happens when a civilization gets really advanced?

The more intelligent of the species goes camping. What if they did that more and more, eventually cutting all ties to electronic technology and living totally organically in harmony with nature.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 14, 2012 - 09:34pm PT
There's no anti-evolution...

What a joke. Right up there along with, "Beliefs don't matter." Rick Santorum, anti-evolutionist, now tied for the lead in American politics, Repub party, after appeal to his "base."

Lincoln would be proud, eh?

.....

Verily, it's hard to stay plugged into American politics early 21st century with so much bs at every twist and turn. I certainly can understand those who choose to go off grid and free solo.

Certainly I know for whom the Duggar family will be voting this Nov.
WBraun

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 09:41pm PT
Fruit

They can say whatever they want.

But evolution is a bonafide fact which is impossible to deny.

Why are your panties always in a twist over everything.

Do you even sleep at night .....
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 14, 2012 - 09:44pm PT
No. I've got only two system states: On and Very On.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 14, 2012 - 09:45pm PT
I think that one can never get over their heads in this unless you try and overstate your case. The fundamentalist in all of us want one process or "thing" to perfectly explain everything. In this sense, some zealots have simply swapped out "God" with evolution, and the mechanics of natural selection.

I'd heed Ed's advice and just stick to what's clearly observable and quantifiable. Anyone who argues against a changing world has a lot of fancy explaining to do per the fossil record.

JL
eeyonkee

Trad climber
Golden, CO
Feb 14, 2012 - 09:57pm PT
Spider, evolution has no goal in mind, so de-evolution does not really mean anything. It's all just evolution. One species cannot really be said to be "better" than another. Value judgments can only be made with respect to how well the species is adapted to its environmental niche. On the other hand, environmental pressures can "speed up" evolution, as is postulated for humans during the Pleistocene, which was a time of extreme climate fluctuations.
eeyonkee

Trad climber
Golden, CO
Feb 14, 2012 - 10:05pm PT
Yeah, I'd have to stongly disagree with that comment by Largo.

You might as well just say you can't really know anything. When you're flying at 30,000 feet in an airplane, you want to know that engineers, not philosophers designed the airplane.
Psilocyborg

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 10:06pm PT
I agree with the argument that facts and faith are different....but they are very similar. The way some materialists cling to theories is very much like faith and the way some religious nuts cling to thier dogma is more like fact.

So fact and faith are close, and seem to be interchangable in some instances. What i dont like about the way science is approached, is it can fundamentally ignore anything supernatural.....which may or may not be a good thing.

I think in this specific example evolution is a best guess, but it does not conflict in any meaningful way with spirituality. The way creationists cling to thier theories is pretty much blowin smoke up everyones ass.
GuapoVino

Trad climber
All Up In Here
Feb 14, 2012 - 10:15pm PT
Tell them that evolution is the change in the frequency of a particular gene within a gene pool within a population. How can you argue with that. If they are in high school they won't know what the hell you're talking about.

Tell them that they are free to believe whatever they want but they must learn the material to pass the course because there will be a test at the end.
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 14, 2012 - 10:19pm PT
Donald stated, factually:
Of all the major advances in the history of science none have been more broadly controversial than Darwin's theory of the evolution of species

Well, yes Donald, but the controversy you allude to was brought on really only by one group of people, those with a fundamentalist religious mindset that would be blown to its core if its followers were to actually accept the proven science behind the study of human evolution, as opposed to god given creationism.

As far as pure science and the very factual and rigorous Scientific Method is concerned,
there is no, repeat no, "controversy".

Now Donald, which way do YOU fall in this?
Are humans evolved over a very long period of time from "lower" primates on this earth?

Or are we, in your view. created not that long ago, by the Guy in the Sky?
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 14, 2012 - 10:25pm PT
Can you answer my question, Mr. Thompson?
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 14, 2012 - 10:39pm PT
I rise to Largo's defense here (not that he needs it) and say that it is very easy to get trapped in the rhetoric and miss sight of the actual thing. Evolution as a science had changed since Darwin, our set of observations are greatly enlarged, our understanding of geology has vastly changed, and we actually know what genetic material is, we can "read" genes, and we are even very close to being able to understand what we are reading.

Extending evolution to populations, and using it to understand many other things about living beings, including humans, is natural. Some of this extension is not valid, but much of it is....

when arguing the case, I try to use very careful language... which states what we understand and doesn't overstate what we know, I think that alone is a very formidable body of work which leads me to the conclusion that there is no need to invoke anything more than the physical universe to explain what this all is... but that is my conclusion.
Psilocyborg

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 10:51pm PT
Human thought is not so easily explained. It takes a bit of faith to jump from biological machine of an ape, to a self aware human consciousness.

Humans are unique. Humans did "eat the apple" so to speak. It doesnt mean there isnt a natural explanation, but it does mean it is beyond our current understanding.

We are a machine, but with a bit o' magic.
BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 14, 2012 - 11:07pm PT
Yeah, it IS kind of strange that in many of the oil and gas rich states we also have a lot of really forceful fundamentalist religioun.

I was at the oncologist yesterday, and out in the waiting area there were these really hard core Christian mags. So I start reading the one about how evolution is bogus. So much of it was just factually wrong. I even took it along with me through radiology and read it about three times. It was, just from an argument point of view, quite pathetic. I have been meaning to send the author a kind email pointing out the falsehoods.

I work with geoscientists who are like a slice of the general population. One of the smartest guys has his office plastered with Christian quotes and all that. My boss is an old dead head. Both are extremely smart.

This is where sedimentary geologists really see evolution on a daily basis. Fossils are almost all found in sedimentary rocks. I look at drill cuttings from a 15,000 foot well that starts in the Cretaceous and ends up in the Cambrian. Along the way there are a number of invertebrate microfossils.

It is so obvious that I don't know of a single petroleum geologist who doubts evolution. We don't find tools in Ordovician outcrops, for example. We do find them in Quaternary alluvium.

I certainly don't want to destroy anyone's religious faith, so evolution is just a very good theory that has held water for ages.

To dismiss it is just foolish. The real fossil record is not so much big vertebrates. It is in invertabrate fossils. The invertebrate record is very complete, and the fossils are found in a number of common depositional environments. Hell, I never even studied vertebrate evolution much. It was all invertebrate paleontology.

You can take a pinch of limestone, cut it into a thin section, and see it is filled with fossils.

Everything checks out. It is as good as the theory of the electron or Newton's theories of motion. Yeah, I know that Newton was a little off, but it is good enough to send people to the moon.

I just don't get it.

Oh. edit: no cancer..

Psilocyborg

climber
Feb 14, 2012 - 11:17pm PT
Alan Watts, anyone?
[url="http:// http://deoxy.org/w_nature.htm"]http:// http://deoxy.org/w_nature.htm[/url]


klk

Trad climber
cali
Feb 14, 2012 - 11:20pm PT
Oh. edit: no cancer..

congrats, man.

had to be scary.
Norwegian

Trad climber
Placerville, California
Feb 14, 2012 - 11:22pm PT
we are an offshoot of apes
and we don exaggerated intellect
and this hyper intelligence has
stunted our progess along the evolutionary path.
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 14, 2012 - 11:57pm PT
Donald, actually I thought your post was quite good.

It would be helpful if you would show the link where you got it from.

It was pretty well worded and somewhat thoughtful, so I figured you copy and pasted it.

But whether you did or not, thanks for answering my question and have a good evening.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 15, 2012 - 12:34am PT
Science is one thing and human psychology quite another. There are many excellent suggestions on this thread, and as I read through them, I was happy to be able to tick them off one by one as things I do or say in the classroom - minus the sometimes superior and elitist attitude.

I agree with the comment above that the teaching of evolution has the potential to be one of the most life changing classes at university from the student's perspective, but only if it is presented in a non confrontational manner they can accept. The goal always, is to get them thinking for themselves, not just memorizing for grades.

To make this happen, the instructor needs humility - respect for the students where ever they are in their understanding, as each student and class will be different, and a good sense of humor.

One other thing the students are always interested in are the bios of scientists. Beginning students are more likely to consider evolution favorably if they also know something about Darwin and his life experiences which led to his conclusions.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 15, 2012 - 12:40am PT
I'm not a romantic
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 15, 2012 - 12:53am PT
I think assuming that students will be converted to accepting evolution purely on the basis of scientific fact is actually the romantic position.

Concerning what Base104 had to say about core drills, is another approach in fact. One piece of evidence my students find quite convincing is stratigraphy and the order it represents. I always ask them if Noah's flood had been a world wide phenomenon, what would the fossil record look like as opposed to how it actually appears. When they realize the fossils are not a jumbled mess all in one strata, they find the actual fossil record to be even more convincing.

And yes, it's an interesting phenomenon that used to drive my father crazy when he worked as a seismologist in the oil fields of Texas, that everyone wants to find oil on their land and then half of them want to argue with the geologist as to how it got there. My first introduction to evolution was through the oil business when I was 4-5 years old. I used to accompany my father sometimes when he went out with his doodlebug crew on hot shots.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:08am PT
I think assuming that students will be converted to accepting evolution purely on the basis of scientific fact is actually the romantic position.

I didn't say that at all, and I'm not for converting anyone into accepting anything...
why would you think such a thing?
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:12am PT
Sorry Ed, what were you referring to then with the romantic comment?
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:16am PT
Fructose, I'm referring to the students' perceptions. Of course they come into the classroom
having heard about the confrontation between science and religion.
I certainly didn't invent that.

My style is to show them that it's an unnecessary and fruitless battle and then get
on to the interesting subject matter of the course as quickly as possible.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:21am PT
Right fructose. I'm well aware that I don't teach elites.

I'm still enough of a '60's person however, to believe that inquisitive students
from the non elite elements of our society deserve a good and relevent
education too.

In that sense, I guess I might increasingly seen in this society with its
widening class and education gap as a romantic.

Meanwhile the opening question of this thread concerned high school teaching
which I doubt is elitist either.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:41am PT
Thanks Donald. That makes sense.

Ed and I do occasionally disagree on these threads,
so I figured it applied to me. And it's not the first time
I've been accused of being a romantic.
cowpoke

climber
Feb 15, 2012 - 07:48am PT
I am not a theologian and could quickly get out of my league here, but I think it is worth adding a bit of nuance to the comment:
evolution provides an explanation of the origin of humans by physical means only

this is obviously touchy to religions

I would argue that the topic becomes controversial to people of faith if, and only if, the scientific explanation -- by definition, based on observable physical processes -- is perceived as being incompatible with their belief systems (e.g., Christians who perceive evolutionary theory as incompatible with the Genesis story). The fact that many Christians find their beliefs and evolution incompatible, however, is a bit odd from a socio-historical standpoint on Christianity.

From the 19th century through today, highly-respected Christian theologians (and scientists who claim to be Christians) have been (are) ardent supporters of Darwin and his theory of evolution. Early on (or should I say, “In the beginning?”), James Orr and George Frederick Wright, who were contributors to the essay series on Christian fundamentals that eventually led to the term “Fundamentalist Christian” both endorsed evolution as the story of human existence; indeed, some of these theologians referred to themselves as Christian Darwinists. Today, a well-known example of a scientist who argues that evolution and his Christian beliefs are compatible is Francis Collins, the director of the National Institute of Health and the former director of the National Human Genome Research Institute.

And, to bring this discussion back to climbing, Asa Gray, the botanist who was Darwin’s colleague and friend (and the namesake for the 14er, Gray’s Peak in Colorado) considered himself a Christian and maintained close ties with the Christian Darwinists.

(by the way, much of this is more succinctly provided in comment from Gene earlier in this thread)
BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 15, 2012 - 09:42am PT
I should have mentioned that the odd thing is the teaching of "Intelligent Design."

It hasn't really popped its head in Oklahoma, but the Kansas Schoolboard went through a famous case ten or so years ago.

The Kansas Schoolboard is odd, in that it is a state board of elected members. The fundamenalists inserted a number of "stealth" candidates for the specific reason of teaching intelligent design in the science class, right along with evolution. It was a huge stink, and they were punted in the next election.

I had a fine pre-college science education in Oklahoma back in the dark ages.

As for evolution being real, it is so blatantaly obvious in the fossil record, as well as the old age of the earth, that my fellow geoscientists who are religious have somehow reconciled it in their minds. I haven't pried as to how they do this.

Evolution is replete in the rock record. In the sedimentary basins that produce oil and gas, you have a thick sequence of rock layers that can cover 600 million years or more. Everything matches up very well. So does various dating methods. This is all very crucial in oil and gas exploration.

Paleomag also works really well. You can follow the latitude of a rock and see where it was relative to the equator when deposited. That is how continents can be followed around as they moved in time. This is also very crucial in oil and gas exploration.

Back to teaching evolution, I would just teach it in the science class like Ed says.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 15, 2012 - 11:58am PT
Those three Tierra del Fuegans returning to South America after being paraded around Europe like circus animals and Darwin's misunderstanding of them, are often used in anthropology classes as examples of how even great scientists can be ethnocentric and therefore none of us is ever completely immune either.

Darwin actually wrote that they were so primitive, they had no human language but spoke in grunts and shrieks.Of course, to be human is to have language of an average of 2,000 words. In fact their grammar, like many Native American languages was at least as complex as English.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 15, 2012 - 12:03pm PT
"Adventure travelers in Africa are nothing new. In the late 19th century they took the form of wealthy young men who bought their way onto a journey. They were the feckless and disobedient officers in Stanley’s Rear Column who caused the great scandal that dogged Stanley’s reputation. Take the abominations of James Jameson, the Irish whiskey heir, who stayed behind while Stanley went on searching for the reluctant Schnitzer. “Fascinated by the subject of cannibalism” and something of an amateur sketcher, Jameson bought an 11-year-old girl while bivouacked on the Congo and handed her over to a group of Africans; and while they stabbed her, dismembered her, cooked her and ate her, Jameson did drawings of the whole hideous business."
Reilly

Mountain climber
The Other Monrovia- CA
Feb 15, 2012 - 12:16pm PT
Jan, I wished you had been with me when I toured the Ushuaia Naval Museum.
It is fascinating and some of the photo captions are very 'interesting'.
I've thought of doing a 'TR' but it wouldn't be climbing related and I
don't want to get banned.


Gene

climber
Feb 15, 2012 - 12:26pm PT
During a biology class a million years ago, the prof asked if anyone could name the pioneers of the theory of evolution. I recited all the peak names I could think of in the Evolution area of the Sierra – Darwin, Mendel, Huxley, Lamarck, Haeckel, Wallace, Fiske, Spencer, etc.

The prof was impressed until I mentioned The Hermit.

g
BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 15, 2012 - 12:29pm PT
If you are going to toss evolution, along with the old age of the earth, you are going to have to get rid of the following:

Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Geology

Those 4, and a bunch of sub areas of each area of study.

No kidding.

Geologists and biologists deal with it constantly.
survival

Big Wall climber
Terrapin Station
Feb 15, 2012 - 12:32pm PT
The solution to which is to move back to a state with mountains



My personal favorite!
BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:14pm PT
^^^Not a totally accurate statement, though.

The Kansas schoolboard fiasco raised such a stink that they were all voted out in the next election.

Intelligent Design is not taught in science class. The governer of Kansas had to take a lot of heat over that. She was very against it.

Right Wingers think that we ought to sh#t can the Dept. of Education.

I disagree. We should give the Dept of Education a clear mandate: to raise education standards and encourage more math and science education.

You need to be fairly good at math to be a plumber or electrician.

We also need poets and artists, but to keep the country strong economically, we need to raise the level of science education. The Chinese have been doing this for a couple of decades.

And we damn sure need to be paying teachers more.

Jan, education is the best way to free people from poverty. That I can think of anyway. I would be interested to know your opinion.
BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:26pm PT
Remember that Republican debate a while back?

The moderator asked for a show of hands on who believed in evolution. I will have to check, but there were quite a few who didn't believe in evolution.

The Republican party has been at least partially taken over by the fundamentalist Christian base.

So they risk being labeled as "anti-science."

Going back to the original post, I am very glad that I don't have to teach evolution. I would hate having to deal with irate parents.

Science is just studying the natural world. It has no real opinion on religion. You can be religious and a top notch scientist. The brightest guy on this team I am now working with is super religious. Super nice guy, too. Extremely smart, though. A very young rising star. Fun to work with.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:32pm PT
education is the best way to free people from poverty

Absolutely. I've lived in villages where people couldn't figure out if one egg costs 1.25 ruppees how much two eggs would cost. They would just hold out their hands and say, "please don't cheat me". Unfortunately most educated people there did.

Even one person in a village who was literate, could make a huge difference in the lives of the others. And when Nepal went from 94% illiteracy down to 70% , the king who claimed to be an incarnation of the Hindu god Vishnu, lost his throne amid a people's power revolution.
Gene

climber
Feb 15, 2012 - 01:32pm PT
Nice posts, BASE.

One can believe in science.
One can believe in religion.
One can believe in religion and science.

Religion versus science is stupid.
Science versus religion is stupid.

g
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 15, 2012 - 02:56pm PT
Evolution is perhaps our only cogent hope to understanding the ever changing and morphing nature of lifeforms. The conflicts arise when religios start making claims that "spiritual" energies collude with the material world, and when science demands that "spiritual" energies can be "proven" only through furnishing physical evidence of same.

When each discipline overreachs their proper sphere, they both become less than useful. Another problem is that fundamentalists from both camps insist that each discipline is fundamentally without limits. This is the promise and hope of "God," just sliced and diced with different tools, the underlying psychology being the same.

I have to wonder if spiritual energies are somewhat like "mind," certainly implied and even embeded in material, but no where to be "seen" other than in terms of objective mechanical components.

Evolution on the other hand seems pretty straight forward.

JL
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 15, 2012 - 03:01pm PT
physical - non-physical
physical - non-physical
etc.

Contradiction...
GOclimb

Trad climber
Boston, MA
Feb 15, 2012 - 03:35pm PT
The OP has probably long since fled this thread, but... just in case he's still reading...

How long do you have for your segment on Evolution? Is it a full semester, or just part of one?

Most of my thoughts on how to teach Evolution revolve around that question.

But one other thought... look into The Selfish Gene. I read it in HS and it was a perfect level for me, and a huge eye-opener.

Cheers,

GO
Melissa

Gym climber
berkeley, ca
Feb 15, 2012 - 03:57pm PT
The best way to teach evolution is the same as the best way to teach all science...by showing the evidence. Unfortunately, there's so much ground to cover in the curriculum and sometimes the beginner's background makes the evidence difficult to explain, so we end up teaching it a bit like articles of faith as well.

I don't mention religion when I teach evolution. My opinions on religion have no place in my classroom. If someone else brings it up, I just say that they need to learn the evidence and principles and be able to explain them and relate them to other concepts on exams, and however they choose to jive it with their religion is their own deal and falls outside of what we're working on in this class.
Paul Martzen

Trad climber
Fresno
Feb 15, 2012 - 04:34pm PT
I have been thinking about evolution in a variety of non-biological situations and thinking about the processes that lead to change. For instance with the evolution of automobiles, a large number of processes interact to shape changes. There is the steady evolution in technology, but there are also changes in fashion which seem to have a big effect in survival/marketability of different types of autos. Clearly, though, automobiles have evolved and changed drastically from their earliest ancestors. Each step in that evolution was an experiment on which later steps were built.

Evolution is the idea that things often change gradually and that small changes over time can add up to very large differences. We are surrounded by examples of this every day. In education, we learn a little bit at a time and our understandings gradually evolve. In climbing, our abilities gradually change with experience, each change building on previous changes.

The exact mechanisms of change are different from one situation to another, but I suspect the underlying principles are much the same.
WBraun

climber
Feb 15, 2012 - 04:44pm PT
In the automobile evolution there is/was a creator ..... :-)
Bryan71

Trad climber
Sacramento
Feb 16, 2012 - 12:15am PT
I have taught evolution for years and I always begin by presenting Darwin as person and what he experienced. However, with that said, I almost always do a short unit on basic genetics BEFORE teaching evolution and how sexual reproduction creates random differences in DNA. Also genetics shows the mechanism in which traits are inherited. This basic knowledge of genetics makes teaching evolution so much easier.

On the actual teaching of evolution I use passages from both the Voyage of the Beagle and The Origin of Species. I show Darwin as a rational thinking person who made conclusions based on evidence. I then proceed to present a small mountain of evidence that supports evolution. I make sure to tie it back to genetics for extra emphasis on an actual physical mechanism as to why evolution works.

Hope that helps
WBraun

climber
Feb 16, 2012 - 12:28am PT
Theory is not a conclusion .....
skywalker

climber
Topic Author's Reply - Feb 16, 2012 - 12:28am PT
Hey all,

Thanks for the posts, I am starting with some hemoglobin analysis and followed by hominid skull examination. Teachers should know this. I'm just concerned with Eve and Adam. And many students are well...in religious activities.

Ed great thoughts, Melissa too, Jaybro, to name a few. Just concerned with approach with human records and well... I'll leave it at that. Going to bed.

Get some some sleep and kill this thread if it becomes too "duke it out"

Thanks

S...
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 16, 2012 - 01:22am PT
Bryan71-

Glad to hear that someone else involves Darwin as a person in the discussion
and how he came to his conclusions. I'm teaching human evolution so I start
with primates, then the fossils, then the genetics since my students find that the
most technical part. We end with our changing understanding of "race" and what
it isn't, and the last night we watch Spencer Wells' Journey of Man, and discuss
the ongoing human genographic project.

I'd be interested in what all you cover in genetics when you do it first.
Maybe discuss this offline?
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 16, 2012 - 01:46am PT
physical - non-physical
physical - non-physical
etc.

Contradiction...


The dance of opposites - one of the most obvious facets of existence. Take a gander at Jung. Or as Haley said, try doing math without a 0. The night doesn't, after all, contradict the day, nor does aggression contradict compassion, nor does the All contradict the many, or the one, or (fill in the blank).

Paradox does not exist but in language and in our heads.

JL
Melissa

Gym climber
berkeley, ca
Feb 16, 2012 - 01:56am PT
I'd be interested in what all you cover in genetics when you do it first.
Maybe discuss this offline?

I start with the story of Mendel, the pea-tending monk, as a parable of sorts for how anyone who is really observant, logical, and thoughtful about their world IS a scientist when I teach General Ed bio.

FWIW, we have a sociology prof. who is doing the Nat. Geo. ancestry mitochondrial/Y-chromosomal DNA sequencing project at our school. He got a grant to help cover the cost of teh sequencing. (I think it's like $100 full price, and our students pay $25.) It's a a really cool multi-disciplinary way to take on learning about genes, inheritence, and race (and to some degree, how recently our ancestors were wading around in the genetic pools of races other than those that we may consider to be "ours".)

I overheard an African American woman explaining to one of her friends what she was doing in her class. It was cool to hear her brimming with pride as she explained the connection to the origin of humanity in Africa and that the mtDNA was traced along a maternal lineage to her friend. The prof that started this project actually got Spencer Wells to come and talk to the participating students pro bono. So cool for financially struggling public ed.

(I may destruct the latter part of this comment to get it off the Google record just b/c I'm sure he (SW) has limited availability to do this sort of thing.)
Paul Martzen

Trad climber
Fresno
Feb 16, 2012 - 02:34am PT
Werner says,
In the automobile evolution there is/was a creator ..... :-)
Which makes it particularly interesting. Even with creators, there is evolution. Creators keep creating changes on top of older creations, and for a variety of reasons. A perfect creator might have created the perfect car and been done with it the first time, but no, cars keep changing incrementally in somewhat unpredictable ways. Human creators at least, rely on evolution.

I just read Howard's very early post that evolution is about the fact that everything changes. When things change slowly enough it is easy to believe that they have not changed. So as Howard suggested, it can be nice to start off with observations where change is rapid enough to be easily observable.

Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 16, 2012 - 05:58am PT
evolution/ natural selection is a fact and you can find plenty of examples of it working in fossil records. Natural Selection runs into problems when trying to use it to explain biology that is irreducably complex. ie, where a system of many parts can not develop over time through small mutations, All the parts need to be in place and working together at the same time to be an advantage that natural would select for. If one part is missing the system won't work and natural selection would not pass it along. Also evolution/ natural selection dose not explain the how life got started. Natural selection dose not start to work unless you already have cells that can self replicate and have DNA that can mutate and pass on those genes. DNA, it's vast amounts of coded information and the complex functions of a cell scream design. Just like you would never look at Mt Rushmore and think that wind and rain carved the faces into the rock. The Idea of design dose not have to mean or invoke a GOD nor should it be seen as unscientific if science is the scearch for truth no matter what that truth is. Design in life should be part of the talk in the classroom without people freaking out over the idea that maybe there might be something going on that we don't understand yet.
eeyonkee

Trad climber
Golden, CO
Feb 16, 2012 - 06:22am PT
Natural Selection runs into problems when trying to use it to explain biology that is irreducably complex. ie, where a system of many parts can not develop over time through small mutations, All the parts need to be in place and working together at the same time to be an advantage that natural would select for. If one part is missing the system won't work and natural selection would not pass it along

Turns out, this has been shown to be wrong again and again. They (evolution doubters) used to say this about the wing, the eye, and various other complex organs or parts. All can be shown to have, indeed, been the products of evolution, pure and simple.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 16, 2012 - 08:39am PT
Melissa, thanks!

I had my haplotype tested years ago by Brian Sykes at Oxford
so I bring in my charts from that and show the class and explain
how genetic testing has been used in my family to discover history
beyond our great grandfathers when they had hard to trace common
last names.

Actually taking the genographic test as part of the class would be the
absolute best! It would be especially interesting in the multi cultural
American military environment.

I guess Mendal's example is interesting too in contrast to Darwin,
in that some people make their discoveries adventuring far from
home but much can be discovered right here by careful observation,
as you say.
bc

climber
Prescott, AZ
Feb 16, 2012 - 09:11am PT
In the automobile evolution there is/was a creator ..... :-)

Yeah Werner, a tool making primate that evolved to be a creator of cars. The old Paley's Watch analogy. It was weak when it was proposed in 1802. The leap between a car maker and a universe-maker is substantial.

Jonnnyyyzzz, +1 what eeyonkee wrote. IR is weak. Better to ask the nearly blind man what good is a partial eye? The apparent complexity of something is not a valid argument for the necessity of a designer of any kind. See Mandelbrot sets, fractals etc.

Hey skywalker, I've often thought that when discussing to fossil record it might be better to discuss more recent fossils. Animals and later forms of humans (from 10s-100s of thousands of years ago and not 10s of millions)look more like modern animals and people and might be something the kids could relate to better.
splitter

Trad climber
Hodad surfing the galactic plane
Feb 16, 2012 - 10:02am PT
education is the best way to free people from poverty

Poverty will always be with us!

A massive drought could throw a whole continent into poverty & despair.

So could war.

You guys are dreaming if you believe in some manmade utopia here on earth.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 16, 2012 - 10:24am PT
Natural Selection runs into problems when trying to use it to explain biology that is irreducably complex. ie, where a system of many parts can not develop over time through small mutations, All the parts need to be in place and working together at the same time to be an advantage that natural would select for. If one part is missing the system won't work and natural selection would not pass it along

I don't get why people who do not study or even understand the basic ideas of evolution make claims about what it can and cannot explain. That entire statement is bunk and any scientists that has even read just a few books on the subject would know it is flat out wrong.

When teaching evolution, it should be taught just like teaching any other area science. One thing that is interesting about subjects like evolution is that they touch on many areas of science. Biology and chemistry are obvious but geology has a big impact on evolution since both change very slowly over great expanses of time. Even culture and psychology come into play if you think about small things like animal breeding and how they could affect evolution.

Evolution is an interesting subject to me because it fits in with my interest in machines. To me, there is a mechanism to it and to the lifeforms it affects.

Dave
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 16, 2012 - 10:28am PT
Listening to creationists try to discuss science and evolution is like watching as bunch of kids at the Special Olympics build an atomic bomb. It's a complete fiasco but also a tiny bit scary.
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 16, 2012 - 11:19am PT
"If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down."
--Charles Darwin, Origin of Species
bc

climber
Prescott, AZ
Feb 16, 2012 - 12:14pm PT
"If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down."

Jonnnyyyzzz, The key word in your quote is "if". No such organ has been found. IR "researchers" have found zero to support their hypothesis.

And (drum roll) here's the rest of Darwin's quote that directly follows the quotemined segment you posted, "...But I can find out no such case. No doubt many organs exist of which we do not know the transitional grades, more especially if we look to much-isolated species, round which, according to my theory, there has been much extinction. Or again, if we look to an organ common to all the members of a large class, for in this latter case the organ must have been first formed at an extremely remote period, since which all the many members of the class have been developed; and in order to discover the early transitional grades through which the organ has passed, we should have to look to very ancient ancestral forms, long since become extinct. We should be extremely cautious in concluding that an organ could not have been formed by transitional gradations of some kind" Charles Darwin The Origin of Species Chapter 6

There are organs that lack a complete explanation for how they evolved, but that doesn’t mean there isn’t one. If we had a better fossil record (more and better preserved specimens), we would likely have a better answer for how various organs evolved.
P.Rob

Social climber
Pacomia, Ca - Y Que?
Feb 16, 2012 - 12:32pm PT
Professor Henry F. (Fritz) Schaefer is one of the most distinguished physical scientists in the world. The U.S. News and World Report cover story of December 23, 1991 speculated that Professor Schaefer is a “five time nominee for the Nobel Prize.” He has received four of the most prestigious awards of the American Chemical Society, as well as the most highly esteemed award (the Centenary Medal) given to a non-British subject by London’s Royal Society of Chemistry. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Moreover, his general interest lectures on science and religion have riveted large audiences in nearly all the major universities in the U.S.A. and in Beijing, Berlin, Budapest, Calcutta, Cape Town, New Delhi, Hong Kong, Istanbul, London, Paris, Prague, Sarajevo, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Sofia, St. Petersburg, Sydney, Tokyo, Warsaw, Zagreb, and Zürich.
For 18 years Dr. Schaefer was a faculty member at the University of California at Berkeley, where he remains Professor of Chemistry, Emeritus. Since 1987 Dr. Schaefer has been Graham Perdue Professor of Chemistry and Director of the Center for Computational Chemistry at the University of Georgia.
http://leaderu.com/offices/schaefer/docs/scientists.html


The above biography and link is for Professor Schaefer and his essay “Scientists and Their Gods”. I believe that you will find Professor Schaefer has a resume that is every bit as “impressive” as our esteemed Dr.H. I do not and will not enter into the fray of discussion around evolution. My issue is the on going archaic statement that faith & reason, science and religion do not and can not have effective discussions and relationships. It is a false dichotomy….. Oh well … please review with an honest and open mind.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 16, 2012 - 02:50pm PT
Natural Selection runs into problems when trying to use it to explain biology that is irreducably complex. ie, where a system of many parts can not develop over time through small mutations

the major problem with this assertion is that we have no quantitative definition of "complex." To a large extent as it is used "complex" is very much in the eye of the beholder.

Until the critics of evolution, whose arguments are based on "complexity," can provide such a quantitative definition, this argument can be regarded as only a conjecture or a supposition.

It doesn't matter what the credentials of the arguer are, they have to provide such definition critical to their argument... put up or shut up as it were.

I haven't seen such a definition. Does anyone have a definition or a reference to the definition?
Klimmer

Mountain climber
San Diego
Feb 16, 2012 - 02:57pm PT
P. Rob,

Thanks for posting the link to that lecture and article. Good stuff.

There is no problem between science and faith (or Christian faith). Both are 2 very different tools to answer 2 very different questions. Both are after the truth. They are complimentary to one another.

Many, many of our founding fathers of Modern science were men of faith and men of science. No problem. They were more enlightened than many modern scientists today in so many ways.

Again people, watch: "NOVA: Newton's Dark Secrets"

Those who fear faith, fear knowing about GOD, ridicule and make fun of those who do have faith, fear knowing about the truth.
P.Rob

Social climber
Pacomia, Ca - Y Que?
Feb 16, 2012 - 04:19pm PT
“Until the critics of evolution, whose arguments are based on "complexity," can provide such a quantitative definition, this argument can be regarded as only a conjecture or a supposition”.

DR.H,
The below article and subsequent quote from it illustrate that the definition of complexity is not limited to the creationist, but is a fundamental question in the discussion, regardless on one’s world view..


http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2008/04/the-complexity/

“You always get into trouble if you say these things out loud with creationists around. It’s not that the whole theory of evolution is going to come tumbling down — there’s no doubt that evolution has taken place on the earth, and that we definitely understand certain parts of it and that they fit together.
But there really are fundamental conceptual problems with the whole notion of fitness and therefore the whole notion of selection, and therefore in how evolution actually takes place in evolutionary systems of which biology is one example, but there are others — the meme, the evolution of societies or of technology, or in principle any kind of system where new things are created that didn’t exist before”.
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 16, 2012 - 04:40pm PT
Ed I agree what your saying and enjoy exploring these questions hopefully with an open mind. Creation/evolution ether truth I would find intresting. Will you let me know How you think evolution/natural selection plays its role in the start of the first life. isn't it like the chicken and egg. without genetic code and the passing of traits through self replication natural selection dosn't have a chance to work its magic. From what I understand amino acids don't really self attract and fold up into any meaningful protean that dose anything like work. Without DNA/RNA transcription within the cell how do you get self replicating life. Wouldn't evolution need to show how this could reasonably happen randomly before design can be ruled out as a potential for the start of life. It seems to me that The Complexity of DNA and role it play in living things is getting close to IR complex. What do you think?
blahblah

Gym climber
Boulder
Feb 16, 2012 - 04:40pm PT
Do you really think Christianity is as powerful now as it was two hundred years ago, Dingus?

Short answer - yes.

Do you think a self-described atheist could get elected to President of the US?

That's kind of like what everyone said about "black" before Obama.
I'm not the poster referred to above, but I think a non-religious person could be elected president soon. Now I don't know if s/he went around as an "active" atheist instead of just being agnostic--someone with that frame of mind wouldn't have the skill set to go far in politics anyway.
P.Rob

Social climber
Pacomia, Ca - Y Que?
Feb 16, 2012 - 07:00pm PT
//"There is no problem between science and faith (or Christian faith). Both are 2 very different tools to answer 2 very different questions. Both are after the truth. They are complimentary to one another".

"Complimentary? Lol, got some examples?

DMT"//
DMT,
The following quote was cut from a previous post I made(http://leaderu.com/offices/schaefer/docs/scientists.html); . I am not sure that it answers your question, but one has to admit that it is quite an interesting statement in light of the source. You seem to have an active intelligence DMT, and a right decent guy. There is more out there, if one is honest in their skepticism and is willing to seek. Much of what I read here is so vitriolic and angry, and seems be motivated by things other seeking truth. Even your post – on this and other threads, seems to have an overarching pain & hurt, stemmed from real life experiences, that make you reject any other consideration …....

Allan Sandage
The world's greatest observational cosmologist, an astronomer at the Carnegie Institution, was called the Grand Old Man of cosmology by The New York Times when he won a $1 million prize from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He said:
“The nature of God is not to be found within any part of the findings of science. For that, one must turn to the Scriptures”.
In one book, Sandage was asked the classic question, "Can one be a scientist and a Christian?" and he replied, "Yes, I am." Ethnically Jewish, Sandage became a Christian at the age of fifty—if that doesn't prove that it's never too late, I don't know what does!
This is the man who is responsible for our best values for the age of the universe: something like 14 billion years. Yet, when this brilliant cosmologist is asked to explain how one can be a scientist and a Christian, he doesn't turn to astronomy, but rather to biology:
“The world is too complicated in all its parts and interconnections to be due to chance…I am convinced that the existence of life with all its order and each of its organisms is simply too well put together”.
Gene

climber
Feb 16, 2012 - 07:03pm PT
We will never evolve as a species until we know the difference between complimentary and complementary.

Sorry - today is my day to be a jerk.

g
Tony Bird

climber
Northridge, CA
Feb 16, 2012 - 07:36pm PT
if fundamentalist believers start ganging up on you, the solution is simple. refer them to the works of the french jesuit philosopher, pierre teilhard de chardin (1881-1955). teilhard was a real scientist, a paleontologist, and a catholic priest. he worked the whole system of christian belief and darwinistic evolution into a grand philosophical scheme. his books are over the heads of most people, which may help quite a bit in keeping uneducated people out of your hair.

be sure to emphasize that you don't necessarily agree with teilhard, just that the two points of view have been masterfully reconciled by at least one important thinker.

me, i think jesus was an alien hybrid.
P.Rob

Social climber
Pacomia, Ca - Y Que?
Feb 16, 2012 - 08:03pm PT
Lol Mr. DMT – though to my defence (Anglo spelling) I was just cutting and pasting others quotes – though it does make an interesting argument. I also agree that the powers that be tend to be cut from the same cloth in many ways- the proverbial – or is that metaphorical – different sides of the same evil coin…. And I do stand on my early assessment – ya a pretty decent chap. ……….
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 17, 2012 - 01:20am PT
the Wired article that P.Robb links is very breezy and has a perilous mention of "complex systems"... but there is nothing there that describes what is meant by complexity in evolution.

I tracked down M. Paczuski who was interviewed in the article using in the ArXiv preprint server http://arxiv.org/ and found one article that she had posted on evolution...

http://arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/9607066.pdf

this is not in reference to "complex systems."

You can get an idea of what a physicist is groping around for in the idea of complex systems in the Wikipedia article:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_systems

where we find the line in the introduction: "A consensus regarding a single universal definition of complex system does not yet exist."

There is no measure of complexity, and certainly not one that addresses the issues that seem central to the criticism of evolution that simple cannot evolve into complex. The concept of "irreducible complexity" does not have a formal description, it cannot be quantified, and it cannot be measured. Right now, it exists as an opinion.

What physicists like Paczuski do is to apply statistical mechanical concepts to systems, often both in an analytic manner and often simultaneously through computer models that implement the features of the systems they are studying.

The multi-scale nature of evolution, that it operates at the gene level through the planetary ecology in important and non-trivial ways is certainly a "complex system," that is, it exhibits behavior that does not reduce to simple rules.

However, it is possible for systems with simple rules governing the action of interacting agents to have exhibit complex behavior. Conway's "Game of Life" (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%27s_Game_of_Life); is an example of cellular automatons, cellular automatons are the subject of intense study... see the article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_automaton

We don't know yet how to predict the behavior of these systems built from simple pieces but exhibiting "complex behavior" by which is meant, behavior that isn't explicitly programmed in but arises from the simple interactions of the agents.

This is relevant since the analysis of how genes produce proteins, which are then used to build life happens as a set of relatively simple chemical interactions which are regulated in a particular manner to create those proteins.

A particular analysis of genes using these "complex system" ideas has lead to some rather amazing results. You can read about the general ideas in this article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_regulatory_network

these are not just "theoretic" exercises, but have actual practical applications, for instance in studying the virulence of bacterial, of Yersinia pestis the cause of plague. These systems of regulation networks which are the "algorithm" of gene expression are complex in the network sense, see the paper Evolution and Dynamics of Regulatory Architectures Controlling Polymyxin B Resistance in Enteric Bacteria

the abstract's first sentence: "Complex genetic networks consist of structural modules that determine the levels and timing of a cellular response."

Not only are these systems complex, but we can understand their complexity, and we can study that organism's evolution of these complex networks, see for instance: Molecular Darwinian Evolution of Virulence in Yersinia pestis.

The point here is that the claim that complexity cannot arise from evolution is not supported in any way by our understanding of evolution, in fact it is just the opposite, we start to see how the "complex" is built up out of simple rules. We are starting to be able to "read" the genome and predict what it will do, how it expresses under various cellular conditions. How, step by step, these genes govern life.

I would be interested in any discussion of complexity that demonstrates the impossibility of evolution, such a discussion starts out first by defining complexity.

Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 17, 2012 - 02:04am PT
Some level of an Improbable object or event with a recognizable pattern or function. Would probably be a good starting base for defining complexity and design but I'm not the guy that could work out a formula for it. why not give it a go ED.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 17, 2012 - 04:19am PT
I am not suggesting that this has anything to do with the science of evolution
then why bring it up in a thread about teaching evolution?

and I'm not at all sure what you mean by "evolutionist," all biologists are...

Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 17, 2012 - 01:10pm PT
I think the problem arises out of creationists' assumption that there must necessarily be an a priori 'guiding hand' for any disorganized random state to emerge into a highly organized system. Complex coordinated systems seem to suggest a coordinator,i.e., a unifying emergent purpose or force that overrides the non-unified constituents in a disorganized state. The more complex, the more the requirement for an a priori causation.

These non-contingent assumptions are based in an underestimation of the demonstrable ability of primal proteins to organize into ever more complex life forms for the explicit and long term purpose of enjoying warm showers, good dinners, and a little round of Beethoven's greatest hits.
-----


I think some of the challenge here is that evolution and mechanical evaluations are effective in explaining the "how" but are less than useful in providing the "why," which largely is not a relevant question in their investigations. Because "why" is no more present in the atomic stirrings than "mind" is clearly present in the brain, "why," perforce, becomes an irrelevant concern, as it should be to those engaged in quantifying.

Surprising to many is that many so-called spiritual traditions also consider the "why" question largely irrelevant and simply focus, instead, on what is.

JL
Klimmer

Mountain climber
San Diego
Feb 17, 2012 - 02:24pm PT
I have no problem with Evolution. It's real. It happens.

There are many examples we can see in our own short life-time here on Earth. Microorganisms like bacteria etc., mutate and change all the time. Disease pathogens become resistant to treatment all the time. They are changing and becoming more resilient. Evolution at work. And this can happen in fairly short amounts of time.


However, please show me how organic molecules (non-living building blocks), wherever they are found, even on meteorites, how do these non-living organic molecules first form tissue, then an organ, then a system of organs to produce the first simplest living single celled organism?

My good friend, once climbing partner, and my first Bio professor in college always said this truth, "The simplest single celled living organism is far more complex than the largest non-living system or phenomenon."

How exactly did the first non-living building block organic molecules do all of that? How exactly did that happen? How did the first non-living matter become life?

Hey, once life is already here it isn't difficult to see how life begets life. And how the mechanics of Evolution can work from that point on.

How did life exactly first begin from a strict evolutionary point of view, without any deity or other spiritual or faith based method and causation?


Enquiring minds want to know.





Theistic evolution:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theistic_evolution
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 17, 2012 - 04:32pm PT
Klimmer, we don't know yet, it is the subject of much research.

some of this can be found in the Wikipedia article:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis

Certainly we can approach it as a science question, and pursue an answer in that domain. As I have said many times before, science knows when it gets things wrong...

Standby...
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 17, 2012 - 05:18pm PT
However, please show me how organic molecules (non-living building blocks), wherever they are found, even on meteorites, how do these non-living organic molecules first form tissue, then an organ, then a system of organs to produce the first simplest living single celled organism?

Are you not capable of reading a book about evolution? If you are not being antagonistic and really want to know, the information is out there. It's quite deep and interesting if not discounted from the get-go.

There are even theories about how no-living things can evolve through mutation and natural selection. The idea is actually quite interesting and of course unbelievable to some until they do a little research and try to understand it. It's science so anyone can evaluate the ideas, study the evidence, and recreate the research on their own as well.

Dave
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 17, 2012 - 05:45pm PT
The whole idea of things emerging from totally different things is a very fascinating study, and so conuterintuitive at some stages that the whole notion that previous stages in a causal chain "create" something down river might be totally wrong. How matter "creates" mind, how inorganic matter "creates" life, and so forth are largely open questions, often thieved past by ignoring qualitative differences. This is also a field of inquiry promising the moon and delivering on not so much to date.

And anyone waiting for Dr. Frankenstein to create life in a lab or to turn out a sentient computer anything "soon," stand up and be counted. I got some real estate for you - on Mars.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cicada_molting_animated-2.gif

JL
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 17, 2012 - 06:36pm PT
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Is_Life%3F
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 17, 2012 - 07:12pm PT
to create life in a lab

This is why Carl Sagan was careful to distinguish between (a) microbial life and (b) "big beasts" - like cheetahs and honey badgers and humans.

Synthesis of bacteriophage has already been done in the lab. Synthesis of whole bacteria maybe as well. I haven't been following the state of the art.

In the future we will have a discipline called bioengineering - including both analytical bioengineering and applied bioengineering - which will be a great deal more prevalent in our colleges and communities and consciousnesses than it is today. And at that time, blogs or forum threads such as these will provide unbounded testimony to anyone to show how far public understanding (in biology or bioengineering) has evolved in even two generations.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 17, 2012 - 07:15pm PT
The only possible alternative is simply to keep to the immediate experience that consciousness is a singular of which the plural is unknown; that there is only one thing and that what seems to be a plurality is merely a series of different aspects of this one thing...
--------------


In Zen the notion is that the "plural" and the "one" are the same, exactly, and that while they can be known, they are fundamentally ungraspable (nonquantifiable).

Or something like that. You have to have a terrific capacity for paradoxes to really get jiggy with this and take the time to painstakingly work out the language with sufficient precision that it makes some little sense. I just dash sh#t off.

And Dr. Thompson, let's talk about that real estate real soon now.

JL
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 17, 2012 - 07:40pm PT
Yo, Craig:

What do you make of this one statement from the great link Ed provided:

". . . that there is only one thing and that what seems to be a plurality is merely a series of different aspects of this one thing..."

What is your sense of what that "one thing" is, being a realist and all.

Curious,

JL
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 17, 2012 - 07:46pm PT
Mr Fructose, what do you mean by synthesis?

Could you provide a link? Thanks.

I'd start here:

(1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda_phage

(2) http://www.amazon.com/Genetic-Switch-Third-Lambda-Revisited/dp/0879697164/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1329525842&sr=8-1

(3) an internet search for "synthesis" or "in vitro syn of bacteriophage" should turn up many cases of creation of life or "protolife" in laboratory concerning virus or bacteriophage (which is what I posted about)

I mean, assuming you're really interested in these subjects.
BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 17, 2012 - 09:13pm PT
I don't really have to worry about the mechanisms of evolution.

I see evolution all of the time. When you drill a 10,000 foot deep well, and go from the Cretaceous to the Cambrian, you see a LOT of fossils when you look at a bag of samples taken every ten feet.

I have also done a lot of field geology, which is done at the surface. It is also blatantly obvious. No way around it. I specialize in depositional environments of sedimentary rocks, and their stratigraphy. I, nor anyone else, has found evidence of a worldwide great flood. Sea level does rise and fall, but not that much.

Hey, when somebody finds a human skull in an Ordovician rock, I will take notice. Since outcrops have been scoured for the really important fossils, the invertebrates, for who knows how long, it is pretty well figured out. Vertebrate paleontology is far more sparse.

So I look at empirical evidence of evolution. It is so damn blatant that you have to put on a blindfold to dismiss it.

The Earth is also very old. Very old. I can spit out billions of years, but sit and think about how many centuries are in a billion years.

As for the start of life on Earth, it seemed to happen pretty quickly after things had settled down.

My next door neighbor is a famous evolution scientist. One evening I asked him, "If life is so easy to start, has it seen multiple genesis's over time?"

His reply was no. There is a universal genome that all life shares.

The genetics part is over my head, but I find that interesting.
WBraun

climber
Feb 17, 2012 - 09:49pm PT
man creating life in the Lab

Life is already there, you can't create life, it's already there.

Maybe in ones fertile mind, Dr Frankenstein .....
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 17, 2012 - 10:00pm PT
The basic idea is... insofar as one is comfortable with such things and processes as....

 synthesis of dna from nucleotides,
 synthesis of phospholipid membranes
 synthesis of viruses (phages)
 primitive replicators and their evolution
 genetic code (or coding) from dna to mrna to amino acid to proteins
 cell organelles, cellular machinery and their evolution
 glycolysis, kreb cycle, electron transport chain, photosynthesis, etc.
 signal transduction, etc.
 genetics, genetic regulation, incl its evolution

... it's not such a crazy step afterall (from nonlife to life, or from inanimate matter to animate matter) that some people would have unaware people believe is inconceivable - inconceivable by all except those nutty science types. ;)

.....

Obviously what's hard for the average primitive 21st century joe to wrap his mind around - no doubt made more difficult by the loads of tradition he's inherited from religions and their theologies - is that... (1) life is animated matter... (2) humans are one of things H atoms do after 15 billion years of evolution...

And of course this is made all the harder still by the bulk of humanity which - if we're going to be candid- has never had a physics, chemistry or biology course let alone strings of them. (Or let alone analytical bioengineering courses which we can hope humanity of the future is going to have in greater supply.)

Where there is life in an info age, there is hope.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 18, 2012 - 01:42am PT
My next door neighbor is a famous evolution scientist. One evening I asked him, "If life is so easy to start, has it seen multiple genesis's over time?"

His reply was no. There is a universal genome that all life shares.


This is certainly true on earth and this unity of life is something my students find fascinating and helpful to understanding evolution.

We have also found amino acids on meteors, indicating that the building blocks of life are circulating throughout our solar system and perhaps all of our galaxy (my understanding anyway).

But what about other galaxies? I personally would expect there to be life based on other fundamentals in other galaxies. Not that we'll know in my lifetime, but interesting to speculate about anyway.
Klimmer

Mountain climber
San Diego
Feb 18, 2012 - 02:38am PT
I have no problem with Evolution. It's real. It happens.

There are many examples we can see in our own short life-time here on Earth. Microorganisms like bacteria etc., mutate and change all the time. Disease pathogens become resistant to treatment all the time. They are changing and becoming more resilient. Evolution at work. And this can happen in fairly short amounts of time.


However, please show me how organic molecules (non-living building blocks), wherever they are found, even on meteorites, how do these non-living organic molecules first form tissue, then an organ, then a system of organs to produce the first simplest living single celled organism?

My good friend, once climbing partner, and my first Bio professor in college always said this truth, "The simplest single celled living organism is far more complex than the largest non-living system or phenomenon."

How exactly did the first non-living building block organic molecules do all of that? How exactly did that happen? How did the first non-living matter become life?

Hey, once life is already here it isn't difficult to see how life begets life. And how the mechanics of Evolution can work from that point on.

How did life exactly first begin from a strict evolutionary point of view, without any deity or other spiritual or faith based method and causation?


Enquiring minds want to know.


Theistic evolution:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theistic_evolution







Ed Hartouni said . . .

Feb 17, 2012 - 01:32pm PT

Klimmer, we don't know yet, it is the subject of much research.

some of this can be found in the Wikipedia article:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis

Certainly we can approach it as a science question, and pursue an answer in that domain. As I have said many times before, science knows when it gets things wrong...

Standby...




I knew the answer before I asked it.

Dr. Ed gives the most honest answer. "WE DON'T KNOW YET."

We haven't synthesized life yet "from the ground up" as mentioned above. We do not know how non-living organic molecules all on their own got together and formed the first membranes/tissue, and how these structures all on their own got together and formed the first formed organelles, and how these structures all on their own first got together and formed the very first living single celled microbial organism, with all the said requirements to fulfill our definition for life.

Yes, admit it. At this point science knows a great deal about the theory of Evolution (do we have it all right, probably not), but we don't know the answer to abiogenesis. That is the crux. At this point in time we think that yes, it must of somehow happened. Somehow non-living matter became living and it did it all on its own without any deity or intelligence doing it. That is the hypothesis. However, we do not know how this has happened. It is not an easy matter. It is an unbelievably complex matter. We do not know yet.


Admit it. Sometimes science is faith based.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 18, 2012 - 03:03am PT
but we don't know the answer to abiogenesis.
correct that we don't know the answer, but we know a lot about this...

further, this becomes the crux only after we know about evolution, since evolution naturally sets up the issue of the origin of life.

we can still work towards the answer. Newton hypothesized that gravity was due to some force which acted at a distance between bodies. He didn't know what transmitted the force over that distance, and he famously punted: hypothesis non fingo. Yet we know now how gravity is transmitted... it was not a question of faith so much as an unfolding understanding of the world.

The origin of life has yet to be conclusively figured out, but we're still working on it... what wonderful times.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 18, 2012 - 04:14am PT
Klimmer

Your words "science is faith based" are confused and unclear.

Science works this way when scientific method is applied as it should be:
 Someone has a theory meant to explain some phenomenon
 The theory is broken down into a set of hypothesises
 The hypothesises are broken down into some predicted observations that can be tested
 A set of observations are made
 The result is either that the observations made are in accordance with the predictions made from the hypothesises or not
 If the observations are in accordance with predictions made from the hypothesises then the hypothesises are strengthened and the theory is strengthened
 If some hypothesises based on the theory are strengthened and some are not, then there is a problem either with the hypothesises or with the theory and they have to be put aside or refined and retested to see if observations are now in accordance with the refined hypothesises. If so the hypothesises are strengthened.
 If the observations are not in accordance with the predictions made from the hypothesises based on the theory, then the whole theory should be reconsidered.

Some "scientists" have a religious faith and mix their religious beliefs into their "science", some "scientists" are manipulative and are salesmen doing their best to produce a desired result. What these people are doing is not science. They are off on their own manipulative trip. Sometimes there is hybris within the scientific community. But a scientist saying that in ten or fifty years we can produce a human being bottom-up, that is not science, not theory, not hypothesis. At present that's just speculative thinking from an eccentric and attentionseeking mind. Neither is visionary thinking scientific thinking.
BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 18, 2012 - 12:10pm PT
You guys are making this a philosophy matter. It isn't.

The fossil record is as real and blatant as the blue sky.

Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 18, 2012 - 12:48pm PT
BASE104

the fossil record is an observation that provides a constraint to the various explanations of how it got there... it doesn't "prove" anything, though any "theory" that discusses the distribution of species in time and space must demonstrate consistency with the fossil record in order to be considered viable.

that's not a philosophical matter, it's a science matter.

Darwin's initial discussion took place during a time when there was a lot less known about the fossil record. His hypothesis of "gradualism," that evolutionary changes take place over a long time was challenged by the detailed study of the fossil record, greatly expanded. In 1971 Gould presented his work on the Paleozic trilobites and started to try to understand the implication of the time distribution of these fossils. This resulted in the ideas of punctuated equilibrium (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punctuated_evolution); .

However, if you propose a "theory" such as the universe was created 4,000 years ago, that explains the existence of the fossil record too, it was put there by the creator.

The existence of the fossil record is consistent with both "theories."

Now in the case of evolution, the existence and details of the fossil record is a consequence of the theory, where as in the creation theory it exists "by construction," which is to say, we state it to be without any further explanation. It is an "aesthetic" of science that we desire theories which have "the fewest parts" to explain the greatest number of observation, this evolution does. Creationism, on the other hand, basically explains nothing and actually predicts no new observations... it isn't a very useful means of understanding how the world works.

But on the matter of which theory is correct, the fossil record is silent.
dindolino32

climber
omaha, ne
Feb 18, 2012 - 01:25pm PT
Teach it like this... Evolution is a theory... just like electricity and gravity. Teach the definition of a theory. THEN teach the true definition of evolution; change in population over time. Give an example of the Darwin's finches beaks changing over time. Tell the students that evolution has no religious implications for purpose of life. If you are in a rural area, talk about how the deer population is getting smaller (in actual size) (a typical deer went from 100lbs to 75lbs) because hunters are selectively killing the big ones. I read a news article a long time ago about this. Tell them that this is a perfect example of how populations change in an area, due to our selection. It really is only arguable if the definitions are unclear and you are arguing with someone that implies the monkey to human= evolution.
dindolino32

climber
omaha, ne
Feb 18, 2012 - 01:27pm PT
Klimmer is an example of a person that doesn't know the definition of evolution. "Ground up" is not even a part of evolution. Evolution has no implications for the beginning of life. He should take your science class
BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 18, 2012 - 03:56pm PT
Ed,

I am not that simple. I am just making a simple statement of fact.

Every method of dating of not only the ages of rocks, but also their paleomagnetic signature of where they were in latitutude, their direct correlations in seperate continents, is entirely consistent with a very old earth.

The fossil record is obvious.

Astronomy is also consistent with a vastly old universe.

To believe is to take something on faith. These are not matters of belief. This is empirical evidence.

The only reason that many people try to dismiss it is because it conflicts with many myths.

If the Earth is indeed 4000 years old, God has been playing a terrible hoax on us.

Right now I am in the middle of a big paleozoic petrophysics and stratigraphy group. Very old rocks. In my project there are Hindus and Christians and agnostics and atheists, and I don't even know most of the worker bees involved in the project. Every day I do subsurface cross sections using geophysical well logs, putting the story together. It is really fun. After a while, the story begins to emerge.

Not once does any creation myth come up. It is far too complicated to explain the deep past in a paragraph or chapter. I suppose that is why many geologists feel quite free to retain their religion in the face of a rock record that is more fantastic than almost anyone realizes.

No creation myth is vast enough to explain everything. All of the creation stories are just way too simplistic. That is why I think that either they were written by men, a long time ago, or God just made it simple so we don't get confused.

And all of the processes are actually pretty simple. It just takes a long time to do.

As for the beginning of life, I have a lot to do without worrying why or how. Their is an entire discipline dedicated to that. Unfortunately, nobody on the taco knows much about that. We all google up our arguments.

There are a lot of amazing minds here, but not enough to cover everything.



BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 18, 2012 - 04:11pm PT
Some cool things. This one series of carbonate rocks that I am dissecting right now is pretty complicated.

When a bit drills an 8 inch hole in the ground, the samples you get back are pretty small. Usually about the size of a grain of rice. If you want to see the whole rock, you have to take a core, which is very expensive. You have to trip all of the pipe out and replace the normal bit with a diamond core bit and barrel. The bit looks kind of like a donut, and will cut a cylindrical core through the rock. It is a very slow process, so cores are actually pretty rare.

So from the logs and sample descriptions of old wells, we know that this is almost all chert. Chert is what you would call flint. So we already know the porosity and permeability and lithology. We just need to see the picture, and a core is kind of like a roadcut.

Normal drill cuttings are good enough for any decent wellsite geologist to be able to tell exactly what strata they are drilling in, but sometimes you need a really good snapshot.

Anyway, a few weeks ago we cut a core in an area on the fringes of my work area, but of equivalent age to what I was working 150 miles away. I came in late and 8 of us piled into a car in the pouring rain to go look at the core over at the petrophysics building. Most of them had already looked at it, but they were all stoked and wanted to show me.

It was really cool. Totally changed how we looked at that rock. I would tell you, but unfortunately, we don't get to publish very often.

I will say that anyone who had said dogmatically that it was Noah's great flood that we were looking at would have probably been fired by the team leader who is an extremely religious christian. It wasn't a flood deposit.

It wasn't anything earth shattering, but it was very cool to see what was going on at that point in time. We were the first people to see this. Ever.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 18, 2012 - 04:14pm PT
on Wikipedia and arguments...
I use it because it is generally a convenient reference, I do read the article first to make sure it jibes with my understanding, but it is far more accessible and less intimidating than saying something like: "read Schrödinger's What Is Life?" while it is on my bookshelf, I doubt you would find it on the bookshelf of your local library... and for some reason, Wikipedia appears a less intimidating alternative to doing the work of digging through the literature.

Where I do link to references to the literature, I doubt that many actually read those articles...

BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 18, 2012 - 04:33pm PT
Yeah, I know where you are coming from Ed, but I find no room for philosophy when it comes to the fantastic history of the Earth and the Universe.

There is just so much to unravel, and as I said above, most of the processes are not that earth shattering. They just take a lot of time.

As to spiritual significance, I can't see anything like that. Every now and then something will make my jaw drop, though.

Like that core. We were the first human beings to look at that rock at that geographical place. It is like opening a present or something. Very exciting.

Actually, I Google the crap out of stuff, and Wiki is pretty darn good.

I see a reference to a paper and go Google it up. You know how that goes. One paper leads to another and you read your way through an exciting path.

The thing that most people don't see is the arm waving "what if" kind of discussions. They go on all of the time. There is this super mind guy that just popped into my office yesterday and started asking me questions that I couldn't answer. Then I got him to explain what he was after, and it ended up in this two hour long session going from office to office.

It was a very interesting idea. It had absolutely no relevance to finding oil, but it was fun. He said, "Hey smart guy, what does blah have to do with blah, and what is the correct definition of this blah that I just dug up in a buried paper."

He needed to go grab the closest person to start bouncing ideas around with so that he could coherently develop his idea. We went from this rock in this area to this rock in that area and were pondering all sorts of goofy stuff.

That is fun. That is how things get done.

And looking at that core, and what an unexpected setting it represented, was cool. We were the first human beings to look at it.

Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 18, 2012 - 04:59pm PT
In reference to Dr. Frankenstein "creating" life, one CalTec prof Dr. Baltimore said:

“He has not created life, only mimicked it."

Sort of like a computer mimicking consciousness, mistaking data processing for "mind."

Like I said, those certain that "life" will soon be created in a lab, or conscience in a computer, back channel me about some pretty attractive land deals I have worked up.

JL

BASE104

climber
An Oil Field
Feb 18, 2012 - 05:19pm PT
I don't understand how you can be so permanently pessimistic about some topics, JL.

If you were born in 1850 and were transported to the present, you would feel pretty out of place and amazed. Both good and bad.

The thing about evolution that bothers me, is that with modern medicine and food production, the human race is really no longer constrained by the simple rule of natural selection.

That is why anyone can reproduce, and does at an alarming rate. There are now more than 6 billion people on the planet. When I was born, it was 3 billion.

For a really funny send up on that fact, go watch the movie "Idiocracy."

Anyway, I am proud to come from a tree shrew.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 18, 2012 - 05:27pm PT
I'm not pessimistic, I'm simply pointing out that Venter and other entreprenuers are talking huge but in fact they're not remotely close to "creating" life. The crafty manipulation of existing life is what modern medicine is all about. Creating life, from scratch, is a TOTALLY different ball game. To wit:


But this isn't really a new life form, says Jim Collins, a synthetic biologist at Boston University. "Its genome is a stitched-together copy of the DNA of an organism that exists in nature."

Collins says Venter has created something remarkable, but it's not creating life.

"We don't even remotely know enough biology to create or synthesize life," says Collins. "I think we're far removed from understanding how [you would] build a truly artificial genome from scratch."



Don't hold your breath for anyone to "create" stem cells (generic "life") anytime soon, say those in the know. Like cold fusion, it's been "en years away" for going on a century.

But Frankenstein has been the promise and dream of mad scientists for ages. And I gots me some land on Mars for them all so call anytime, day or night.

JL
WBraun

climber
Feb 18, 2012 - 05:31pm PT
Yeah it's not happening ever.

Their deluded claims of laboratory dreams.

Life comes from life, it's already there.

Scientists are deluded thinking they can create life.

You can't created something that is already there.

Life is always there, eternally.

"In the future we may do it" is what they always say.

Life is right there in front of them and they have no clue how it works.

They have no clue of the soul, the real missing link.

And still one can "observe experiment, to find the soul.

But not with modern sciences defective material instruments.

Mimi

climber
Feb 18, 2012 - 06:07pm PT
It is usually very difficult to teach evolutionary biology to any age group because most people aren't educated enough to truly understand. Most people lack a proper education in certain fundamentals of biology, i.e., biochem, genetics, cell phys, evolution, ecosystems, sociobiology, statistics, etc. etc. Not to say most smart people don't generally grasp it with only a highschool junior's biology training but there are many misconceptions. This ignorance, I believe, is why many people reject it and are threatened by it.

Stick to the fundamentals; don't assume the kids already have a good understanding of what evolution is. Start with the building blocks of the theory. Check out E.O. Wilson, and John Alcock, one of his students that I had the privilege to study under at AZ State.
Klimmer

Mountain climber
San Diego
Feb 18, 2012 - 09:15pm PT
Let's play devil's advocate . . .


Let's say that modern man does indeed figure out how to create life from non-living matter and works out all the excruciating detailed steps in a controlled science laboratory.

Do you not get the fact then, that man would have guided, controlled, manipulated, and intelligently designed life? It then didn't happen in the science lab by random chance, or accident, but was made to happen with absolute purposeful actions, organized and put together, and made to work by an intelligent Home sapien being. It didn't evolve on its own. It was made to happen.

Honestly, I don't think this is ever gonna happen completely. We might figure out a step or 2 in controlled laboratory conditions only. But, from the ground-up using non-living organic molecules and going through all the complicated steps to make life I don't see that ever happening.

That is the Realm of GOD. Where is the breath of life? Where is the soul???



I agree with JL. Someone better man-up and buy that land he has on Mars. He's hot to sell it.
splitter

Trad climber
Hodad surfing the galactic plane
Feb 18, 2012 - 09:46pm PT
Ashes to ashes, dust to dust!
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 18, 2012 - 11:27pm PT
Science Will create a form of life in the future, I think it will happen during our lifetime.


Dood, if you don't fancy the parcels on Mars, I got a few lots on Venus I'll let go cheap.

JL
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 18, 2012 - 11:28pm PT
Science Will create a form of life in the future, I think it will happen during our lifetime.


Dood, if you don't fancy the parcels on Mars, I got a few lots on Venus I'll let go cheap.

JL
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 19, 2012 - 01:24am PT
However, if you propose a "theory" such as the universe was created 4,000 years ago, that explains the existence of the fossil record too, it was put there by the creator.

The existence of the fossil record is consistent with both "theories."


I think this is a misunderstanding of the religious argument which says that everything was created once and for all and then all life except Noah and the animals in his boat were wiped out sometime in the past 4,000 years. Even then, one is stretched to explain where all the bacteria and fungi came from that obviously Noah didn't put on his boat or nothing would have survived.


The fossil record by contrast, shows continuous micro evolution within geological epochs punctuated by mass extinctions. Even in the mass extinctions there is no sign of a world wide flood and there has been more than one mass extinction. There is no way, that the Biblical version can be reconciled with the fossil record, let alone human embryology.

That's why I tell my students that there is still plenty of room for God in both cosmology and human life, but evolution is a fact as revealed in the fossil record. The interesting thing is that Genesis did get the right order in which animals appeared on this planet, saying that fish were created before mammals and so on.

Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 19, 2012 - 01:37am PT
Speaking of creation stories, another thing I do when teaching evolution is borrow from cultural anthropology as well, to give the students some perspective on the western creation account.

On the issue of time and the age of the earth, I love the Hindu perspective and find it much more accurate as do my students.

Imagine a raven flies from India to Tibet and back every thousand years. On the return trip, he takes a beak full of soil from a Himalayan mountain top and deposits it on the flat plain of India. When the Himalayan mountains are as flat as the Gangetic plain, through this method, then humans will understand what one day is in the mind of God.

Then there are the incarnations of Vishnu. He appeared first on the earth as a fish, then a turtle, a wild boar, and eventually as each of the major ethnic groups in India - tribal, Dravidian, and Indo European including Ram, Krishna, and Buddha, each of whom represent a different level of religious understanding. Needless to say, there is no problem among educated Buddhists and Hindus with the theory of evolution.
Klimmer

Mountain climber
San Diego
Feb 19, 2012 - 02:34am PT
That's why I tell my students that there is still plenty of room for God in both cosmology and human life, but evolution is a fact as revealed in the fossil record. The interesting thing is that Genesis did get the right order in which animals appeared on this planet, saying that fish were created before mammals and so on.


Jan,


You have to read PhD Gerald Schroeder's book:

http://www.geraldschroeder.com/About.aspx

http://www.geraldschroeder.com/ScienceGod.aspx

The Science of God: The Convergence of Scientific and Biblical Wisdom [Paperback] Gerald L. Schroeder (Author) http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/076790303X/ref=olp_product_details?ie=UTF8&me=&seller=





Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 19, 2012 - 08:41am PT
Thanks Klimmer, it looks like it could be an interesting book.
However, I have no need to try to reconcile Genesis with evolution other than
to get my students to think in new and different ways which will hopefully
make them more receptive to the ideas of evolution.

The fact that my course counts for social science rather than biology credit
and that I am already well known for teaching courses on comparative religion,
gives me more leeway than if I was teaching in a science department in a more
traditional setting.
Klimmer

Mountain climber
San Diego
Feb 19, 2012 - 11:04am PT
Dr. F,

You really don't know your history of Archeology and Biblical Archeology.

As time goes on these fields of study validate the Bible time and time again.

Also the Jewish historian Josephus tells us the Bible was accurate and told the truth.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephus_on_Jesus

The star of Bethlehem was the conjunction of Jupiter, Venus, and Regulus. And it happened not once but like 3 times when key significant events occurred. We know this. We can use Kepler's laws of Planetary motion and know exactly when this happened. You can see it all go down as it happened using the computer program "Starry Night."


http://www.supertopo.com/climbing/thread.php?topic_id=1703849&msg=1704681#msg1704681

What was the Star of Bethlehem?
http://askelm.com/video/real/xmas_star.htm

http://www.bethlehemstar.net/


We know when Jesus Christ, Emmanuel, "GOD with Us," came to Earth to be with us for 30 - 33 years or so. We know the date. We know the timing. It was recorded in the night sky for all eternity.

With Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion and Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation we know precisely when "The Royal Conjunction of Jupiter, Venus, and Regulus" occurred using software such as "Starry Night" on a computer laptop.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 19, 2012 - 11:08am PT
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 19, 2012 - 12:35pm PT
For all those back-channeling me about being ignorant per the majesty of evolution, no need. The seeming mechanical process of things moving toward complexity from lower forms is astonishing and well established.

My only contention here is what I have said all along re most of these interesting topics - people seem not to appreciate the massive qualitative differences between things. The most grievous example include the screwy idea that mechanical processing and "mind" or consciousness are the same thing.

In this discussion, we have some insisting, in so many words, that "life" is in fact a strictly mechanical production consisting, at bottom, of no more than the correct combination of relevant parts. IE - Life and the parts (processing) are the same thing, that life issues directly from said parts and only those parts, and that an especially savy scientist, if he or she only had the right recipe (data), and the really fancy machines, they too could simply "create" life, absolutely and totally from scratch (from inorganic elements). That is, life is simply the product of the right combination of parts - sort of like an erector set, or a Dodge Dart. And now man himself will be the designer, assembly line, and so forth. Ain't it grand.

I'm laughing out loud at this whopper not to be an modern incarnation of Scopes, but to point out that even Dr. Victor Frankenstein knew that the parts alone - filched from various sources - could not simply be assembled into a living "Frank," as it were, that a bolt of lightning is required.

That land on Mars is reserved to those insisting that said lightning is needless, that's it's just the parts.

Still have a few lots left but they're going fast. So let's talk...

JL

BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 19, 2012 - 03:43pm PT
I will put forth an interesting fact. If I am incorrect, somebody correct me.

Life began pretty quickly on this planet. After things settled down from the traumatic formation of the solar system, you find simple life forms in the rock record.

So, given the correct chemical conditions, is it easy for life to begin?

I sort of assumed that it was, given enough time. All you need is a self replicating molecule to get things going.

So if it is so easy to get going, has it happened more than once?

I asked my famous friend that once. He said no. All life on Earth shares a universal genome. That implicates a single common ancestor.

So that is interesting. Maybe Mimi knows more about the common genetics of life. She is wicked smart on that topic.
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Feb 19, 2012 - 03:47pm PT
Life began pretty quickly on this planet.

Doesn't it depend on how you define "pretty quickly"? It seems to mean plus or minus several tens if not hundreds of millions of years, although it seems possible that life evolved several times, and was wiped out, e.g. in the late heavy bombardment, or that it evolved in parallel. But yes, unicellular life seems to have arisen fairly quickly - the real challenge seems to have been getting to multicellular life.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 19, 2012 - 11:52pm PT
I read a bunch of other stuff about the origin of life. What's remarkable it that as hard a time as very skilled scientists are having trying to cook up membranes and so forth, think how amazing it is that this apparently happened ("spontaneously" - which has no real explanation) on its own, by accident or fluke or fortuitous happenstance. A variation on the Victor Frankenstein lightning bolt is a popular notion that volcanoes played a part in the origin of life. The instant inorganic matter became life has to be one of the most singular flashes in creation.

JL
WBraun

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 12:14am PT
Chance they say.

All this sh!t happened by chance they say.

But not one climber ever wants to put their life to chance .....

There's tons more, but I can only write 3 sentences at a time before I get bored .....
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 20, 2012 - 09:08am PT
How did go-B come into being?
WBraun

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 11:25am PT
DMT -- "So what is it?"

Largo is saying that the theory "Life comes from matter is a crock of sh!t"

One has to be retarded to believe that life comes from matter ....
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 20, 2012 - 11:45am PT
Hmmm. This is a pretty typical american attitude.

When I say that it happened quickly, I mean within a billion years after things cooled off. Most of us have seen the stromatolites from Australia as an early example.

Sorry. I think in geologic time. My wife is always making fun of me about that. A million years is a blink of the eye.

Replies like "Retarded" or "Buy some land on Mars" are really not a discussion. That is just childish name calling. No need for that. I have plenty of respect for others and I assume others should do that as well.

Werner: There was this route that I could never pull the crux on. It was really goofy and involved smearing on this dime edge and letting fly to get a jug. After Fire's came out I started pulling it off about 1/2 to 3/4 of the time. One day I was over there with some buddies, did it with a rope and then came down and soloed it. I dunno if it has been soloed since. The move is that insecure. It was only 5.11, but it was a totally dicey move.

Kinda crazy. Even after that I had about a 75% success rate, if that. I had done the route that many times. So I used to roll the dice when I was young and thought I would live forever. The landing was totally heinous.

So yeah. Climbers roll the dice sometimes.
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Feb 20, 2012 - 11:46am PT
My gramm was 100% Swedish, Johnson, Jag älskar dig!
WBraun

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 11:48am PT
scientists think they are the verge of creating life from matter.

Thinking means guessing, speculating, theory, hypothesis, believing, and faith.

Matter is not life.

It's not gonna happen ever ....
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 20, 2012 - 11:50am PT
http://news.yahoo.com/education-solve-religion-science-conflicts-scientist-223947792.html

A newsflash on the topic of teaching evolution in the U.S.

Look on the bright side! We are better than Turkey!

BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 20, 2012 - 12:14pm PT
Werner.

I posted earlier about how we toss ideas off of each other. It happened to me the other day. Probably the smartest geologist in the group plopped in on my office and started asking me these wild questions. I admitted that i didn't know the answer.

He just had an idea pop into his head and nabbed the closest geologist down the hall to bounce this idea off of. A lot of this happens.

There was something about this one area that was super strange. It ended up being a good hour or two walking around looking at maps and pulling data and arm waving. That stuff goes on all of the time.

It gets formal when you publish. Lots of times there will be a talk where a new idea is tossed out. It is good to find holes in an idea before investing a ton of your time on it.

That is what is going on with guesses about where science will be in the future. Those are just guesses. They don't mean much.

Me? I do my thing over in what I know. I let the biochemists go play with what they know. I see no reason to say that it is impossible to create life, but as a practical matter, companies like Monsanto have been tinkering with DNA for twenty years. They can take a gene from one organism and put it in corn DNA to make it more insect resistant or whatever.

And you know what is happening? Insects and crop diseases genetically adapt and become resistant very quickly.

So playing Frankenstein is already going on, albeit with living tissue.

It is only a matter of time until this knowledge is used on humans, and those decisions will not be made by scientists. It will be made by businessmen.

It probably won't happen in the U.S., but it will happen in some other country.

There is a great sci-fi movie called "Gattica." It is a very well made film, and ponders that very issue.
WBraun

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 12:24pm PT
Evolution is established bonafide fact, Base 104.

Life comes from matter is false, and this is mistake is due to poor fund of knowledge of the what "life" really is.

Life comes from life.

Use science for this and leave out all religion ......

BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 20, 2012 - 12:40pm PT
Sure, every single living organism that we have seen has arisen from parent(s).

I am just saying that someday it may be possible to engineer something that qualifies as life. Just defining what life is is difficult. It would have to be something very simple. Right now it is easy to engineer life and make it into something totally unnatural. Kind of spooky.

Look at Mad Cow Disease. It doesn't come from a living bacteria or virus. It comes from these weird proteins called "Prions." Catch it, and you die a horrible death.

Viruses, at least when I studied biology, fall into a really gray area. They sit around and do nothing until they come in contact with a living cell and hijack its DNA. So calling a virus life is stretching the definition. You sure think it is alive when you catch the flu, though.

But so far you are entirely correct about creating life. Even heavily engineered DNA needs to be inserted into a living cell.

Prions are pretty wild. The wiki page is really good.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prion
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 20, 2012 - 12:43pm PT
Read this. It is short and was written today or yesterday:

http://news.yahoo.com/education-solve-religion-science-conflicts-scientist-223947792.html
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 20, 2012 - 01:19pm PT
HEY!! That avatar was Andre The Giant, the greatest Championship Wrestler of all time!

I am one of his posse. Even though he is dead.

As for Werner, he isn't stupid. Sure he is dogmatic, but I really don't think it is totally driven by faith. Not like Rick Santorum.

This is what really scares me. Rick Santorum becoming president and putting a bunch of Pat Robertson clones on the Supreme Court.

Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 20, 2012 - 01:21pm PT
Psalm 111:10 The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom; all who follow his precepts have good understanding. To him belongs eternal praise.

Proverbs 9:10 The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom, And the knowledge of the Holy One is understanding.


way to contribute, Gobee!
WBraun

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 01:24pm PT
Which according to him, is a delusion.


Like I've always maintained and established as bonafide fact that YOU Dr F always make up sh!t.

I've never ever said anything that. "The outside world is a delusion."

I've always said and maintained that the material world is real although temporary.

This is why you are a terrible scientist, and that is a bonafide fact.
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Feb 20, 2012 - 01:42pm PT
Thx Norton!
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 20, 2012 - 02:17pm PT
Largo
You are so wrong about the Beginning of life
You just spun it to make it unbelievable, so you can justify your unbelievable magic
Your propaganda about the beginning of life sounds more like from a Christian than a sound understanding of reality.


What, exactly, are you talking about, Craig? What "unbelievable" claim have I made about the beginning of life? What propaganda are you referring to, specifically?

It's you guys who keep telling us that the new incarnation of Dr. Frankenstein is just around the bend that he will cook up life from scratch in no time.

To this I have simply said a few things. First, that Victor Frankenstein apparently believed that life was basically a collection of parts, or ingredients, and that if properly blended, life would naturally emerge.

Meaning that life was itself no more than, and emerged entirely from, it's material bits.

I'm not saying this is not so. I'm simply laying the implication out there. That a materialist believes that life springs entirely from matter and only matter.

But Victor Frankenstein believed that the parts were not enough. He needed the lightning bolt to activate the matter. The new Victor Frankensteins - the ones we keep hearing about who are are the verge of creating life - apparently believe there is no need for the lightning. Just get the recipe right and as as Craig says, Nature will do all of it on it's own.

So far so good, correct? I make no contention with these claims.

Next, it is the materialists that insist that the only real and valid truths are material truths that can be measured and tested. Fair enough. Lets go with that as our criteria for what is real and what is horsesh#t.

We can measure nutrinos now. We can observe things on astonishingly small and large scales. So if matter becomes life, and if matter becomes conscious, as the matrialists claim and insist, and if we can measure and observe just about anything, kindly point out one instance, in time and space, where inorganic matter has been directly observed becoming "life" ("It's Alive!), and where matter has been observed becoming conscious. Since life and consciousness are so obvious in Nature, and since both are said to spring directly from matter, this transition from inorganic matter to "life" and consciousness should be rife and observable in nature - lest the claim, by the materialiits own criteria, is - what, exactly?

JL
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 20, 2012 - 02:45pm PT
That a materialist believes that life springs entirely from matter and only matter.

You called? ;)
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 20, 2012 - 02:55pm PT
I read a bunch of other stuff about the origin of life. What's remarkable it that as hard a time as very skilled scientists are having trying to cook up membranes and so forth, think how amazing it is that this apparently happened ("spontaneously" - which has no real explanation) on its own, by accident or fluke or fortuitous happenstance. A variation on the Victor Frankenstein lightning bolt is a popular notion that volcanoes played a part in the origin of life. The instant inorganic matter became life has to be one of the most singular flashes in creation.

This is what I was talking about
Its Pure BS
Scientists never said any of these things


You silly rabbit, Craig. I'm a pro writer. You think I don't know how to research stuff, and that I fumble my info.

Scientists never say any of these things, you say? Dig it, dude:


The following is from Scientific America:

The Origin of Life: A new analysis suggests lightning and volcanoes helped make life possible. David Biello reports.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=the-origin-of-life-11-03-27
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 20, 2012 - 03:21pm PT
[quote]The Origin of Life: A new analysis suggests lightning and volcanoes helped make life possible. David Biello reports.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=the-origin-of-life-11-03-27[/quote]


I read that article, and had no problem with the scientific method behind it.


Dr F, what specifically in the article does your science refute?
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Feb 20, 2012 - 03:56pm PT
But you have to admit it was funny for John to call Craig a silly rabbit. I wonder what Craig's snappy comeback will be?
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 20, 2012 - 04:00pm PT
Schrödinger writes in his book:

"The large and important and very much discussed question is:
How can the events in space and time which take place within the spatial boundaries of a living organism be accounted for by physics and chemistry?

The preliminary answer which this little book will endeavour to expound and establish can be summarized as follows:
The obvious inability of present-day physics and chemistry to account for such events is no reason at all for doubting that they can be accounted for by those sciences."

p3 What is Life?
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 20, 2012 - 04:13pm PT
The preliminary answer which this little book will endeavour to expound and establish can be summarized as follows:
The obvious inability of present-day physics and chemistry to account for such events is no reason at all for doubting that they can be accounted for by those sciences."

"present day physics"

thank you, Ed

maybe in the future
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 20, 2012 - 04:36pm PT
ah, thanks Riley

will read your link now
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 20, 2012 - 04:37pm PT
Wiley, you've lost your way. Name one place where I have offered any interpretation of evolution. I had to read ALL of de Chardin's stuff in grad school, and about every other evolutionist since so I can appreciate the incredible time needed for things to gestate.

I'm simply pointing out the irony of insisting that true knowledge must be based on physical observations, and the fact that we cannot observe matter becoming life or matter becoming conscious in the feral and natural world.

Craig insists that "creating" living membranes is easy. Then we should easily be able to see and document the moment that the inorganic becomes organic.

I think what Riley is suggesting is that it takes incredible amounts of time for complex organisms to arise from simple enzimes and proteins and so forth. But somewhere, at the most fundamental stage, the inorganic MUST become the organic or the causal claim of materialists breaks down since matter cannot be demonstrated to "create" life.

My sense of this is that there are a billion intermediate stages between a rock, say, and Craig's brainpan. And that the rock did not through natural selection and a gazillion years, "create Craig's bean, that his brain, and every intermediate step, is in some way embedded or is a native property of everything else. Boehm's implicate order was a flop in the end but it may turn out that quantifying and differentiating are themselves merely derivititive aspects of that illusive "one thing."

I've always though that at the bottom, these discussions are really about causation. And when the borders blur, that subject becomes very odd and interesting.
JL
WBraun

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 04:44pm PT
Dr F -- "The membrane science is the easiest part of making new life."

You haven't even made any life yet.

It should be worded trying to make new life.

As usual making up sh!t again.

Terrible scientist ....
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 20, 2012 - 04:44pm PT
Largo

How did you come into being?
How do you explain sexual reproduction and the mechanisms behind?
Non-physical?
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:05pm PT
Dr.F
As long as a human being has still not been built bottom up in a laboratory, the thought of doing so is still a vision, still speculative thinking, and not science.

When it comes to Largo's usual two-point rap we agree.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:14pm PT
Dr.F

In my view science is about what is and not about what will probably be. Even though the visions and thoughts about what will be within a scientific community have a very much higher probability of becoming reality than strange religious speculations about a returning God or aliens arriving by UFO.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:19pm PT
Largo's massive stubbornness and unwillingness to give up on God's Magic


Where have you ever seen me mention "God's magic?" Or use the word God in relation to evolution. Use that rock on your shoulders.

You guys keep yammering about Frank "making" life in the lab - "from scratch." Fine. Where? Show us. And I'm stubborn and doing a two-step for asking the question.

Or asking how matter becomes conscious, and pointing out the spectacular qualititative difference between objective functioning and sentience. I never dragged God into this. Seems crowded enough as is.

Many, those are the most basic questions of them all.

JL
WBraun

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:23pm PT
Largo -- "Or use the word God in relation to evolution."

That's Dr F making up sh!t again as usual .....

Terrible scientist.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:25pm PT
There you go Largo, there you go... and choirboy WBraun... ;o)
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:28pm PT
after a long discussion with Largo on the What is "Mind"? thread and now having the issues of "causality" pop up here in a discussion of "what is life" and re-reading Schrödinger, it is interesting to re-cast the question and propose a view point (though not an answer).

I am not sure what Largo means by "causality" exactly... what he has in mind is a connection of events each inducing the next. His main point is that this cannot explain life (or mind).

Depending on what he takes as the "causative" agent starts to make sense of his argument. If we take that causative to be some dynamical law of nature, "dynamical" meaning the "motion" due to some "force" (think F=ma) we can demonstrate that Largo is correct in his assertion. For all these dynamical forces so reduced to their elemental events are reversible, that is, they occur going forward in time and the whole causal chain, based on such interactions, works backward in time too.

This is counter to our experience that life, among many other things, are irreversible.

Schrödinger writes: "I remember an interesting little paper by Max Planck on the topic 'The Dynamical and Statistical Type of Law' ('Dynamische und Statistische Gesetzmässigkeit'). The distinction being precisely the one we have here labeeled as 'order from order' and 'order from disorder'. The object of that paper was to show how the interesting statistical type law, controlling large-scale events, is constituted from the 'dynamical' laws supposed to govern the small-scale events, the interaction of single atoms and molecules. The later type is illustrated by the large-scale mechanical phenomena, as the motion of the planets or of a clock, etc."

Schrödinger takes this in another direction and doesn't expand on Planck's ideas, but statistical laws are not reversible... and they would be the type we might be interested in studying irreversible phenomena, such as life.

In particular, the concept of causality in Largo's invocation of it vanishes, but the fact that the system exhibiting this behavior is purely "mechanistic." While the ideas are technically difficult to deal with, they are a part of physics, established since the middle of the 19th century. Statistical mechanics, at finite temperature, is not something that has entered the popular domain, however, and the ideas are foreign to non-technical readers, even the most basic ideas.

Unfortunately (and surprisingly) there is no Wikipedia page to link to, but if you read
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_mechanics

The basic issues are hinted at in the article on "non-equilibrium thermodynamics"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-equilibrium_thermodynamics
where the definition of entropy in a non-equilibrium system problematic. While "entropy" is a definable quantity in equilibrium, its definition sets the course of the statistical mechanics you derive... and Planck points out another definition that ends up with a different statistical mechanics... (coarsely speaking).

In all these systems, the concept of event-by-event causal chains are completely given up. The "causality" of the underlying dynamics is not necessary in the description of the physical systems, and no need is found to resort to some additional "property" of the systems in order to explain the behavior.

Largo's proposal is that matter has some fundamental property related to the attribute of "life" or "mind," due to the lack of ability to show a mechanistic causal relationship that, taking a bag of cells, creates "mind" or a bag of amino acids creates "life." He has not explored alternative explanations of phenomena based on these "non-equilibrium" or "finite temperature" or "statistical law" ideas which are still very much in development in physics.
cowpoke

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:39pm PT
sorry to interrupt discussions of causality and mind, but some more resources for teaching evolution

a nice interactive report from NSF: http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/darwin/

and the 15 evolutionary gems from Nature: http://www.nature.com/nature/newspdf/evolutiongems.pdf which provides...
a succinct briefing on why evolution by natural selection is an empirically validated principle is useful for people
to have to hand. We offer here 15 examples published by Nature over the past decade or so to illustrate the breadth, depth and power of evolutionary thinking.


also, thought the following statement (link below) from the National Academies (National Academy of Science, National Academy of Engineering, Institute of Medicine, and National Research Council) might interest some...

Compatibility of Science and Religion

Science is not the only way of knowing and understanding. But science is a way of knowing that differs from other ways in its dependence on empirical evidence and testable explanations. Because biological evolution accounts for events that are also central concerns of religion — including the origins of biological diversity and especially the origins of humans — evolution has been a contentious idea within society since it was first articulated by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in 1858.

Acceptance of the evidence for evolution can be compatible with religious faith. Today, many religious denominations accept that biological evolution has produced the diversity of living things over billions of years of Earth’s history. Many have issued statements observing that evolution and the tenets of their faiths are compatible. Scientists and theologians have written eloquently about their awe and wonder at the history of the universe and of life on this planet, explaining that they see no conflict between their faith in God and the evidence for evolution. Religious denominations that do not accept the occurrence of evolution tend to be those that believe in strictly literal interpretations of religious texts.

Science and religion are based on different aspects of human experience. In science, explanations must be based on evidence drawn from examining the natural world. Scientifically based observations or experiments that conflict with an explanation eventually must lead to modification or even abandonment of that explanation. Religious faith, in contrast, does not depend only on empirical evidence, is not necessarily modified in the face of conflicting evidence, and typically involves supernatural forces or entities. Because they are not a part of nature, supernatural entities cannot be investigated by science. In this sense, science and religion are separate and address aspects of human understanding in different ways. Attempts to pit science and religion against each other create controversy where none needs to exist.
http://nationalacademies.org/evolution/Compatibility.html
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:42pm PT
I think Largo is responding to the question of the OP author "what is life?"

a question different from evolution, but obviously relevant.
WBraun

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 05:55pm PT
Science is asking questions that haven't been answered, then studying them and coming up with an answer.

Science is observation and experiment.

The answer to how life was created has already been answered, It happened naturally on earth from a chemical process.

That's not the answer. It's still a hypothesis and theory.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 20, 2012 - 06:46pm PT
Dr.F
If I with science didn't only think of scientific method and the disclosure of what is within the physical and psychological world, but also added technology and the development of technology, I think we could possibly agree. Though I have a problem with your absolute certainity.

If I think of science as scientific method and the disclosure of what is I get a problem seeing as scientific that a human being will with absolute certainity be created bottom up in the laboratory in the future. I would see that as a technological vision.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 20, 2012 - 07:04pm PT
Largo, Its either or


No, it's not. That's the problem with our thinking IMO. There are a million shades of gray that we live in always. Where, for instance, does matter become conscious? At what stage? According to what criteria? When does this or that bag of protein become biological?

Ed said:

Largo's proposal is that matter has some fundamental property related to the attribute of "life" or "mind," due to the lack of ability to show a mechanistic causal relationship that, taking a bag of cells, creates "mind" or a bag of amino acids creates "life."


I think most biologists will say that RNA and DNA is the fundamental property or inherent propulsion or vector that organizes life, and that without the coding, matter would have no organizing propulsion. The idea that Nature simply "does this on its own," or organizes into life by accident, sans DNA or any other contributing factor, or keeps expanding and morphing and driving toward complexity is quite another issue than natural selection skimming off the cream by virtue of it's superior functioning, a process by which randomness dumps a near infinite variety of shite into the ballgame, so to speak, and that which catches and throws best, survives. Now did the fundamental components of the bucolic shite "create" the survivor, or the "power set," or did the environment evoke it by way of killing off all the other players? Are they the same?

Going on:

He has not explored alternative explanations of phenomena based on these "non-equilibrium" or "finite temperature" or "statistical law" ideas which are still very much in development in physics.

Aren't these more mechanistic models with a dash of randomness/chaos tossed in for garnish? Doesn't this stuff relate back to Pascal and the others?

JL
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 20, 2012 - 08:04pm PT
not Pascal, but understanding the behavior of a system of a huge number of smaller parts interacts together...

some of this we understand if the conditions are correct, e.g. "thermodynamic equilibrium" but we are still learning how to deal with systems of particles that are in non-equilibrium conditions.

The laws governing these systems may not be reducible to a simple set of underlying dynamical laws, which is what Planck was exploring in his paper. Schrödinger goes on to ask "What is the characteristic feature of life? When is a piece of matter said to be alive?" and he answers it along the lines of his very brief discussion: " When it goes on 'doing something', moving, exchanging material with its environment, and so forth, and that for a much longer period than we would expect an inanimate piece of matter to 'keep going' under similar circumstances."

This launches him into a discussion of entropy and of what the expectations of "inanimate" object behaviors as distinguished from animate object behaviors.

"Every process, event, happening - call it what you will; in a word, everything that is going on in Nature means an increase of the entropy of the part of the world where it is going on. Thus a living organism continually increases its entropy - and thus tends to approach the dangerous state of maximum entropy, which is death. It can only keep aloof from it, i.e. alive, by continually drawing from the environment negative entropy... the essential thing in metabolism is that the organism succeeds in freeing itself from all the entropy it cannot help to producing while alive."

This is problematic since it is possible that we cannot define entropy for a living system as we do so successfully for other, simpler systems.

However it is the set of chemical reactions which change the local entropy, decreasing the bits of the reaction's entropy while increasing the surrounding entropy which is at work here... what must happen for this to be possible is susceptible to scientific investigation... and is being investigated both experimentally and theoretically.

This will definitely require us to understand these complex systems much better than we do now, so yes, it will take new physics to understand life.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 20, 2012 - 08:11pm PT
ok, here is a paper that treats the question "what is life?" in a comprehensive survey of definitions

http://www.jbsdonline.com/mc_images/category/4313/4-trifonov_jbsd_29_2.pdf

an interesting read...

how about:

“Life is self-reproduction with variations”.

“Any system capable of replication and mutation is alive”.

Along these lines Darwin wrote:
“… if variations useful to any organic being ever do occur, assuredly individuals thus characterized will have the best chance of being preserved in the struggle for life; and from the strong principle of inheritance, these will tend to produce offspring similarly characterized”

healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 20, 2012 - 09:40pm PT
Ah, this certainly explains a lot on the mind thread. It's pretty clear some folks simply don't and will never accept:

a) the notion their life and mind are the result of completely random processes

and

b) that there aren't supernatural explanations for whatever science can't definitively answer right now, today.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 20, 2012 - 11:20pm PT
I have to wonder if the tendency is to get ahead of the game even at the beginning.

Craig talks about "once life got started, it was driven entirely by evolution." But that's a big "once." Such as, when was that "once" and what was involved?

Next quote: "It's an ever replicating code for proteins that divides and makes mistakes and divides and makes mistakes. Every once in a while that code creates some trait, physiological function, or anatomical function that adds to the complexity of life. It's utterly random and selected by the environment at that time. And the proof of it is everywhere and in everything.

From whence came said code, and how did it arise?

My sense of what Ed is driving at has to do with the acretion of things by way of random and chaotic subsets, above and beyond Newtonian, billiard ball causation. While seemingly undirected or predetermined from within (but what about the DNA helix) but coaxed this way of that by external factors and just plain odds, turbo charged by almost infinite cycling.

JL
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Feb 20, 2012 - 11:33pm PT
It's pretty clear some folks simply don't and will never accept:

a) the notion their life and mind are the result of completely random processes

Taking place over a very long period of time. I wonder if it's simply a failure of imagination, or fear of something so much larger than us?
dirtbag

climber
Feb 20, 2012 - 11:39pm PT
Evolution and You (or Why God Hated Esau)
(Obadiah) The rejection of God's revelation and the acceptance of the theory of evolution as a fact of science was the great delusion of the twentieth century. Pride is the attitude of those who declare their independence from God.



zzzzzzz...
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 21, 2012 - 12:23am PT
I think what Schrödinger was getting at was that the physical properties of physical systems, like life, may have a "fundamental" explanation in terms of "statistical laws" which we have not yet derived. His argument is very persuasive, and essentially rests with the lack of success in applying known principles to explaining life.

The lack of a single definition of life is really the key to the lack of understanding of what life is...

I certainly think that there is a physical explanation, but I don't think we understand enough yet to explain it... the solution may well be very strange to us.


healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 21, 2012 - 12:25am PT
And it is an insult to the science to say that life is a "result of completely random processes"

Dude, chill - everything about our galactic cluster is the result of a random number generator - ditto factors driving global mutation rates...
StahlBro

Trad climber
San Diego, CA
Feb 21, 2012 - 12:53am PT
So what is a "god"? Is He/She/It some grand puppet master with an ant farm introducing change for the hell of it to see what happens?

Manipulating 7 billion entities to what purpose? Some grand design we are incapable of understanding?

Some passion play to eventually lead us to liberation and satori? Life is painful and joyous. Every day is a wonder, or a trial. You have to be there and dive in to know which one it will be.

The point at which "life" reaches conception still alludes us. The purpose of that life is a source of continuing debate and pursuit. This is a good thing. It spurs us on. The end of life is a source of dread for some. Why? Because of the what we are leaving behind or what is ahead? If there is a conception, there must be an anti-conception.

Science offers a path to understanding the mechanics, but not the reason why. Or is purpose only a human construct because we can't deal with the here and now and the transience of existence?

There is physical evolution and experiential evolution. Physical evolution is a fact. There is a well documented series of observations that confirm it.

Experiential and spiritual evolution is more ephemeral and should be left to a different kind of understanding. I don't understand why some people believe the scientific method is the only way to understand everything. You have to use the right tool for any job. I don't believe the joy that comes from a good climb, a great ride or great surf session is all about the organization of matter. I could be wrong.

Anyway, the mechanics are now in place and the evolution of life is in motion. It is important to understand this as part of a general understanding of how we got here. The journey will continue.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 21, 2012 - 01:28am PT
...but not the reason why

Why does there need to be a reason? Is there a reason why inhabited planets are annihilated by asteroid hits, their suns running out of gas, or the neighborhood supernova going off.
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 21, 2012 - 03:36am PT
So this video seems to go through and address all the questions being asked in this thread. I think its a must see for all of you involved in the debate going on here and will help spur it along. The animated workings of the cell near he end is really cool.[Click to View YouTube Video]
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 21, 2012 - 03:41am PT
Follow that video with this one. Could the Earth have purpose in the universe and the plot really starts to thicken. [Click to View YouTube Video] This video is pretty cool. Lets hear what everyone thinks of these two videos.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 21, 2012 - 05:05am PT
The combination of 'irreducible complexity' and the 'anthropic principle' doesn't really make a stronger case for either one no matter how the Discovery Institute attempts to deploy them in support ID. If anything, the development of ever more sophisticated creationist tactics over the last 100 years by itself almost stands as a resolute tribute to evolution (not to mention a quick glance in the yellow pages under 'Churches' goes a long way in supporting speciation).
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 21, 2012 - 12:17pm PT
Schrödinger is a mathmaticial in so many ways so we can expect him to "explain" life in those terms, using the system he knew best. And a materialist will quite naturally look to physical explanations.

But there are some interesting paradoxes at play here.

Any viable biological explanation of "life" will insist that DNA and the earlier RNA (amongst others) are the "software of life," without which, matter does not organize in this (bullfrog) or that (Marlow's hat) way. This raises the question about where did said RNA/DNA come from. Perhaps it is in the nature of movement and existence that matter will form up into life simply through seemingly random statistical possibilities. And yet this randomness is itself a deep study insofar as folks are trying to plot the ways it unfolds in order to predict the next "random" move - meaning randomness itself is predictably random.

Gotta work . . .

JL
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 21, 2012 - 12:32pm PT
I've never seen even a remotely satisfying answer arise from religious study - not one. I certainly don't accept the creation story from a tiny society of desert camel jockeys from 4000 years ago,

Well this certainly sounds like you don't accept Santorum's official, time-honored theology then - as embraced by umpteen million Christians everywhere for explaining, for instance, the evils, or the nature of evil, in the world. Perhaps you bought into a "phony theology" like Obama. That would be, well, outlandish, in the eyes of many god-fearing Americans, you know, e.g., those Santorum supporters; and this would mean of course were you ever to have any political ambitions as a concerned American citizen you'd have little or no electability - so beware - any "phony" theologies are nonstarters in the eyes of millions.

American politics are the window to the American soul. Like what you see?

a tiny society of desert camel jockeys

Amazing to think that all of Christendom let alone the Islamic world was sourced from their imaginings, otherwise storytelling, eh? Welcome to the information age. Like what you see? and hear and feel?

This is the truest age of becoming.

Growing pains. Embrace them.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 21, 2012 - 12:54pm PT
In teaching evolution, the time question and the randomness factor are the two sticking points. I find it pretty easy to get beyond time issues as mentioned previously. What's much harder to grasp, first of all, and accept secondly, is randomness.

As always, people see more clearly when humans aren't involved. Talking about pepper moths and how neither dark nor light were more deserving to live, there were simply lucky and unlucky moths, depending on which phase of the light to dark cycle one is looking at gets the point across if it is ever going to be grasped.

However, many students never can get past the idea that moths even, somehow will themselves to change. Those that do, confront the bigger issue, of how this relates to human life and what is the point of it all if survival depends on genetic luck.

I always tell them that for purpose and meaning, they have to go to religion or philosophy.

Of course those religions and philosophies that figure out how to integrate human meaning with an understanding of the natural world will be the ones that survive, and the others will eventually die out.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 21, 2012 - 01:19pm PT
The anthropic principle is endlessly, if tautologically interesting, just not particularly revealing...
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 21, 2012 - 01:19pm PT
I always tell them that for purpose and meaning, they have to go to religion or philosophy.

I know, it's hard to imagine anything besides "religion" or "philosophy" eh? I mean, what other organizing principle - leading on to a different discipline or different framework and a different language - could there be? hmm...
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 21, 2012 - 01:20pm PT
...for purpose and meaning.

Again, why is either purpose or meaning required...?
WBraun

climber
Feb 21, 2012 - 01:25pm PT
I have no purpose or meaning in my life.

I just aimlessly walk around and drool ......
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 21, 2012 - 01:28pm PT
re: meaning and purpose

There's the question of meaning and purpose at some ultimate cosmic level (that traditional theists, e.g., like to contemplate) and there's the question of it at the human day to day level.

It all depends in what context and what level you have in mind.

Certainly as needy, goal-seeking creatures we have to be concerned with meaning and purpose in our everyday lives.
WBraun

climber
Feb 21, 2012 - 01:32pm PT
At the ultimate cosmic level there's no purpose or meaning.

The sun mysteriously now rises at noon from the west.

Tomorrow it rises from the North, and so on .....

From it's big hangover after reading these retarded mental speculations.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 21, 2012 - 01:34pm PT
They are one and the same.

I disagree. Certainly not in my world. (Oh I did edit my comment above.) And certainly not as I used the expression.

There's the question of meaning and purpose at some ultimate cosmic level (that traditional theists, e.g., like to contemplate) and there's the question of it at the human day to day level.

Not the same.

By "cosmic" I meant from the perspective of the cosmos (or from the perspective of nature or the universe).

However, I do agree that the issues were talking about can be quite shocking as one changes worldviews (from the traditional theistic to the one that's being revealed by science).

I expect no ultimate meaning or purpose to come my way out of this universe at some point in the future.

Yet I create meaning and purpose in my day to day operations as I pursue plans and goals that I've created for myself. Climbing (my adventures in climbing) is a fine example.

You can create meaning. You can live on purpose. Even in an ultimately pointless nature or universe.

-Which is certainly a life principle that is underplayed (to say the least) in traditional theology and its attitudes and practices. Time to shift gears into a higher consciousness - that's the challenge in this upcoming century, I would say.

Now is everybody expected to adapt. No. That's evolution, isn't it. Don't shoot the messenger.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 21, 2012 - 02:03pm PT
Don't kill god, replace her.

Haha, already have.

In my life, it's not (no longer) Lord Jesus but Lord Vitarius.

Or, it's not Jehovah but Vitarius. As needed.

Vitarius is either (1) the personification of nature; or (2) the personification of those "higher powers" that "control" our fate. It's really that simple. Most of us are already familiar with this "personification of nature" in the form of "Mother Nature" and use it already. Vitarius is just another designation is all. A fine modern substitute when needed to distinguish among humanity's many (superstitious) god concepts.

 The power of Vitarius gets my respect - for example, when I'm deep in the wilderness above a 200' raging waterfall and thinking about wading in. ;)

 It was Vitarius (aka Mother Nature) who decided I should be born human not canine or leporine or cercopith, I had no say in the matter.

Personification has its place in human understanding. As a literary device. As a cognitive tool. As metaphor, etc..
WBraun

climber
Feb 21, 2012 - 02:08pm PT
It's impossible to kill God.

The minute one tries that person takes the "Imitator Position"

Imitates God.

Study all history and even that fruit guy and you'll easily see .....

healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 21, 2012 - 02:09pm PT
Creating your own meaning is certainly the opportunity...
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 21, 2012 - 02:15pm PT
Enjoy it but don't pretend for a second that others will willingly follow your lead.

I don't. I've said it a thousand times. To each their own. It's the 21st century, it's the free marketplace of ideas now. It's believer's choice.

Don't confuse (a) expressing one's beliefs (or models for how the world works or even models for where we should go in this great adventure we call life) with (b) proselytizing or forcing indoctrinations.

(Then again, I suppose some confusion is understandable - or should be expected and dealt with - given the ages our species just evolved from.)

Again, it's believer's choice. Believe as you will. Practice as you will.

.....

You can create meaning. You can live on purpose. I have no expectations beyond this. I decided long ago after much work of uninstalling archaic programs and expectations and re-booting, re-initializing, that this (just earthly expectation) would have to do. And - thank Vitarius - it did. And does.

.....

It should come as no surprise that 'no purpose no design' is met with stiff resistance.

100% spot on.

Hence the Great Challenge ahead. Good luck everyone!
WBraun

climber
Feb 21, 2012 - 02:36pm PT
Believers are worthless .....
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 21, 2012 - 03:33pm PT
Right on, man, you sound like a sagan or bronowski. Keep it up.

As we can see, a new mythology (of explanation) is underway. 100 times more people will have grown up with it by century's end. Good.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 21, 2012 - 03:58pm PT
re: accidents



"They would have us believe all this is an accident. The atheists and commies would have us believe that WE are accidents. They would have us believe the human eye is an accident. How silly is that? Those nutty scientists."

"Vote for Rick Santorum."

.....

re: "We're accidents."


Oh, and in my "practice" of living (still currently on the dl) we don't call them "accidents" - we call them concadences. A concadence is a "falling out" of a (mechanistic) process. Our species is a "concadence" of the evolutionary process.

It's all in the wording.

Right framing.
Right language.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 21, 2012 - 04:02pm PT
And don't forget - only a tenth of your cells are human, HERVs make up just under 10% of your genome, and you don't even want to know about what retrotransposons are doing to your brain as you read this.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 21, 2012 - 11:57pm PT
I'd like to just list the link for this but I lost it. Here's the end.


Would anyone believe that a supercomputer could assemble itself in the shifting sands of the earth's primitive deserts even given trillions of years? But why not?

All the building blocks for a supercomputer are there mixed up in the desert sands. Volcanic activity, lightening, and wind could provide the necessary energy for construction. What's the problem then? Homogeny. Homogeny is the problem. Parts do not assemble themselves in a non-homogenous way that is very far beyond the sum of the collectively functional/meaningful information contained in the individual parts themselves. This doesn't happen via the normal processes of nature, and this is not mediated or explained away by statistical random/chaos models popular with some physicists ("If you only understood the math?"). Pre-established information and directed energy from an outside source is needed for the assembly of parts that produce a function that is very much greater than the informational sum of the individual parts. It is the pre-established order of a living cell, to include the pre-formed information contained in its DNA that allows it to be what it is.

If brought together randomly, the individual parts of a cell would never self-assemble themselves into the form and function of a living cell regardless of how much outside energy and interactive potential was provided to the parts.

It would be like taking millions of watch parts and shaking them all together for a billion years and expecting a watch to self-assemble just because all the necessary parts and required energy are there. After a billion years, or even trillions upon trillions of years, would anyone really expect something even close to the functional level of a watch to be formed by such a process?

The challenge is to demonstrate that the molecules that form a living cell are in some basic way unique and would blindly assemble into life, no matter how slowly and how many intermediate steps along the way.

It's been estimated that the probability of a DNA helix ever emerging from the primordial soup, again, even in a trillion years, is roughly the same as a whirlwind blowing through a junkyard and spitting out the space shuttle.

Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:07am PT
Death for Hitting Dad
Whoever strikes his father or mother shall be put to death. (Exodus 21:15 NAB)

Death for Cursing Parents
1) If one curses his father or mother, his lamp will go out at the coming of darkness. (Proverbs 20:20 NAB)
2) All who curse their father or mother must be put to death. They are guilty of a capital offense. (Leviticus 20:9 NLT)

Death for Adultery
If a man commits adultery with another man's wife, both the man and the woman must be put to death. (Leviticus 20:10 NLT)

Death for Fornication
A priest's daughter who loses her honor by committing fornication and thereby dishonors her father also, shall be burned to death. (Leviticus 21:9 NAB)
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:10am PT
It's been estimated...

oh silly rabbit, what would convince you?

evolution is a fact.
WBraun

climber
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:19am PT
Fruity is a believer .....
WBraun

climber
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:23am PT
Nah .... everything is just chance.

Sh!t just happens.

Today I had all my parts laid out on the work bench.

I waited for sh!t to happen.

All the parts are still on the table .....
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:29am PT
I in no way refute evolution. But natural selection could only find traction once there was a form that was advantaged enough to survive, and evolve into higher or more organized states. The organization of that form, in the first instance, seems an unlikely event if chance alone were the "cause."

I think there is quite possibly some inherent organizing principal, possibly what Ed was getting at, which can explain some of the conundrums about first or "efficient" causes. Hauling "God" into the mix can only crowd things at this stage, IMO. I don't agree that life could emerge only by pure fluke, or by the hand of Jesus. I can think of many ways, each as improbable as the next, but none so fantastically rich as the idea that a DNA helix just happened in the old methane flumes.

JL
Ghost

climber
A long way from where I started
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:29am PT
If 1. is impossible that leaves only the second option.

And, likewise, if 2. is impossible that leaves only the first option.

But both of those "if, only" statements are only relevant if your initial premise (Life could only have arisen in two ways) is valid.

Come up with something that validates the premise, and your "either 1. or 2." is meaningful.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:31am PT
Would anyone believe that a supercomputer could assemble itself in the shifting sands of the earth's primitive deserts even given trillions of years? But why not?

actually, when you think about it, that's just what happened...
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:01am PT
Jonnnyyyzzz

videos are interesting on a number of levels, I thought the production level was high, but that the scientific content was very low

for "irreducible complexity" to "pose a severe challenge to the power of natural selection" you'd have to prove that natural selection could not, in principle, produce the machine. If you could point me to that proof it might be instructive to study it, but you cannot, since no such thing exists. A case it made, instead, of the presumed improbability, but even that lacks some serious quantitative argument. to be serious, you'd have to show how any evolutionary path would be fail to produce the machine.

The same is true for the second video, which is to say that the calculation of the probability of the occurrence of life on earth, or even in this universe, is so small that it is unlikely to have come into being by "just random process." However, we cannot even decide on the definition of life, which would be at least a starting point to calculating the odds.

Interestingly, the problems of "fine tuning" are well known in particle physics and cosmology, the problem is that any "universe" is equally likely as any other "universe," so for our universe to exist, it would seem to be highly unlikely. To overcome this one searches for a mechanism, a physical mechanism, that results in any initial universe becoming a universe that is like any other. Such physical process exist, and they have consequences which are observable, and those things have been observed... so it seems plausible that such mechanisms exist.

Taking this a step further, if this universe happens "naturally," then it is incorrect to go around calculating the likelihood that the triple-alpha reaction in stars which proceeds through a very narrow energy resonance (the "Hoyle resonance") necessary for building carbon in stars exists, it exists because it is the consequence of those natural processes... for a universe that is determined by physical processes.

Now this may seem ridiculous, but it's a very likely explanation, and not only that, it is testable by the observable consequences.

However intelligent design works in detail is sort of irrelevant to its primary construction, which is to say that these things are designed rather than happening naturally. It is a point of view that is not in contention. One can believe in intelligent design if one wishes, there is, of course, no manner of proving or disproving it, and it is constructed to explain everything.

But one can also propose a completely natural way in which the universe, and life, came to be without recourse to any supernatural entity. Not only that, but the proposal can be tested and modified and extended. It can lead to the discovery of completely new things, unanticipated and not known before. It can expand as we learn these new things and change our viewpoint along with the expansion.

Science provides a way to view the world, the universe without the need to resort to supernatural explanation of how it works. To some of us, that is a very appealing viewpoint, and one that could be entirely correct.

Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:33am PT
That's right Largo. If Vegas put up odds for ID vs Random Chance I think the smart money has to go on ID every time. Random Chance is just a total long shot at best. Now I'm not going to guess on who or what was behind the ID (it shouldn't really matter as far as science and its method is concerned) but come on, it takes way more faith to think there was no ID behind everything. Whats the problem people have with ID anyway? I mean SO WHAT! Dose it threaten them somehow or what? I just don't get why it gets people so worked up. If its design rather than random chance isn't that just as interesting or even more interesting. It shouldn't take anything away from science and its quest, if science is still the search for truth and or facts and not a quest to remove the need for a designer. The universe is still there with all its physical laws for science to figure out how it works. So get to it scientists and let evidence lead the way wherever it points, Start reverse engineering how this world was put together. Then the rest of us can focus our arguments/debates on why it was put together and the conspiracy behind it. lol
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:48am PT
Ed I agree with what your saying except for the part about ID getting in the way of science or leading to things that we don't have to try to understand It seems to me that all the science is still there in the design and there is probably still more science behind the designer.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:54am PT
perhaps it's because scientists believe that "every observable effect has a physical cause."

I didn't say that ID "get's in the way of science" I said that ID is not science, and that science explains the universe without resorting to the D in ID...
laughingman

Mountain climber
Seattle WA
Feb 22, 2012 - 02:04am PT
knew this thread was going to be a Sh#t show....
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 02:30am PT
OK Ed I agree to disagree but Just for fun. Who's to say a designers cause was not physical ie, the big bang. All though This leads to the Philosophy of Determinism and then to the question of free will and I'm not sure I want to take it there but if a designer could some how know the position and velocity of particles at the same time and not lose that information in black holes than?
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 22, 2012 - 02:55am PT
perhaps it's because scientists believe that "every observable effect has a physical cause."

Scientists don't believe anything. Research shows that every observable effect does have a physical cause.

Not everything that scientists have encountered are currently testable so there is no way for a scientists to know if the observable effect of those things has a physical cause or not. But since everything that is testable has been tested with the same results, statistics tell us that there is a high probability that everything with an observable effect has a physical cause.

Understanding that there is a high probability of something is not the same as just believing it.

Dave
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 03:29am PT
Jonnnyyyzzz - so it's your contention that an "intelligent" designer created you to be 1/10th human, contaminated your genome with 8% [occasionally active] retroviral DNA, and gave you a 'mind' which depends on a leftover viral mechanism which constantly rewrites your neural genetics as you have new experiences? And that seems plausible to you by 'design'?

People have such sanitary and Snow White views of life's real mechanisms which, under the hood, become unimaginably strange if not entirely horrific in turn. The constant churning of genomes happens by some incredulous means at every turn - many hopelessly gruesome and 'cruel' from a human perspective. And what we know about disease, symbiosis, and parasitology alone is so perverse and blood-curdling (literally) as to cast any 'designer' in the most severe moral light imaginable.

And it all matters because if a 'designer' could manage the information of a forming universe at every crucial yoctosecond along the way then 'they' would have no problem scripting every aspect of your conscious existence and perception every nanosecond of the day. The notion any such 'designer' would then simply be of the hands-off, Johnny Appleseed variety is as ludicrous as the rest of the fairy tale. No matter how you look at it, if such a 'designer' existed, then behavior would be deterministic by default and 'free will' (and randomness) would, by definition, have to be a granted exception [by design]. And one could easily suppose any such 'designer' would have as extensive a religious, cultural, and social agenda as the Discovery Institute itself (and its spin-offs).

From my perspective it's really the fact that folks have such a limited and fairytale view biology that makes such beliefs plausible - once you take the time to look under the hood you'd be so horrified at the true mechanisms of life as to deny the possibility of any 'one' stepping up and actually accepting responsibility for such a sordid and ugly business as life.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 03:33am PT
Largo - So we're just going to swap out 'mind' for 'life' and have the same merry-go-round session all over again where you can't be pinned down to proffer anything except the improbability of it all? Really - is that as good as it gets?
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 22, 2012 - 04:55am PT
Interesting how the original question of this thread was how to teach evolution,
a seeming pedagogical issue with scientific overtones,
and here we are discussing God again.
This should tell us something about how humans
are hard wired whether we like it or not.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 05:11am PT
True that - hardwired for fear certainly, that we quell it with 'god' is another matter altogether.
WBraun

climber
Feb 22, 2012 - 10:12am PT
hardwired for fear

That is the stupidest dumbest thing ever said.

You're a terrible scientist ...
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 22, 2012 - 10:47am PT
What happened here? Have we been invaded by Creationists who want to look at Intelligent Design?

ID is, in most cases, just a way to put Jesus into the classroom.

As for the actual moment when the first ancestor cell originated? Who knows? It is an interesting topic, and there are at least some biochemists looking at it. Since there is no fossil evidence of it, it will be a heavily postulated theory...probably.

As far as computing goes, there is a branch called "evolutionary computing."

Ed probably knows more about this than I, but I am pretty sure that it is now commonly used in some types of engineering. Specifically cell phones and networks and all that. Electrical engineering. A computer helping to design a better computer and things like that.

As for me? I'll stick with what I know. The rock record. Please forward all of your rock record comments to me.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 22, 2012 - 11:03am PT
Largo, as to your idea of a 747 or a supercomputer, or even a rubik's cube appearing out of the shifting sands, it has already happened.

Single celled life existed from at least 3 bya. There are fossils.

Multicellular life appeared around the Cambrian, which is where the gloves came off as far as the diversity of life. Somehow getting over that multicellular hump was very difficult.

If you accept the evidence in the rock record, we went from a one cell ancestor to trilobites to fish, to reptiles, to mammals (tree shrew) to humans. Then humans went out and gathered all of the raw material and put that 747 and supercomputer together for you.

All that the 747 represents, if we were a billion years in the future looking at the past fossil record, would be similar to stone tools. You can see changes that are due to what biological life leaves behind.

I can look at a core taken from 10,000 feet and see all kinds of stuff. Worm burroughs show up very well. Same with dinosaur footprints and nests of dinosaur eggs. You don't see the dinosaur, but you can see the nest.

So you might not see the human skeleton next to the 747 buried beneath 10,000 feet of sediment, but you would see the 747.

It wouldn't be hard to put the fossil record of humans into a coherent story. We are currently dominating the planet.

Then there is the whole part of how things even get preserved. If anyone cares, I can go into that.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:00pm PT
But since everything that is testable has been tested with the same results, statistics tell us that there is a high probability that everything with an observable effect has a physical cause.

probably an inappropriate calculation, the probability requires both a knowledge of the occurrences and a knowledge of all possible attempts... the numerator and the denominator... since you have set these to be equal, the probability is 1, but you actually don't know the denominator...

you said "high probability," (<1) so what do we learn from those "tests" that failed?

the scientific method is something that is widely debated in philosophical circles, not so much in scientific circles, but you could ask, from a scientific point of view, whether or not it is "correct."

Can you set up a test of the assertion that "every observable effect has a physical cause"?

one can take the entirety of the observations, though obviously these would have to be categorized. If you were a religious person you may be predisposed to accept "miracles" as an observation. By their nature, miracles are not reproducible, they also have the most notable character (at least the notorious miracles) of being highly non-physical. They are observations that are reported singly and by groups (sometimes large groups).

How do we deal with this category of observation?

In general, we seek a more common place interpretation, or we investigate the causes that might be mis-interpretation of unusual and unfamiliar physical phenomena. This generally explains a vast majority of witnessed miracles to just faulty interpretation of something very unfamiliar to the witnesses. But there are a class of miracles that remain that are unexplained.

Those we will disregard as "unexplainable," that is that there is insufficient information to form a scientific reason to explain the observation. But in some ways we've disregarded the information because it doesn't fit our scientific view point.

This may be entirely legitimate, often a scientist may just believe that these are explainable by physical reasons but the conditions are not sufficiently well known to do that, or that the witness(es) are just being dishonest (or are deceived by their own lack of understanding of what they are experiencing).

To avoid these problems in science, we require a more rigorous definition of "observation" and reject observations that do not rise to those standards. This opens science up to the accusation that it chooses a very restricted domain of experience to explain, which is true.

Note that the perception of violating these standards of observation can bring a lot of pain and suffering on those perceived to violate them, as evidenced by the range of responses in the science community to the OPERA collaborations open discussion of their observation of superluminal neutrinos... a matter yet to be resolved. However, the openness of the collaboration allows for independent confirmation of their results.

The most interesting thing to note is, I believe, that by following the rigor of the scientific method that science becomes more connected and unified, not less. So the various aspects of science for which we now appreciate the interconnectedness were previously unconnected... physics and chemistry and biology and geology, etc... can all be seen as unified. It was not that long ago when they looked like entirely different fields of knowledge.

So one infers that the idea that "every observable effect has a physical cause" could be correct, it is certainly useful for science.

Once again, this world view is in distinction from a world view that would require a supernatural explanation to some things. The two views are incompatible, in my opinion. At some point one has to draw a line and that line is impossible to draw... or if one does, it gets pushed back by an expanding scientific understanding of physical phenomena.

Take for instance the speculations of what occurred before the big bang... you might protest that we cannot know anything about it, but the pre-big-bang fluctuations of the vacuum are imprinted on the cosmic black body radiation, which is observable... so the nature of what was happening before the universe came to be is knowable to us. That's a mind blowing concept, and relatively recent consequence of our understanding of cosmology...

...if we cannot even draw the line t>=0 then it is problematic to require a line to be drawn.

This supports my contention of the incompatibility of the two world views: natural and supernatural.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:03pm PT
I was being to obtuse in my comment above about the supercomputer...

if we are the result of evolution and a natural explanation of life
and we built that supercomputer

then if you look at the supercomputer end point
and the universe's natural existence

then the supercomputer can be thought of as having come into existence "naturally"

our entire lineage has a role to play in the occurrence of that event..
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:32pm PT
Largo - So we're just going to swap out 'mind' for 'life' and have the same merry-go-round session all over again where you can't be pinned down to proffer anything except the improbability of it all? Really - is that as good as it gets?


I'm simply pointing out that there are some serious leaps in logic in explaining the "creation" of things. It seems that many insist that things are just so, but can offer nothing much to demonstrate the mechanism by which, for instance, one of the most complicated widgets in the galaxy - the DNA helix - can emerge, entirely undirected, from the primordial soup - other than - by God, it just "happened," or the statistics indicate . . . Or by weaving remarkably poetic pictures of the caldron of creation with all that heat and those anxious gasses and hellfire and pressures and volcanoes and the dad-burn helix crept outta the mud because it took it's sweet time, like billions of years, and accomplished it's goal by way of indescribably small steps, and failed a gazillion times, but it just happened anyhow because . . . . And how stupid I am and not understanding the complexity of evolution because the fosile record says this and that.

And no, I'm not suggesing that an external Intelligent Design model or Big Dad in the sky directed the whole shebang. I am simply, as usual, just raising questions that pester me.

Simply because there are fundamental elements in motion, they will bump into each other and quite possibly bond as their properties allow and through a billion different combinations they might end up in complex combinations that survive or not according to various factors. However in the real world, the one we live in, which is strictly a material world according to some, remarkably complex things never simply organize themselves without some internal or external direction and most of all, without some intentionality. What we have here is a thesis saying that this intentionality and the mechanism by which the helix arose are the same things, meaning the intentionality and matter are not separate, just as gravity does not exist separate from matter.

At this point it would seem that mater has inherent intentionality. The sticking point is to insist that this inherent intentionality has no inherent smarts or intelligence, but can produce, by way of blind chance, something that we, with all our brain power, could only understand and appreciate in recent times. And then to go on and say, Ain't it grand, how Nature simply does this "on it's own." It is this "on it's own," with the implication that there is no intelligence or intentionality at play, that makes me wonder, considering the complexity of life. What does this, "on it's own," actually mean?

I'm not saying this is not so - as unlikely as it seems - but if it did, it is so miraculous that it makes Jesus Christ walking on water look like a 5.1 slab.

JL

High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:45pm PT
I'm not saying this is not so - as unlikely as it seems - but if it did, it is so miraculous that it makes Jesus Christ walking on water look like a 5.1 slab.

Exactly. This incredibility or unbelievability or marvel or "miracle" or wonder (of it all) is precisely what deeply impassions many and leads some (the nature investigators, students of nature, naturalists, whatever you prefer to call them) to dedicate their lives to the subject.

I venture to say youre bumping up against at least a couple of them right here on this climbing site.

One can have a lifelong passion for nature investigation - believe it or not - just as some have it for some art form or adventure sport like climbing.

.....

I think what we're all witnessing in American culture 21st century right now is a public still largely scientifically illiterate trying to make sense of evolution and its implications including the narrative it tells foiled against centuries of religions and theologies that tell a different narrative.

It does make sense though: the less science or nature investigation background - esp across years and years allowing for its assimilation - the more difficult it would be (a) to piece together the pieces of the evolutionary story; and (b) to make sense of it in the context of one's day to day "practice" of living.
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 12:55pm PT
Base 104 I don't want to speak for largo but I think the 747 he and others are talking about is the first life and the need for vast amounts of genetic info in DNA needed for RNA to transcribe said genetic info to then order the many amino acids into very specific strings that would somehow be then get folded into the many specific proteins that would need to be put together in order (like a 747 is put together in order) all at the same exact time in the same microscopic cell sized place and have it all instantly start working together to preform the very complex functions needed for survival (in whatever kind of environment was present where and when this would have taken place) of even the simplest of single cell life. All this needs to happen and produce a relatively stable base of self replicating life before natural selection/ evolution can even begin to work as it dose through the slight mutations of genetic code that happens every so often when a cell divides. I don't think anyone here has a problem seeing how evolution is fact and preserved in the fossil record. That's pretty apparent and not really being disputed here.

Edit: Sorry Largo missed your post while I was eating
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:07pm PT
At this point it would seem that matter has inherent intentionality.

I suppose if one wanted, he could personify a Na atom and a H20 molecule and then say they "intend" to get together or that they "desire" to get together to make sodium hydroxide.

In this manner of speaking, the matter (of Na and H20) would have "intentionality."

Feynman might've said something like this. He always spoke in metaphors, metaphorically, right?

.....

Have we read (1) The Blind Watchmaker (2) the Selfish Gene (3) Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors (4) Cosmos (5) Biology (by Helena Curtis or Campbell)? They are a good start.
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:17pm PT
I think the formation of life is the same - given the right circumstances, life emerges. Its not accidental, it will be proven to be a repeatable formula, as we believe it is the case with stars. The universe will be shown to be positively filled with life. How could it not be so????
The number of factors needed for a place like here are many and when added up they produce odds that far out number the places in the universe that they could all happen at together. That probably makes us rare
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:24pm PT
The number of factors needed for a place like here are many and when added up they produce odds that far out number the places in the universe that they could all happen at together. That probably makes us rare

that is not a correct calculation, it simply isn't valid...
to demonstrate it's invalidity, please show your numbers

cut-and-paste is ok as long as you can defend each step of the cut-n-paste argument without resorting to the authority of who wrote it...

Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:35pm PT
HFCS

Good point. We can see "directedness" and "connectedness" in all of the universe. To see "intentionality" where you see directedness and connectedness is to read your belief into the matter.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:40pm PT
JL, DMT,

The idea that things are so complex that they could never arise from simple laws of matter have always bothered people.

First it was finding out that the Earth orbited the Sun. That didn't go down well with the church.

Then it was natural selection. That is pretty much all that Darwin was postulating. Natural selection is a really obvious idea if you think about it.

Now it is the complexity and wonder of the entire Universe.

"Science" isn't anything special. If you have ever figured out that you have a clogged fuel filter or replaced an old light bulb, you are "doing science." It sounds all puffed up and important, but it is really an everyday occurrence.

So far almost all physical phenomena can be explained by natural processes.

Just because nobody knows how life formed does not mean that the answer is not coming in a few hundred years. The idea of putting a supernatural creator into the equation makes it very easy to toss up your hands and stop thinking about things.

You could say that God killed your engine. Then you won't look for the clogged fuel filter. It is really the same thing.

When you start tossing in supernatural explanations without really understanding the chemistry involved (which I do not), then you are sort of giving up on studying the problem.

Maybe the origin of life will never be figured out. Perhaps it is so rare that Earth is the only place in the Universe with life.

Also, the idea of Panspermia has been tossed around for at least a century. That would be an alien civilization or God or whatever you want to call it, seeding the Earth with some simple life like bacteria.

That is all it would take to get life going.

There is even a group that promotes doing this to other planets. We now know that our sun is not an unusual star (yeah, we now know that the sun is just a star). We assume that the composition of elements on the Earth is also nothing special. We have examined the chemisty and composition of other planets, comets, and asteroids enough to know that the composition and minerology is not odd, either.

So from a glance, there is nothing unusual about the Earth. Everything we know about it can, in a specific or general sense, be explained by very common physical and chemical processes.

The only sticking point is how did the Universe happen? What caused the Big Bang (or whatever beginning), and also how did life originate?

The origin of the Universe is probably easier to figure out than the origin question.

Most people don't look at the origin question as we are discussing it here. Most people on Earth ascribe to one religion or another, and they all have their own origin stories. None of which jibe with a common ancestor in the organic muck.

We do know that for several billion years, life was all single celled organisms such as bacteria. Nobody has a creation myth that we arose from a single bacteria like single ancestor.

All of the religions I know of also promise eternal life. I see that as an evolutionary idea. Everyone is afraid of death. It is very comforting to believe that you will live forever screwing 72 virgins.

BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:43pm PT
HFCS. We are talking about the same thing, but I am reducing it to a fundamental and simple question. One that people have been arguing about on this thread for quite a while.
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:45pm PT
Ed I got that number from min 21:15 through 24:00 of that video posted. Here it is [Click to View YouTube Video]. I think I said universe and should have said galaxy sorry for the confusion.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:47pm PT
Nobody has a creation myth that we arose from a single bacteria like single ancestor.

Nobody? I beg to differ. :)

.....

Marlow, it's always risky speaking in metaphors, as you know. Not always the best strategy esp in mixed company. I was just trying to accomodate the intentionality idea some.

Some science purists or language purists don't even like the use of "Mother Nature" - their argument is that this (needless personification) could be confusing and misinterpretted, even for example extended to deification. Oh well.

.....

re: the (evolutionary) creation myth

Many if not most evolutionists (or evolutionary naturalists or evolutionary physicalists) support the view (or have the belief) that life on Earth arose from a single microbial ancestor.

Taking into account esp the "universality" of the genetic code, Carl Sagan and Richard Dawkins - to name two - espouse (or "believe in") this creation model. As do I.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 01:55pm PT
Largo - So we're just going to swap out 'mind' for 'life' and have the same merry-go-round session all over again where you can't be pinned down to proffer anything except the improbability of it all? Really - is that as good as it gets?

I'm simply pointing out that there are some serious leaps in logic in explaining the "creation" of things. It seems that many insist that things are just so, but can offer nothing much to demonstrate the mechanism by which, for instance, one of the most complicated widgets in the galaxy - the DNA helix - can emerge, entirely undirected, from the primordial soup - other than - by God, it just "happened," or the statistics indicate . . . Or by weaving remarkably poetic pictures of the caldron of creation with all that heat and those anxious gasses and hellfire and pressures and volcanoes and the dad-burn helix crept outta the mud because it took it's sweet time, like billions of years, and accomplished it's goal by way of indescribably small steps, and failed a gazillion times, but it just happened anyhow because . . . . And how stupid I am and not understanding the complexity of evolution because the fosile record says this and that.

And no, I'm not suggesing that an external Intelligent Design model or Big Dad in the sky directed the whole shebang. I am simply, as usual, just raising questions that pester me.

Simply because there are fundamental elements in motion, they will bump into each other and quite possibly bond as their properties allow and through a billion different combinations they might end up in complex combinations that survive or not according to various factors. However in the real world, the one we live in, which is strictly a material world according to some, remarkably complex things never simply organize themselves without some internal or external direction and most of all, without some intentionality. What we have here is a thesis saying that this intentionality and the mechanism by which the helix arose are the same things, meaning the intentionality and matter are not separate, just as gravity does not exist separate from matter.

At this point it would seem that mater has inherent intentionality. The sticking point is to insist that this inherent intentionality has no inherent smarts or intelligence, but can produce, by way of blind chance, something that we, with all our brain power, could only understand and appreciate in recent times. And then to go on and say, Ain't it grand, how Nature simply does this "on it's own." It is this "on it's own," with the implication that there is no intelligence or intentionality at play, that makes me wonder, considering the complexity of life. What does this, "on it's own," actually mean?

I'm not saying this is not so - as unlikely as it seems - but if it did, it is so miraculous that it makes Jesus Christ walking on water look like a 5.1 slab.

JL

Largo, that's actually all quite helpful - 'intentionality' that is. I can easily imagine that [unassigned] 'intentionality' would definitely stick in a philosopher's craw. That also helps relative to the 'mind' thread as well (at least for me) with regard to your not necessarily assigning or attaching intentionality (or design) to any 'one' or thing in particular, but rather just noting the required leaps.

I think HFCS speaks to my thoughts on the 'intentionality of matter' with this comment:

I suppose if one wanted, he could personify a Na atom and a H20 molecule and then say they "intend" to get together or that they "desire" to get together to make sodium hydroxide. In this manner of speaking, the matter (of Na and H20) would have "intentionality."

In a very real sense 'form' (and function) can't be realized without some form of innate molecular / chemical / physical 'intentionality', and I suppose Ed could better address that issue, but I would think the root source of such intentionality would lie in the comsological constant / parameters responsible for this universe. That of course gets Jonnnyyyzzz all anthropically hot and bothered, but is not a cause for confusing the improbable with the impossible.

And I think it's that gap in our immediate knowledge combined with the improbability of it all in combination with a fear of the unknown that sucks folks down the ID rabbit hole. But then I can see that being entirely separate from intentionality really bugging the sh#t out of a philosopher.

P.S. With regard to DNA and the origins of 'life', this is not a bad commentary on where many believe we are currently at on that topic:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_world_hypothesis

http://www.panspermia.org/rnaworld.htm


Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 02:12pm PT
OK, That's all I can stand for now. Its always fun postulating with you guys but I think I'll go climbing for the afternoon. Anyone in SD want to join me?
WBraun

climber
Feb 22, 2012 - 03:59pm PT
A computer is never life.

It takes a life force to turn it on.

Life comes from life,

Life never comes from matter.

There's no religion required to see that ....
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 22, 2012 - 04:06pm PT
...says the man claiming to be linked to the main server of life...

serving us all...

... and still in hell.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 22, 2012 - 04:41pm PT
Base 104 I don't want to speak for largo but I think the 747 he and others are talking about is the first life and the need for vast amounts of genetic info in DNA needed for RNA to transcribe said genetic info to then order the many amino acids into very specific strings that would somehow be then get folded into the many specific proteins that would need to be put together in order (like a 747 is put together in order) all at the same exact time in the same microscopic cell sized place and have it all instantly start working together to preform the very complex functions needed for survival (in whatever kind of environment was present where and when this would have taken place) of even the simplest of single cell life.
-

This crazy run-on from Johnnyzzzz - who I can never really understand - does pin down an interesting phase in evolution which predates when natural selection would kick in. Especially this part: "The need for vast amounts of genetic info in DNA needed for RNA to transcribe said genetic info to then order the many amino acids into very specific strings that would somehow be then get folded into the many specific proteins."

Now the common retort here is some version or another of "this is simply what amino acids do."

If they "do" this instead of that, what they "do" can happen only one of two ways: Either the acids combine as directed by software ie DNA/RNA, or they just happened together by sheer coincidence, because "that's what they do."

I'm all for Nature figuring things out, but doing so sans brain or intelligence, or without an inherent pattern - the world seems unlikely.

JL
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 04:50pm PT
See those 'RNA World' links I just posted up for a better feel for it all. Few scientists think life did the leap straight to DNA. And 'improbable', 'implausible', and 'unlikely' still don't add up to 'impossible'. Again, if you look at the mechanisms of life it's clear there are so many ridiculous, gruesome, or flatout outlandish mechanisms at work that no one would claim responsibility for 'designing'.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 22, 2012 - 05:10pm PT
predates when natural selection would kick in

what does this mean?

Natural selection was there from the beginning.

In the beginning... there was a small population of crude replicator molecules... a fraction of which were more fit in terms of survivability (incl existability and replicability). The difference in variation across the population meant the race was on...

Few scientists think life did the leap straight to DNA.

Of course not. Only those not constrained by an understanding of evolutionary biology would even suggest so. It's a red herring, as you know, esp popular among the ID / divine creation proponents.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 22, 2012 - 06:36pm PT
predates when natural selection would kick in

what does this mean?

Natural selection was there from the beginning.

In the beginning... there was a small population of crude replicator molecules


Can you see the hitch in this argument? It harkens back to the old big bang theories. The whole thing came from nothing. Well, actually, in the beginning, there was this super small peanut with the virtually infinite density, but not quite infinite . . .

Discuss the transition from elemental particles to "crude replicator cells."

From people like Ed we hear about the laws of physics that govern just about everything observable. Are we to now understand that said replicator molecules simoly "happened" outside the purview of said laws?

In one of the Healj articles it mentions the major transitional phases in evolution, which does not include the transition from basic elements to simple replicating molecules.

Also listed was his whopper:

n August 8, 2011, a report, based on NASA studies with meteorites found on Earth, was published suggesting building blocks of RNA (adenine, guanine and related organic molecules) may have been formed extraterrestrially in outer space.

For real? Who is actually taking this seriously?

JL
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 22, 2012 - 06:58pm PT
For real? Who is actually taking this seriously?

What do you mean? It's an awesome fact/finding but there's nothing that's stretches credibility or imagination about this finding. Fits the (physichemical) model perfectly well.

.....

Hey, I can see that you're digging into this stuff block by block. Like honey badger. I can see you fleshing out the puzzle. Everyday another piece. Everyday you see more and more of the Evolutionary Epic.

A few semesters of organic chemistry is a big help in coming to terms with simple complex molecules and their extraordinary versatility and variation. Carbon chemistry it seems knows no bounds.

healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 08:28pm PT
Largo: For real? Who is actually taking this seriously?

Lots of radio astronomers and astrobiologists for a starter...

August 30, 2011

Antarctica Meteorite Hints at Extraterrestrial Origins for Prebiotic Molecular Evolution

Ammonia found in a carbon-containing meteorite from Antarctica adds to a growing body of evidence that meteorites may have played a key role in the development of life here. The NASA image above below was released early this year, when researchers reported that meteorites may have also delivered Earth’s first left-hand amino acids.

“Given that meteorites and comets have reached the Earth since it formed, it has been proposed that the exogenous influx from these bodies provided the organic inventories necessary for the emergence of life," said lead researcher Sandra Pizzarello, of Arizona State University.

The carbonaceous meteorites of the Renazzo-type family (CR) are known to be especially rich in small soluble organic molecules, such as the amino acids glycine and alanine. To test for the presence of ammonia, the researchers collected powder from the much-studied CR2 Grave Nunataks (GRA) 95229 meteorite and treated it with water at high temperature and pressure. They found that the treated powders emitted ammonia, NH4, an important precursor to complex biological molecules such as amino acids and DNA, into the surrounding water

The researchers then analyzed the nitrogen atoms within the ammonia and determined that the atomic isotope did not match those currently found on Earth, eliminating the possibility that the ammonia resulted from contamination during the experiment. Researchers have struggled to pinpoint the origin of the ammonia responsible for triggering the formation of the first biomolecules on early Earth. It now appears that they have found it.

“The findings appear to trace CR2 meteorites’ origin to cosmochemical regimes where ammonia was pervasive, and we speculate that their delivery to the early Earth could have fostered prebiotic molecular evolution,” they write.

DNA Building Blocks Found in Carbon-Rich Meteorites

A team of GCA scientists M. Callahan, J. Stern, D. Glavin. J. Dworkin and their co-investigators found diverse suite of nucleobases and terrestrially rare nucleobase analogs in twelve carbon-rich meteorites. These include denine and guanine, as well as hypoxanthine and xanthine DNA resembles a spiral ladder; adenine and guanine connect with two other nucleobases to form the rungs of the ladder. They are part of the code that tells the cellular machinery which proteins to make. Hypoxanthine and xanthine are not found in DNA, but are used in other biological processes. The discovery adds to a growing body of evidence that asteroids and meteorites are chemical 'factories' that may have been important sources of organic compounds required for the emergence of life on the early Earth. The discovery of new nucleobase analogs in meteorites also expands the prebiotic molecular inventory available for constructing the first genetic molecules. 08.08.11

Variations of Gas Release from Comet Hartley-2

GCA scientists, Drs. Mumma, Bonev, Villanueva, Paganini, DiSanti and an international team of co-investigators measured episodic and spatial variations of eight primary volatiles (H2O, HCN, CH4, C2H6, CH3OH, C2H2, H2CO, and NH3) and two product species (OH and NH2) in comet 103P/Hartley 2 using high-dispersion infrared spectroscopy with large ground-based telescopes in Hawaii and Chile. The primary species were released directly from the comet nucleus, while the product species were produced in the coma. The team quantified the long- and short-term production rates of these volatiles over a three-month interval from October to December 2010 that encompassed the comet’s close approach to Earth, its perihelion passage, and flyby of the comet by the Deep Impact spacecraft during the EPOXI mission. The short-term variations were consistent with nucleus rotation when compared with other observations. These measurements helped to determine the composition of Hartley-2, which is the only comet from the Kuiper Belt to be so categorized. 5.17.2011

NASA Researchers Make First Discovery of Life's Building Block in Comet - 08.17.09

NASA scientists have discovered glycine, a fundamental building block of life, in samples of comet Wild 2 returned by NASA's Stardust spacecraft.

"Glycine is an amino acid used by living organisms to make proteins, and this is the first time an amino acid has been found in a comet," said Dr. Jamie Elsila of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. "Our discovery supports the theory that some of life's ingredients formed in space and were delivered to Earth long ago by meteorite and comet impacts."

Elsila is the lead author of a paper on this research accepted for publication in the journal Meteoritics and Planetary Science. The research will be presented during the meeting of the American Chemical Society at the Marriott Metro Center in Washington, DC, August 16.

"The discovery of glycine in a comet supports the idea that the fundamental building blocks of life are prevalent in space, and strengthens the argument that life in the universe may be common rather than rare," said Dr. Carl Pilcher, Director of the NASA Astrobiology Institute which co-funded the research.

Proteins are the workhorse molecules of life, used in everything from structures like hair to enzymes, the catalysts that speed up or regulate chemical reactions. Just as the 26 letters of the alphabet are arranged in limitless combinations to make words, life uses 20 different amino acids in a huge variety of arrangements to build millions of different proteins.

Stardust passed through dense gas and dust surrounding the icy nucleus of Wild 2 (pronounced "Vilt-2") on January 2, 2004. As the spacecraft flew through this material, a special collection grid filled with aerogel – a novel sponge-like material that's more than 99 percent empty space – gently captured samples of the comet's gas and dust. The grid was stowed in a capsule which detached from the spacecraft and parachuted to Earth on January 15, 2006. Since then, scientists around the world have been busy analyzing the samples to learn the secrets of comet formation and our solar system's history.

"We actually analyzed aluminum foil from the sides of tiny chambers that hold the aerogel in the collection grid," said Elsila. "As gas molecules passed through the aerogel, some stuck to the foil. We spent two years testing and developing our equipment to make it accurate and sensitive enough to analyze such incredibly tiny samples."

Earlier, preliminary analysis in the Goddard labs detected glycine in both the foil and a sample of the aerogel. However, since glycine is used by terrestrial life, at first the team was unable to rule out contamination from sources on Earth. "It was possible that the glycine we found originated from handling or manufacture of the Stardust spacecraft itself," said Elsila. The new research used isotopic analysis of the foil to rule out that possibility.

Isotopes are versions of an element with different weights or masses; for example, the most common carbon atom, Carbon 12, has six protons and six neutrons in its center (nucleus). However, the Carbon 13 isotope is heavier because it has an extra neutron in its nucleus. A glycine molecule from space will tend to have more of the heavier Carbon 13 atoms in it than glycine that's from Earth. That is what the team found. "We discovered that the Stardust-returned glycine has an extraterrestrial carbon isotope signature, indicating that it originated on the comet," said Elsila.

The team includes Dr. Daniel Glavin and Dr. Jason Dworkin of NASA Goddard. "Based on the foil and aerogel results it is highly probable that the entire comet-exposed side of the Stardust sample collection grid is coated with glycine that formed in space," adds Glavin.

"The discovery of amino acids in the returned comet sample is very exciting and profound," said Stardust Principal Investigator Professor Donald E. Brownlee of the University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. "It is also a remarkable triumph that highlights the advancing capabilities of laboratory studies of primitive extraterrestrial materials."

The research was funded by the NASA Stardust Sample Analysis program and the NASA Astrobiology Institute. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., manages the Stardust mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, developed and operated the spacecraft.

To learn more about the mission, visit http://stardustnext.jpl.nasa.gov/ .
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 09:41pm PT
Dr. F: I have problems accepting that Life could have come from a meteorite or planted here by aliens. No life can make it through a descent into the atmosphere and not burn up into dust.

I'm fully on board with the possibility sulfur-based life developed on earth using the water present when the planet formed. However, I find it hard to believe some quantity of extra-terrestrial water wasn't deposited on the planet post-formation and I don't buy that all of that water was pure or sanitized of all organics on entry.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 09:48pm PT
Sounds like it's still heavily debated...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_water_on_Earth
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 22, 2012 - 09:54pm PT
Still, as we argue about whether our pappy was an alien or not, the transition from elemental particles to the first duplicating molecule remains unanswered - as if anywhere in physics, or life, it "just happened" is accepted as a viable answer.

The original idea that nothing is created but everything is always in flux, starts making more and more sense.

JL
Psilocyborg

climber
Feb 22, 2012 - 10:05pm PT
I have problems accepting that Life could have come from a meteorite or planted here by aliens.

No life can make it through a descent into the atmosphere and not burn up into dust.

What we have learned here on earth is that life can thrive anywhere, under any condition.


corniss chopper

climber
breaking the speed of gravity
Feb 22, 2012 - 10:23pm PT
Skywalker - its been awhile since the last monkey trial. Maybe we need another just for fun.

That a State actually passed a law forbidding evolution from being taught is
so strange.

One of those -you're sh#@%ting me, right? episodes of American history.

Teach evolution -go to jail.

http://political-descent.blogspot.com/2011/04/politics-of-evolution-in-classroom.html
corniss chopper

climber
breaking the speed of gravity
Feb 22, 2012 - 10:42pm PT
Youtube - Scopes Monkey Trial 1 of 8. 10mins each

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOgI0b-tEAg


WBraun

climber
Feb 22, 2012 - 10:49pm PT
Life wasn't created.

Makes fact.

Then
"we haven't completely figured out yet."

Actual translation = "Gee wiz, I really have no clue ...."
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 22, 2012 - 10:51pm PT
Pappy's elements are definitely alien born of stars - we're all alien in that regard. And whether organic chemistry formed with the earth from material in our sun's disk or was deposited after the fact still means it was originally extraterrestrial. All we're really talking about here is the plausible self-assembly and replication of molecules. Self-assembly borders on commonplace these days, self-replicating is another matter and the field of self-replication chemistry is a fairly modern endeavor.

All that said, I find it fascinating you (and I see Werner as well) seem unwilling to accept that discovery and learning is a process that takes place over time. The fact we don't currently understand or have an answer to a particular question or phenomenon appears to be highly problematic for you - as though you think we somehow deserve to know right now or should be able to just sit down and spit out an answer. I personally don't see why, in absence of a current answer, we should just leap to either the supernatural or be boggled by the 'impossibility' of it all.

Are philosophers all this impatient? I've never even considered the idea of instant intellectual gratification. Seems all very 'Ericksonian' in that walk-away-if-you-don't-get-the-FA sort of way...
StahlBro

Trad climber
San Diego, CA
Feb 22, 2012 - 11:12pm PT
I actually thought of crystals as transitional forms. But something has to make them adaptable. I am not sure they evolve. But there must be something about carbon.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3pv7_G23EU0

"Parting Of The Sensory"

There's no work in walking in to fuel the talk
I would grab my shoes and then away I'd walk
Through all the stubborn beauty I start at the dawn
Until the sun had fully stopped
Never walking away from
Just a way to pull apart
Dehydrate back into minerals
A life long walk to the same exact spot

Carbon's anniversary
The parting of the sensory
Old old mystery
The parting of the sensory

Who the hell made you the boss?
We placed our chips in all the right spots
But still lost
Any sh*thead who had ever walked
Could take the ship and do a much finer job
This fit like clothes made out of wasps
Aw, f*ck it I guess I lost

The parting of the sensory
Carbon's anniversary
Just part it again if you please
Carbon's anniversary

Who the hell made you the boss
If you say what to do I know what not to stop
If you were the ship then who would ever get on
The weather changed it for the worse
And came down on us like it had been rehearsed
And like we hope, but change will surely come
And be awful for most but really good for some
I took a trip to the exact same spot
We pulled the trigger, but we forgot to c*#k
And every single shot

Aw, f*ck it I guess we lost

Some day you will die and
Somehow something's going to steal your carbon

Some day you will die and
Somehow something's going to steal your carbon

Well some day you will die somehow and
Something's going to steal your carbon

Some day you will die and
Someone's or something's will steal your carbon

Some day something will die and
Somehow you'll figure out how
Often you will die somehow and
Something going to steal your carbon

Well some day you will die somehow and
Something's going to steal your carbon
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 23, 2012 - 12:49am PT
JL, there is a lot of work going on regarding the origin question. Not as much as goes on at a zillion dollar company like Monsanto, but there is a population of people who ponder it.

Natural selection is a simple idea that absolutely must follow life.

Natural selection is used in evolutionary computing. That is where computers are programmed to design things. I need to look it up, but I believe that cell phones were designed using evolutionary computing.

It is pretty easy to write a computer program that evolves, makes parasites, all kinds of stuff after you get it running. I am friends with the guy who wrote the first program that evolved and was pretty famous for a while.

I have had many great talks with him, and have tossed him hard questions such as the origin question. If you get any chemical that self replicates, it is subject to natural selection. If it evolves one way and gets whacked out of existence from something else, then things move along.

By some measures, such as in Dawkin's The Selfish Gene, bacteria are the most successful life on the planet. They rule in terms of numbers, and have been succesful for at least a few billion years. Bacteria can make stromatolite fossils, which are piss easy to identify. Stromatolites showed up in the oldest fossils from billions of years ago.

My buddy does not ascribe to the Dawkins point of view. He thinks that evolution, at least in part, has lead to more and more complicated life, and thinks it is cool that we now will have to include microwave ovens in the future fossil record.

Natural selection is an easy idea. It applies to all sorts of situations besides evolution.
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 23, 2012 - 01:01am PT
This is from a link that healyje posted earlier.

**
The RNA World And Other Origin-of-Life Theories** |

What's NEW
Virtually all biologists now agree that bacterial cells cannot form from nonliving chemicals in one step. If life arises from nonliving chemicals, there must be intermediate forms, "precellular life." Of the various theories of precellular life, the most popular contender today is "the RNA world."

RNA has the ability to act as both genes and enzymes. This property could offer a way around the "chicken-and-egg" problem. (Genes require enzymes; enzymes require genes.) Furthermore, RNA can be transcribed into DNA, in reverse of the normal process of transcription. These facts are reasons to consider that the RNA world could be the original pathway to cells. James Watson enthusiastically praises Sir Francis Crick for having suggested this possibility :

" The time had come to ask how the DNA→ RNA→ protein flow of information had ever got started. Here, Francis was again far ahead of his time. In 1968 he argued that RNA must have been the first genetic molecule, further suggesting that RNA, besides acting as a template, might also act as an enzyme and, in so doing, catalyze its own self-replication."

It was prescient of Crick to guess that RNA could act as an enzyme, because that was not known for sure until it was proven in the 1980s by Nobel Prize-winning researcher Thomas R. Cech and others. The discovery of RNA enzymes launched a round of new theorizing that is still under way. The term "RNA world" was first used in a 1986 article by Harvard molecular biologist Walter Gilbert:

"The first stage of evolution proceeds, then, by RNA molecules performing the catalytic activities necessary to assemble themselves from a nucleotide soup. The RNA molecules evolve in self-replicating patterns, using recombination and mutation to explore new niches. ... they then develop an entire range of enzymic activities. At the next stage, RNA molecules began to synthesize proteins, first by developing RNA adaptor molecules that can bind activated amino acids and then by arranging them according to an RNA template using other RNA molecules such as the RNA core of the ribosome. This process would make the first proteins, which would simply be better enzymes than their RNA counterparts. ... These protein enzymes are ... built up of mini-elements of structure."

"Finally, DNA appeared on the scene, the ultimate holder of information copied from the genetic RNA molecules by reverse transcription. ... RNA is then relegated to the intermediate role it has today—no longer the center of the stage, displaced by DNA and the more effective protein enzymes."


Today, research in the RNA world is a medium-sized industry. Scientists in this field are able to demonstrate that random sequences of RNA sometimes exhibit useful properties. For example, in 1995, a trio at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research reported "Structurally Complex and Highly Active RNA Ligases Derived from Random RNA Sequences" . (Ligases are enzymes that splice together other molecules such as DNA or RNA.) The results are interesting—they suggest that randomness can produce functionality. The authors interpret the results to mean that "the number of distinct complex functional RNA structures is very large indeed."

There is a lot to learn about RNA, and research like this is how we learn it. But these and other similar findings arrived at in highly orchestrated experiments that start with biologically produced RNA are very far from proving that the RNA world is the pathway between nonlife and life. In nature, far from the sterilized laboratory, uncontaminated RNA strands of any size would be unlikely to form in the first place. "... The direct synthesis of ... nucleotides from prebiotic precursors in reasonable yield and unaccompanied by larger amounts of unrelated molecules could not be achieved by presently known chemical reactions" .


Francis Crick himself has become much less enthusiastic about the RNA world than Watson. In 1973, he and another eminent researcher into the origin of life, Leslie E. Orgel, published a paper advocating the theory called "Directed Panspermia" . In 1981, Crick published Life Itself, a whole book about that theory . And by 1993 he says, "It may turn out that we will eventually be able to see how this RNA world got started. At present, the gap from the primal 'soup' to the first RNA system capable of natural selection looks forbiddingly wide" .

At the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, in 1994, Leslie Orgel observes, "Because synthesizing nucleotides and achieving replication of RNA under plausible prebiotic conditions have proved so challenging, chemists are increasingly considering the possibility that RNA was not the first self replicating molecule..." .

Apparently NASA has lost enthusiasm for the RNA world as well. In the Final Report issued after the "Astrobiology Workshop" held September 9-11, 1996 at Ames Research Center, California, we read ,

"It has been postulated that there was a time in protobiological evolution when RNA played a dual role as both genetic material and a catalytic molecule ("the RNA world"). However, this appealing concept encounters significant difficulties. RNA is chemically fragile and difficult to synthesize abiotically. The known range of its catalytic activities is rather narrow, and the origin of an RNA synthetic apparatus is unclear"

The Time Problem

To go from a bacterium to people is less of a step than to go from a mixture of amino acids to a bacterium. — Lynn Margulis

The only premise that all of the precellular theories share is that it would be an extremely long time before the first bacterial cells evolved. If precellular life somehow got going, it could then conceivably begin to crank out, by some precellular process, random strings of nucleotides and amino acids, trying to luck into a gene or a protein with advantages which would lead to bacterial life. There is no evidence in life today of anything that produces huge quantities of new, random strings of nucleotides or amino acids, some of which are advantageous. But if precellular life did that, it would need lots of time to create any useful genes or proteins. How long would it need? After making some helpful assumptions we can get the ratio of actual, useful proteins to all possible random proteins up to something like one in 10^500 (ten to the 500th power). So it would take, barring incredible luck, something like 10^500 trials to probably find one. Imagine that every cubic quarter-inch of ocean in the world contains ten billion precellular ribosomes. Imagine that each ribosome produces proteins at ten trials per minute (about the speed that a working ribosome in a bacterial cell manufactures proteins). Even then, it would take about 10^450 years to probably make one useful protein. But Earth was formed only about 4.6 x 10^9 years ago. The amount of time available for this hypothetical protein creation process was maybe a few hundred million or ~10^8 years. And now, to make a cell, we need not just one protein, but a minimum of several hundred.

So even if we allow precellular life, there is a problem getting from there to proteins, genes and cells. The random production of proteins does not succeed as an explanation. Other intermediate, unspecified stages must be imagined. We could call these stages post-precellular life. By whatever means, life's evolution through these stages would have to be time-consuming.

One advocate of the RNA world, Gerald Joyce, allows 400 million years for "The Rise and Fall of the RNA World" :

// "...At some point RNA organisms began to dabble in the use of short peptides, leading eventually to the development of protein synthesis. Other "experiments" led to the discovery of DNA, which provided a more stable repository for genetic information. By 3.6 to 3.8 billion years ago all of these events had come to pass; the RNA world had fallen and the DNA/protein world had risen in its place."//

But other researchers see evidence for prokaryotic cells in the first 100 million years, maybe even immediately. "...Actual cells have been found in the earth's oldest unmetamorphosed sediments...," says Gould in Wonderful Life. Bada says that cyanobacteria may have emerged only ten million years after the first precellular life. In November, 1996, S. J. Mojzsis of the Scripps institution of Oceanography and others reported isotopic evidence that cellular metabolism was under way before 3.8 billion years ago. Even before the research by Mojzsis et al., Francis Crick was worried by the time problem. "...The real fossil record suggests that our present form of protein based life was already in existence 3.6 billion years ago.... This leaves an astonishingly short time to get life started". Another researcher, Peter B. Moore, says this about the time problem :

"Of one thing we can be certain: The RNA world—if it ever existed—was short-lived. The earth came into existence about 4.5 x 10^9 years ago, and fossil evidence suggests that cellular organisms resembling modern bacteria existed by 3.6 x 10^9 years before the present.... There are even hints that those early organisms engaged in photosynthesis, which is likely to have been a protein-dependent process then, as now. Thus it appears likely that organisms with sophisticated, protein based metabolisms existed only 0.9 x 10^9 years after the planet's birth."
//
" The "window of opportunity" for the RNA world was much shorter than 0.9 x 10^9 years. The earth's surface was uninhabitable at the beginning due to heat generated by meteoric bombardment and its geological differentiation. ...Thus, the interval in which the biosphere could have been dominated by RNA-based life forms may be less than 100 million years. Incidentally, when one starts thinking along these lines, one must consider the unthinkable, i.e., that the length of time that RNA-based proteins actually bestrode the earth might be zero."//

Summary
It goes without saying that the emergence of this RNA world and the transition to a DNA world imply an impressive number of stages, each more improbable than the previous one — François Jacob, 1997

There is no remnant or trace evidence of precellular life anywhere today. That it ever existed is entirely conjectural.
Although its emergence from nonliving matter is hard to conceive, precellular life must have appeared almost immediately.
There was almost no time for precellular life to evolve into the simplest bacterial cells.
Precellular life has never been created in a lab.
In spite of the RNA world, there is no consensus on the model for precellular life.

We said that research in the RNA world is a medium-sized industry. This research has demonstrated how exceedingly difficult it would be for living cells to originate by chance from nonliving matter in the time available on Earth. That demonstration is a valuable contribution to science. Additional research will be valuable as well. But to keep insisting that life can spontaneously emerge from nonliving chemicals in the face of the newly comprehended difficulties is puzzling. It is reminiscent of the persistent efforts of medieval alchemists to turn lead into gold.

There is another scientific explanation for the origin of life on Earth. It is that whole cells arrived here from space.


What's NEW
If life pops up readily in Earth-like conditions, surely it should have started many times right here on Earth — Professor Paul Davies, 2011


The Origin of Handheld Calculators:
Let's put the current paradigm of how life on Earth might have begun in terms of the computer analogy. (See CA's A Cell is Like a Computer). The fossil record indicates that there were handheld calculators with 240 kilobytes of stored programs — prokaryotic cells — in existence almost as soon as the earth cooled. Here's how the story might go:

Handheld calculators originated when special conditions allowed the formation of silicon chips and circuit boards (primitive genes). Heat, possibly generated by radioactivity, volcanoes or meteor impacts, melted some sand to form a silicon flake. Random splashing of molten metal caused metal filaments to form a circuit board on the flake. Oily film on ponds dried into the hard plastic material needed for the shell.

Lightning provided the first source of electrical power. Prototypes in seawater, at just the right distance from the strike, received sufficient voltage without being destroyed. Batteries (allowing independent metabolism) came later. The first batteries were iron acid batteries, formed in mud pockets. Lithium batteries were a very late development.

This primitive protocalculator somehow acquired ten to 25 bytes of stored programs (40 to 100 nucleotides) that enabled it to have some function that made it useful. Now we find evidence for only the fully evolved handheld calculators similar to the ones used today, with function keys and lengthy built-in programs, because the fossil record is incomplete.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 23, 2012 - 01:33am PT
Jonnnyyyzzz
you can find the more quantitative argument filled out in this Wikipedia article:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare_Earth_hypothesis

let's avoid the bits of the "Rare Earth equation" that have to do with life, and just calculate the likelihood using the unsupported probabilities given in the video... we have the product of 10^-5 which represents the probability that if we look at a star in the sky it would be "Earth like" enough to support life.

Currently there are many extrasolar planet surveys being conducted by the astronomical community. This research, relatively new, has already completely changed our view of what a "solar system" is, in fact, the type of planetary system to which we belong seems atypical from what we have observed so far. Theories of planetary system development are now undergoing radical revision.

You can check this out yourself at this site: http://exoplanets.org/

Given our calculation above, we can calculate the success of a star survey, for instance, The Palomar/MSU Nearby Star Spectroscopic Survey which you can read about here: http://www.stsci.edu/~inr/nstarsres/pmsu4.pdf their survey included 558 main sequence stars as "nearby."

Given your video's calculation, we'd expect that the likelihood of one of those stars meeting their condition is something like 10^-3 to 10^-2, (one in a thousand to one in a hundred) so it is surprising that the planet candidate Gliese 581d has the interesting properties described in http://arxiv.org/pdf/1105.1031.pdf making it possibly habitable.
the abstract of which is:


It has been suggested that the recently discovered exoplanet GJ581d might be able to support liquid water due to its relatively low mass and orbital distance. However, GJ581d receives 35% less stellar energy than Mars and is probably locked in tidal resonance, with extremely low insolation at the poles and possibly a permanent night side. Under such conditions, it is unknown whether any habitable climate on the planet would be able to withstand global glaciation and/or atmospheric collapse. Here we present three-dimensional climate simulations that demonstrate GJ581d will have a stable atmosphere and surface liquid water for a wide range of plausible cases, making it the first confi rmed super-Earth (exoplanet of 2-10 Earth masses) in the habitable zone. We find that atmospheres with over 10 bar CO2 and varying amounts of background gas (e.g., N2) yield global mean temperatures above 0 C for both land and ocean-covered surfaces. Based on the emitted IR radiation calculated by the model, we propose observational tests that will allow these cases to be distinguished from other possible scenarios in the future.



My point is twofold: first) it is apparently not so rare to find candidate planets... we have observed one
and second) we can actually imagine studying that planet candidate for signs of biological activity.

This second point has been anticipated for a very long time, James Lovelock wrote the article "A physical basis of life detection experiments" in 1965 as a result of work he was doing for NASA, the Nature article is reproduced here: http://www.jameslovelock.org/page6.html he suggests that the atmospheres of planets with life are very different in character than those which are lifeless. It is quite possible that we would be able to directly observe these planets and even get spectroscopic information which would reveal their character.

It appears that the probabilities calculated in your video may be understated, which would be understandable as they are not based on very rigorous statistics in the first place.

healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 23, 2012 - 01:54am PT
Jonnnyyyzzz - that's from the panspermia website where they desperately want to believe in life was transported to the earth whole, intact, and alive. I find it a stretch at best - and be it here or 'there' - life had to originate somewhere. Being familiar with the resilience of both mycological and bacterial spores I don't discount the panspermia theory out of hand, but I do find it unconvincing in cases like enodlithic life under many kilometers of rock.
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Feb 23, 2012 - 03:40am PT
Thanks Ed, I'll check out the links and I thank you for sharing your insight with everyone. As you can tell this stuff is not my profession but I have always loved science and try to keep up with it. We are living in such a cool time of discovery that it makes these questions really interesting. I hope that I'm keeping an open mind. I think I do mostly. I do worry the science community may be forcing the theory of evolution to account for everything without having enough evidence to take ID off the table completely the way it seems to have done. Probably because ID may give religious fundamentalists who are seen as being at odds with science something to hang there hat on or maybe they them self's tend to be atheist and are looking to have that validated by science I think both sides have a hard time staying objective because being human in that way but without ID (less any specific religion) being accepted as a valid theory potential in the education system it seems like were leaving out a important discussion that should be part of any balanced education. So I'm not part of any religious denomination and I try to live as a truth seeker as best I can and that has me playing the devil's advocate sometimes when exploring questions like the origins of Life.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 23, 2012 - 10:54am PT
calculating the probability of abiogenesis is dicey given a single observation of life, and depends on how you interpret the history of life on Earth as input to the calculation

You can read a recent article about it here: http://arxiv.org/pdf/1107.3835.pdf which was published in PNAS... it identifies an important assumption made in the statistical analysis of a paper (see below) that argues life is highly likely...

basically, the argument that life is common in the universe stems from the observation that life started on Earth within a few hundred-million years after conditions on the Earth would allow it... look at this article: http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0205014v2.pdf (which discusses many of the issues raised in the video in a more open, quantitative manner)

the point here is that this calculation is not yet possible given the information we have regarding abiogenesis and the example of one case, our own, is insufficient for making either claim, that life is rare or life is abundant out in the universe.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 26, 2012 - 12:56pm PT
the reason why a theory of life is important is simply because we will probably never be able to show the direct "causal" link between the state of the early Earth and our existence... science doesn't work that way, it does not work on proof but on falsification.

While thinkers like Largo and WBraun have trouble imagining that natural process alone could result in life, science would be happy to conclude that what can be inferred from our observations is consistent with a physical theory of life. As far as I know, no one is satisfied with that theory, one indication being the lack of a strong definition of what life is...

...the statistical nature of the physical theory, or the likely physical theory, is much more subtle than what Largo quipped above... but perhaps that is the essence of it, that in the early conditions of Earth there was time enough for everything to happen such that life was a result. The meaning of "life" here is essentially the approximate-self-replication required for evolution to take over the refining of those processes.

There is a lot of stuff that has to happen to get to the "first cell" and considerable uncertainty of what that was. Given the early history of Earth, it is entirely possible that many instantiations of life occurred and were extinguished during the period of Earth history referred to as "The Great Bombardment" where all nature of stuff rained down on the planet, stuff big enough to vaporize the oceans and raise the temperatures to the point of sterilization. Then the whole starting over again.

The fact that the physical evidence from the fossil record indicates that life was abundant and diverse 1 billion years after the Earth was formed, with much of that time truly hostile to life, must be consistent with any theory that we formulate. That seems to require that life will form quickly where the physical conditions for it are met.

That first cell has to have a set of attributes, quoting from R. Ege's essay, "Primal Eukaryogenesis: On the Communal Nature of Precellular States, Ancestral to Modern Life" Life 2012, 2, 170-212 (http://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/2/1/170/);

"(i) to couple energy from the environment into usable chemical forms;
(ii) to carry out specific catalytic functions;
(iii) to make and/or copy macromolecules;
(iv) to give some of these informational significance."

where the attributes are not meant to be taken as independent, the italics indicating system-wide context.

This example is given to indicate the process of abstraction (or as Largo would point out, "reductive reasoning") which is a part of defining a physical theory. This abstraction for the "first cell" is already far advanced, many of the requirements for abiogenesis form an important foundation to get to this point. Further, this process of abstraction is necessarily generalizing the problem, the number of processes likely to satisfy these attributes is likely larger than the cases we know about. This is a good thing about theory, and the thing that allows it to be checked. It also frees the theory from the narrowness of explaining one observation only.

We aren't there yet, but you can see the process happening. Riley asks above "do we really need more than we have" to explain life? I responded "yes" (I think, and if not, here I do) since we don't have strong quantitative arguments to give regarding the observation of life on Earth.

While this scientific approach is unsatisfying to those who would like to see "life" squirming on the lab bench as the result of some recipe, perhaps the result of some biological "philospher's stone," we are likely only to have a theory that provides an understanding of life, and lays out the basis for a search for life in the universe that recognizes a larger diversity than what we know on Earth. Prepare yourselves for the realization that we are not special even there...
Psilocyborg

climber
Feb 26, 2012 - 01:36pm PT
We are star dust. We are self aware. That in itself is mind boggling. Forget crystals and bacteria, the stardust has become self aware.

I like to think consciousness is part of an evolutionary system much bigger than the earth itself.
SCseagoat

Trad climber
Santa Cruz
Feb 26, 2012 - 01:49pm PT
Sunday morn...shouldn't we be at church?


Susan
cowpoke

climber
Feb 26, 2012 - 02:13pm PT
Prepare yourselves for the realization that we are not special even there...
The underlying point that Ed is making in this comment notwithstanding, I think we are special. Given the story of life on earth -- as science, and specifically evolutionary theory, tells it -- everyone contributing to this thread, everyone reading it, and all others presently existing on this planet are pretty darn special.

David Buss, the evolutionary psychologist, makes this point much better than I could in the opening paragraph to his book The Dangerous Passion:
Every human alive is an evolutionary success story. If any of our ancestors had failed to survive an ice age, a drought, a predator, or a plague, they would not be our ancestors. If any had failed to cooperate with at least some others in the group or dropped below a minimal position in the social hierarchy, they would have met certain death by being cast out from the group. If even one had failed to succeed in choosing, courting, and keeping a mate, the previously inviolate chain of descent would have been irreparably broken, and we would not be alive to tell the tale.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 26, 2012 - 02:38pm PT
perhaps I should have said we will learn that the conceit that our life does not extend to the universe
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 26, 2012 - 02:46pm PT
Are we not "special" because we are above the (natural) law?

We are "above the law" - that is the unspoken, unwritten claim.

Paramecium and amoeba are NOT above the law. Honey bees and honey badgers are Not above the law.

But Man is above the law.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 26, 2012 - 02:51pm PT
As far as I know, no one is satisfied with that theory...

What am I, chopped liver?

I am satisfied with the theory.

.....

It is theory... abstract theory... applied theory... that is employed in my practice of living... that works pretty (damn) well... sure beats the stuffing out all that inherited (traditional) bronze age ignorance (e.g., that has flesh animated by ghost, the world as a three-layer cake, etc.).

.....

 atoms to molecules to crude replicators to fancy replicators...
 prokaryotes to eukaryotes...
 fish to amphibians to reptiles to mammals...
 primitive primates to fancy primates...
 homo sapiens (now) to homo superbus (50k from now)...

damn fine applied theory (thanks to science)
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 26, 2012 - 03:02pm PT
My favorite conceits...

 we're at the center of the universe
 we're made in a Mesopotamian deity's image
 we're above the (natural) law
 we live forever, this (earthly) life is only a rehearsal

Of course these conceits are maintained by...

 religions and their underlying (antiquated) theologies
 a poverty of science education

It's challenging to overcome these time-honored conceits.

Take up the challenge.

.....

No worries, go-B,
you're already going to heaven,
your seat is secure
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 26, 2012 - 03:12pm PT
Prepare yourselves for the realization that we are not special even there...

A great Star Trek TNG episode, "First Contact" touches upon this. In the episode it was decided in the end - after First Contact - that the malcorians should live in ignorance ("sweet innocence") instead of knowledge (of space, warp, federation of planets, a chorus of life, etc.) - where they could continue to indulge their (archaic) conceits, ideologies.

Of course the lead in the episode (a scientist) in the end opts to leave the planet (her luddite home, culture and species) to venture out into the cosmic frontier with Picard and crew. Good for her.

Is it better to live with our inherited, hand me down conceits (having grown up with them, they're so ego-satisfying afterall) or to move past them (in the hope of better practices, but armed with anti-depressants, perhaps)? Seems we're divided on the issue. Just like in the ST TNG episode.
Psilocyborg

climber
Feb 26, 2012 - 03:34pm PT
I think damming religion as ignorance is ignoring what it does for people on a personal level. It is a motivator for good and evil. It gives some "mo pow". Yes slaughter and control, a true opium of the masses, but thats on a societal level. On a personal level, the effect it has on ones personal perspective can be profound, which in turn affects evolution and natural selection. So religious belief is measurable in science. If science can measure it, does it exist? :-)
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 26, 2012 - 04:52pm PT
On a personal level, the effect it has on ones personal perspective can be profound, which in turn affects evolution and natural selection. So religious belief is measurable in science. If science can measure it, does it exist? :-)

this is an interesting vein we've mined in other threads, the possibility that religious belief is an evolved behavior that conveys a survival benefit... sort of the physical universe's own little joke..

HFCS you have a sketch of a theory, but not a theory... but if you think you have one, start with your theory's definition of life...
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 26, 2012 - 05:57pm PT
. . . start with your theory's definition of life...
----


What makes this challenging is that reductionism implies that something or any and all things are no more than a combination of their physical parts. Ergo we should be able to concoct a definition of "life" in strictly physical terms that satisfies Ed's question. But any physical definition can only be about objective, biological functioning, and at least some of us suspect there might be more, that matter does not so much "create" life as organize itself in a way to host or sustain it.

As I said many times earlier, the only way to be satisfied with a strictly physical explanation is to say that "life" and physical processing are the same thing, and that life is created or transmitted by matter. If so, then a physical description would exhaust the subject. As we all know, it doesn't, and it's easy to see why. Remember that bit from The Bride of Frankenstein: She's alive. Alive!

I suspect the essence of Ed's question is not quantifiable in our normal ways. At least the definition we come up with will always feel a little lacking - like a topo compared to the actual route, in starlight and storm.

But one thing is for sure - our life, however we might describe it, is what we have right now, right here, and the agency that experiences and chooses, while not a thing, is the greatest mystery of all.

JL
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 26, 2012 - 06:14pm PT
nice contribution, Gobee
WBraun

climber
Feb 26, 2012 - 07:37pm PT
While thinkers like Largo and WBraun have trouble imagining

Hilarious, Ed is telling us we should become be mental speculators ....
cintune

climber
Midvale School for the Gifted
Feb 26, 2012 - 07:49pm PT
...like a topo compared to the actual route, in starlight and storm.

Like Gaston said, the game is to voluntarily commit yourself to this prison, and then to escape from it. (The nordwand of the Matterhorn in his context, but broadly applicable.)
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 26, 2012 - 09:02pm PT
Ed, regarding the PNAS paper, and the fact that life on Earth began almost as soon as the planet settled down from its violent beginnings, there is one question that I find interesting:

If life is "easy" to get going given the right kind of conditions, such as liquid water, then has it not occurred more than once on Earth, since the conditions are considered so ripe? I asked my friend the monster evolutionary biologist this question.

He thought about it for a minute and said that no. Life almost certainly began only once. All life shares a unviversal genome. Meaning that all life is genetically linked to a common ancestor.

I found that interesting. It is difficult to understand the origin question since we have a sample size of only one.

The origin question is fascinating, but it is lacking in empirical evidence. When I refer to the fossil bacteria, I am referring to stromatolites, which are colonies of bacteria that have a huge fossil signature. Soft parts are extremely difficult to preserve.

Another thing to consider is how much life exists in the ground beneath our feet. I should go google this up, but life has been found at great depths in wellbores.
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Feb 26, 2012 - 09:21pm PT
So will you be using SuperTopo as an example of a lifeform that evolved, or was intelligently designed?

(A somewhat rhetorical question actually intended for skywalker, but it seems with other applications.)
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 26, 2012 - 09:26pm PT
I put this in a seperate post, but regarding life's ability to thrive in strange environments with strange energy sources other than the sun is interesting.

Life can thrive in many very harsh conditions.

It has been observed on Mars that during the summer, the amount of methane over large areas increases. Many have pondered that this may be the signature of life on Mars, albeit not at the surface. To get at WHY methane increases in the summer requires covering a lot of scientific ground.

As for JL's constant dislike of "reductionism," I don't get it. Reducing complicated systems to their component parts has been a very fruitful way of examining many things.

You can look at the engine of a car and zen out on it when it breaks down, or you can just start studying engines, and realize that it is the sum of many smaller parts. Then you are a mechanic. It is kind of like that with evolution. A guy like Rick Santorum won't even look, because the Bible has already told him.

That is a pretty crappy method of examining things.

I would love to take a dozen taco members on a two week geology field trip. Every rock tells a story, and when you put all of those stories into the larger, coherent, picture, it is damn fascinating.

The Earth has an incredibly long and complex history.

When I get hired to work an area for oil and gas exploration, I tear down everything into detailed work first. It is the only way to understand the big picture. I am kind of like a mechanic. I understand engines. So they throw me a new engine and I have to figure it out.

It is unfortunate that I haven't been able to publish a single time in my career. Geology is considered an asset by the IRS. Expenses for a geologist have to be depriciated just like a tract of land.

So oil and gas companies don't go around telling other companies what they have learned. It kind of sucks. Things do get around, though. Companies will steal each other's geologists. On my big client, the first thing they did was download several years worth of data from my computers.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 26, 2012 - 09:31pm PT
MH, great observation.

Chris Mac created the place, so it was intelligently designed.

It has morphed into something that I doubt he predicted, so it has also evolved.

He also steps in and changes things now and then. So in the case of Supertopo, you could say that CMac is God.

Go get on thine knees and beg him not to nuke us!

In the case of Supertopo, we have great data. It is also a simple question.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 26, 2012 - 09:44pm PT
life could have started many times and been different, only to be wiped out and started from scratch...
...life now would have descended from the last time life started, there would be no trace of earlier life
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Feb 26, 2012 - 09:57pm PT
Isn't the question whether that life was always DNA-based, each time it started or restarted? In other words, must life be DNA based, at least for places with liquid water?
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 26, 2012 - 09:58pm PT
DNA is far down the line of life's development... in most theories of life.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 26, 2012 - 10:29pm PT
DNA is far down the line of life's development... in most theories of life.


What's interesting here is that like the ad nauseum "mind" thread, we can have sage chemical/biological/atomic definitions of "life," but they don't quite get it done for us. I think there can be no question that for humans, the body hosts "life," and is alive, but explaining or defining life by dint of bodily terms alone satisfies few of us. This is so obvious that who would say that a purely physical description of your Sig. Other is the whole story. The difficulty in grasping the "extra," the mustard on the frank, so to speak, is what makes answering Ed's question so slippery.

Quite aside from what we believe, we all intuitively suspect there is something, some emergent quality to being alive that is not strictly betrayed by the parts.

JL
WBraun

climber
Feb 26, 2012 - 10:37pm PT
SOUL ....

Animates the material elements.

If ya ain't got one you're a corpse ......
donini

Trad climber
Ouray, Colorado
Feb 26, 2012 - 10:39pm PT
Life: in the beginning there is the liquid stage, in maturity we share liquids, as we age we move back to the non sharing liquid stage until, eventually, there is only dust.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 26, 2012 - 11:30pm PT
you have a sketch of a theory, but not a theory... but if you think you have one, start with your theory's definition of life

I'm not sure where the discussion is at this point.

As far as I know, no one is satisfied with that theory...

I think I was posting to express my satisfaction with...

 the Scientific Story (as a theory)
 evolutionary theory
 other standard biogenesis (or abiogenesis) theories

That's all. Perhaps I was reading too much into your use of "theory" I don't know.

.....

If you recall Sagan's Cosmos episode where he portrays evolution in 40 seconds from phospholipid membrane through honey badger to human... that whole "picture" is a "theory" that personally I am "satisfied" with.

"theory" in some circles can simply mean contemplation, conception, consideration, supposition or ideation, perhaps as a basis of action. That usually works for me. Also, it comes from the Greek, theorein, as I'm sure you know which means to see, view. So it can also mean "speculation." but let's not tell Werner. :)

.....

Seems to me...

  You can trust in a theory, you can have faith in it.
  There are reasonable theories and unreasonable theories.
  A theory (or system of theories) doesn't need to be 100% certain before you act on it; or before you can incorporate it into your belief system or practice of living.

These are a few principles of "theory" - or ideas or theorems concerning "theory" - that are hardly discussed it seems to me in philosophy, religion, even science circles.

Yet these ideas, principles and definitions regarding "theory" (also "belief" and "faith") are relevant in all these many posts and threads concerning science versus religion.

I think the language, otherwise terminology, that's used in these discussions is going to improve in the next 100 years.
WBraun

climber
Feb 27, 2012 - 12:22am PT
The word water will never quench your thirst.

If one chants the sound vibration word, water, it will not act to quench your thirst.

But there are sound vibrations that are absolute and non different and will act.

Thus language is not the most important factor because it only describes.

Actual realization is superior ......
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 27, 2012 - 01:48am PT
I mean a scientific theory... like The Standard Model of Particle Physics, General Relativity, etc...
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 27, 2012 - 09:59am PT
That is a really interesting topic: The evolution of religion.

There are so many diverse faiths. Among the Abrahamic religions, which all worship the same one God, you have Jews, then Christians, then Muslims, and now Mormons.

Go read the various books. They are whacky different. They also all warn of following false prophets. How the hell am I to know which ones are false? The Book of Mormon says that early on, but then it takes quite the leap to accept Joseph Smith as a prophet.

That said, Mormons make great neighbors, at least around here.

I found the Koran unreadable. It was so violent in the first ten pages.

Also, each of these religions are splintered like crazy within themselves.

So if you are starting out from scratch, and are searching for some sort of spiritual life, where the hell do you start?

All religion I know of offers one thing: eternal life. Could it be that people find it hard to believe that who we are can be snuffed out in a second, never to exist again?

I have always been interested in the topic, and the old testament is totally different in tone from the new testament. The Koran is very different from the bible. The Book of Mormon is very different from the New Testament.

I don't know much about Hinduism, but how would I know which religion to pick? I mean, if I get it wrong, I may end up in eternal hell or come back as a rectal bacteria.

Maybe it is because I have a hard time with preachers. I was raised a Methodist, and all of my friend's parents thought I was going to hell for not being a Baptist.

Look at Joel Osteen on the cable TV. He teaches the new "Prosperity Religion." Pray hard enough and you will get rich. I can't reconcile that with the teachings of Jesus, who loved the poor. Some Christians have no problem ignoring that line:

"It is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven."

It is soundly ignored. At the same time, many Christians hate homosexuals because there are a couple of lines tucked away in the bible. It is pick and choose.

No lie. If you have cable, watch Joel Osteen in his full arena megachurch in Houston. Also tune in to the Spring Sharathon. It is just like QVC selling shwag.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 27, 2012 - 10:24am PT
...but how would I know which religion to pick?

You don't get to pick. It is picked for you. Have you seen what happens when people of the same exact religion who believe in the exact same God have a small difference of opinion about some minor issue?

Dave
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 27, 2012 - 10:31am PT
I should have never brought up religion. It should be over in the God, Politics and Science thread.
WBraun

climber
Feb 27, 2012 - 10:42am PT
There's no such thing as Hinduism.

The word comes from the Muslims not being able to pronounce the word Sindhu properly which is a region of the river Sindhu (Indus).

There's no such word as Hindu exists in all of the Vedas.

There's no such thing as "offered eternal life".

This is why it's called "life".

All living entities are already eternally living.

The individual soul transmigrates from body to body according to the consciousness one develops in the present life.

The modern day defective understanding that the living entity is the material body is due poor fund of knowledge.

You develop a dog mentality in this life and you'll take a dog body in your next life, for crude example.

People just make up sh!t all the time due to ignorance.

Modern material science will thus "claim" these statements are completely wrong due to not understanding the "science of the soul" .....
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 27, 2012 - 01:17pm PT
Straight from wiki:

The term "theory" is a polyseme, even among scientists. While most scientists reserve the term for verifiable principles, others use it to refer to hypothetical frameworks.

I like wiki.

___

re: life
re: theory of life

I support the biorganic model... in other words, the biorganic theory... of life.

This differs radically from the traditional view of life - or "theory" of life - as pushed by most religions, e.g., the Abrahamic religions.

"Biorganic" is a neonym.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 27, 2012 - 01:28pm PT
Fruity, you gotta give that Abrahamic religious boondogling a rest. It's tedious and a dead end.

I'm with Ed on wanting to hear about a "scientific theory... like The Standard Model of Particle Physics, General Relativity, etc..."

In this way, the interesting parts of evolution - like the transition from inanimate matter to replicating cells - can be strictly ascribed to a certain set of chemicals and conditions that can be observed and replicated.

Now THAT would clear the air about the origin of life, though it would not limit said origin or "creation" to a one-and-done or one-time event. As some pointed out already, everything from the big bang to the presence of life in the universe can be seen as an endless cycle lest we are facing the ultimate paradox that a dimensionless no-thing sourced "all and everything."


JL
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 27, 2012 - 01:35pm PT
you gotta give that Abrahamic religious boondogling a rest

well, maybe here at supertopo as it's enlightened. ;)

but have you checked out American politics lately? the "theories" of the Abrahamic religion known as Christianity are driving at least half the GOP's metabolism these days. A fella by the name of Santorum who still believes this world is a three-layer cake is a viable candidate for U.S. Pres in 2012.

...and in other parts of the world, supernatural theism in the Abrahamic vein is running so strong humans there by the millions actually believe the same way their ancient forebears did 2000 plus years ago - that the Creator of the Universe gets pissed when his Word or Revelation is burned and that you're doing His Work, just what He wants, when you strike down (American) infidels. These Abrahamic religious views - or Abrahamic religious "theories" - have directly or indirectly costed us billions to fight under pseudonyms like "terrorism," "culture wars," etc.

If one cares about human performance or civilization (or the continued ascent of humanity in the 21st century)(yes, even as the world runs out of oil), then the Abrahamic religion's footprint in today's world is hardly irrelevant and needs addressing, dealing with.

.....

Obviously we will never be able to turn the clock back on the origin of life to see how the processes unfolded exactly. This the case, all we have to work with now beyond evidence and systems of knowledge are speculations and theories.

Choose your theory to support and pull the trigger. Or remain on the fence. It's believer's choice. It's mind's choice.

.....

Evolution of life... via evolution of protobiotic replicator molecules... via proto-bacteria... via cell colonies... via polyps, etc.... is an acceptable working theory for inclusion in my own personal belief system and practice of living for moving forward.

The point is that this working theory is a great deal more "acceptable" and satisfying than anything on offer from any Abrahamic religion. More relevant, too. (Though R Santorum would disagree.)
Paul Martzen

Trad climber
Fresno
Feb 27, 2012 - 02:59pm PT
Hey BASE104, Just want to say thanks for your super interesting posts about core samples and geological layers. Really fascinating for me to hear about the things you find out as a byproduct of searching for oil.

I also wonder about whether the creation of life was a one time occurrence or an ongoing process. Seems to me that it almost has to be an ongoing process when ever conditions are right. But, if all life has the same genome foundation, then it is hard to argue that there are multiple sources of life. Perhaps our strand of life became so dominant that it is just extremely difficult to find examples of competing strands, or that those other strands are at such a basic level that we do not recognize them as life. Lets take viruses for instance. I have no idea how viruses come into existence or whether it is possible to trace a viral family tree.

Another possibility is that there was such a free sharing of genetic material and proteins in the early stages of life development that the contributions of various strands of life are all intermixed. Like rock climbers in a way. Many of us could trace our heritage back through our teachers, but there has been such a sharing of information that we all have fairly similar ways of climbing. We have similarities not because we all learned from the same individual, but because we have learned from the same larger community with its shared knowledge and evolving traditions.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:00am PT
If you take the idea that you put a lot of ingredients into the soup and cook it until life comes out, you have an issue with the recipe, and knowing what ingredients are available to you.

The problem with DNA and with RNA is the difficulty of creating them in the first place from the primordial ooze. People have tried... so there is a retrenching and attempts at other recipes... here is an interesting one

http://www.pnas.org/content/97/8/3868.full
PNAS April 11, 2000 vol. 97 no. 8 3868-3871
Peptide nucleic acids rather than RNA may have been the first genetic molecule
Kevin E. Nelson, Matthew Levy, and Stanley L. Miller

But my suspicion is that we can keep trying to work through the possible combinations and never stumble upon "the one" and even more tragic, we might have it in the lab and not recognize it...

in the paper: Nonenzymatic Template-directed Synthesis of Informational Macromolecules by G.F. JOYCE Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, Volume 52, p41 (1987) http://symposium.cshlp.org/content/52/41.full.pdf we get a flavor of what reducing the problem to it's essence is all about:

"Two informational processes are fundamental to the operation of an evolving system. First, the genetic information must be replicated in order to compensate for the inevitable loss of individual copies due to chemical degradation. Second, the genetic information must be expressed as a behavioral phenotype so that its usefulness can be assessed by natural selection. In biology, both of these processes rely on the use of a polymerase enzyme. Following the central dogma, replication utilizes a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase to produce additional copies of itself, whereas expression utilizes a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase to produce mRNA, which is then translated to protein. A modern extension of the central dogma would include RNA viral genomes that can be replicated by an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and RNA enzymes that are transcribed directly from DNA.

In trying to capture the ability to evolve catalytic materials in the laboratory, we ask, What are the minimum requirements for the construction of a chemical evolving system? The basic requirement is for an informational macromolecule that can be replicated irrespective of its primary sequence and can be expressed as a behavioral phenotype in a way that is sequence-dependent. If the system is to be self-sustaining, then it is also required that the ability to carry out replication and expression be part of the expressed phenotype. Taking a cue from biology, the most attractive candidates for the role of informational macromolecule are those compounds that have inherent template properties. Templating greatly simplifies the task of information transfer during the replication process. The ideal candidate would be a polymer that acts as a template to direct the synthesis of additional copies of itself. Biology has settled on a slightly more complicated solution by relying on the reciprocal synthesis of complementary templates."

but this is still descriptive, and still relates to the recipe ingredients that we know about, not the general problem of abiogenesis, though you can see it going in that direction. The paper concludes with a promising candidate reaction, but concludes that there are known problems with that candidate.

The more general problem is also discussed at this symposium: Evolution of the Genetic Apparatus: A Review by L.E. ORGEL Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, Volume 52, p9 (1987) http://symposium.cshlp.org/content/52/9.full.pdf+html here we get a discussion of "genetic chemistry" and some of the more general issues: "The first appearance of a mechanism of molecular memory based on replication was a crucial event in the origins of life. Any macromolecule, however remarkable its properties, must ultimately have decomposed. Without a memory mechanism, it could have had no long-term effect on the chemistry of its environment. Only macromolecules that operated on their environment to produce further copies of themselves had an evolutionary future. This seems to be generally accepted. Everything about the nature of the first replicating molecules on the primitive earth remains controversial."

If you've read down this far you probably have formed an opinion that this is all a work in progress, much work has been done to try to put the pieces together and see if it all works out, and though much has been learned, it is usually in the form of a "failed" hypothesis.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:48am PT
Those are interesting reads, Ed.

It seems that the crux of the biscuit is discovering a credible hypothesis s to how life could have started as self-assembling organic molecules through strictly "naturalistic" means, whereby inorganic matter organized itself.

This to be sounds like trying to explain a supposedly mechanical procedure sans a mechanism. Not sure I follow how that's workable.

JL
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 28, 2012 - 01:02am PT
it may not be workable, but it is the pursuit of a hypothesis of abiogenesis... in comprehensive reviews the possibility of material getting to Earth by meteorite collision is often invoked when the going gets rough for purely terrestrial mechanisms... turning the "Great Bombardment" into some crazed egg/sperm "dance," a bit violent.

Of course, that pushes the abiogenesis to some other place and time, guaranteeing that we will not reveal the mechanism by puttering around in the lab with all those molecules, forcing the issue of creating a theory which explains how such physical systems can exist.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 28, 2012 - 04:12am PT
This to be sounds like trying to explain a supposedly mechanical procedure sans a mechanism. Not sure I follow how that's workable.

Largo, even if replicating organic biochemistry was of metaphysical origins, at some point these systems were physically manifest. And given the many strange molecular mechanisms variously involved in these replications it's a safe bet the first manifestations were pretty damn simple. So simple, and potentially something obtuse or completely out of left field, that it may be on par with looking for a particular grain of sand on a beach. It could also easily be something we might never think in hundreds of years given how many permutations over millions of years it likely took to manifest itself into a form we can recognize.

I for one certainly don't believe there was any molecular Adam and Eve conjured in whole fabric out of some metaphysical consciousness. But however it got going, it's a fascinating exercise in imagination to even try narrowing it down.
WBraun

climber
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:01am PT
healyje -- "I for one certainly don't believe ..."

The proponents here of modern science has prided itself immensely on basis of facts and that religion is it based on the inferior method of belief, faith and fairy tales.

Instead we see its proponents constant contradictions and hypocrisy.

healyie -- "But however it got going, it's a fascinating exercise in imagination ... "

Here again the same contradiction and hypocrisy when modern science says in their quest for knowledge "it's a fascinating exercise in imagination"

Modern science caught with it's pants down and foot in mouth.

Thus "they make up sh!t as they go along" under the guise of "Science"

Just saying ..... :-)
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:13am PT
Modern science caught with it's pants down and foot in mouth.

Thus "they make up sh!t as they go along" under the guise of "Science"

Science has its pants down on a bewildering number of topics if you blame it for not understanding everything.

A lot of things are understood. Just look around you and see how fast things are changing. The things about nature that are not understood is unknown. How to we know how much we Don't know.

Myself, I just like wondering about things, mainly rocks. A pebble can contain an unreal amount of information.

Deifying science is very dangerous. It is no good for that. There is too much back and forth and free exchange of ideas. Look at climate study. If you publish in that arena, you are under intense scrutiny.

If I do crappy work I just get fired.

WBraun

climber
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:30am PT
Deifying science is very dangerous.

Who's deifying science?

Certainly not me. It may "look" like that to you.

My previous post was just a friendly karma kick back to the individuals (and they who they are) for their incessant idiotic lambasts in the "name of science" in the past .....

Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:31am PT
...thanks for the karmic kick back Werner!
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:37am PT
I can't stand people using the word "science" like it is a dirty word.

Science is just figuring out nature. Not more.

If you take apart an old radio and figure out how it works, that is very similar to science. It is also reductionism and materialism that Largo doesn't like.

A mechanic is much like a scientist. He figures out how engines work and then fixes them. He gets the data on how the engine behaves, runs some tests to aquire data, and then comes up with a hypothesis of what is wrong. Then he goes and fixes that part. If that was the problem, then his hypothesis held water. If it was something else, he starts over.

It isn't hocus pocus. I know how to find oil. That may sound like some amazing thing, but it is really pretty fundamental. I could teach you enough to understand it in a weekend seminar.

It is cool, though. Put a gold star on the map (PLEASE DRILL HERE!), and then a big drilling rig shows up, drills down to the target, and you hit it within ten vertical feet, even though it may be two miles deep and take 6 weeks to get there.

That part is cool. It isn't particle physics, though.

Sierra Ledge Rat

Social climber
Retired to Appalachia
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:40am PT
my recommendation is to teach it as it is, as a science
and since you are teaching a science class, that is all you need to consider, the science.

The problem is that the Evangelical christians will tell you that their alternate theories are also science, "But it's just a different kind of science than the narrow-minded Western view of science."

They also want to attribute everything that is unexplainable to "God."

I say it's like teaching calculus to a dog. There are some things that a dog will never understand. A dog might look up at a jetliner and think that it's a sign from God because it is far beyond it's comprehension.

Humans may never be able to understand everything. That doesn't mean that it's all an act of God. Science is helping us to learn more and more and understand our world.

If you ever get a chance to read Darwin's book, it makes it clear as day.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:41am PT
To the original question, I would have to say that it would be best to skip trying to teach anything about the origin of life. Evolution, as a scientific theory, is not so much about that origin of life as it is about natural selection and processes like mutation (simplifying things a bit). The stuff of which Darwin wrote is plenty of evolution to start with.

One thing that is important about the origin of life is that there is no evidence about it in any form at all other than existing life forms. We may be too far removed from it to be able to come up with testable theories. Even with a theory, experimentation is difficult because we don't have billions of years to run the experiments.

Teach the evolution that Darwin knew. Teach about the evidence and the processes that are known to us. Some information about evolution is considered fact, not theory, because there have been reproducible experiments that have been conclusive. Find that stuff and teach that.

Dave
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:46am PT
I should also say that sometimes people just expect scientists to figure things out for them in a type of blind faith. Like there is some kind of magic involved.

Maybe something can be figured out or not, but just wanting has nothing to do with it.

Everyone is a scientist to some degree or another. We often think and solve all sorts of problems using a logical method on a daily basis.

donini

Trad climber
Ouray, Colorado
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:49am PT
Bottom line: you can "teach" evolution, you can only "preach" creationism.
Would you rather be taught or preached to?
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:51am PT
The problem is that the Evangelical christians will tell you that their alternate theories are also science, "But it's just a different kind of science than the narrow-minded Western view of science."

And they would be wrong. I can call my cat a dog all day long but it's never gonna be a dog. Faith and religion is not science. Science involves more than just talking about stuff and picking what sounds nice. Sometimes "doing" science results in being proven wrong about something, a situation that is not allowed in religion.

If the evangelicals really thought that they were involved in science then they would be forced to accept the possibility that other religions and concepts of God might be right and theirs might be wrong. Does the Pope really read the Quran and think "This might the right?"

Comparing science and religion is fine but teach that in a philosophy class where physical evidence is not part of the discussion and anecdotal evidence written thousands of year ago is the norm.

Dave
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:52am PT
One thing that is important about the origin of life is that there is no evidence about it in any form at all other than existing life forms. We may be too far removed from it to be able to come up with testable theories. Even with a theory, experimentation is difficult because we don't have billions of years to run the experiments.

But that is the point of having a physical theory, that it is testable. It does not have to demonstrate, step by step, how life was formed any more than evolution has to show, step by step, how life evolved. The theory is still testable, it makes hypotheses which can be falsified by observation, or shown to be consistent with observation.

While the inability to detail the specific history of life on Earth may be a disappointment to many, it is not a necessary requirement for a physical theory of life.

I don't see how you can avoid a discussion of the origin of life as any smart student will do the extrapolation "back in time" and come up with that question. It can be turned into a teaching opportunity regarding the nature of scientific research.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:53am PT
I agree with SLR.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:58am PT
Ed put it well. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.

Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:59am PT
the possibility that religious belief is an evolved behavior that conveys a survival benefit... sort of the physical universe's own little joke..

Religious belief as the physical universe's own little joke on itself is a very creative way of looking at it but I can't help but think this is like Chuang-tze's butterfly dream. One could just as well say, the physical universe is Universal Consciousness' own little joke on itself.

Meanwhile, science is researching the interface between the two. The New York Times today has an interesting article on a new book about the science behind yoga, done with studies of brain waves while people maintained certain postures and breathing regimes. Among other things, it notes the link between yoga and enhanced sexuality and sexuality and spirituality.

I believe the coming century will solve a lot of mysteries regarding the consciousness-physicality dichotomy not just through reductionism but through studies from a whole systems approach. Understanding the overlap first and then working backward in a reductionistic fashion might lend better results with humans at least, than trying to understand the evolution of complex systems through extrapolating from molecules.
cowpoke

climber
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:03pm PT
The problem is that the Evangelical christians will tell you that their alternate theories are also science, "But it's just a different kind of science than the narrow-minded Western view of science."
SLR, you should provide some evidence or, at the very least, one example of Evangelical Christians claiming that their beliefs "are also science..." It is a strange perspective that you are claiming they have (that does not make sense from a faith or a science perspective) and one that I have never personally encountered, but I've been surprised before...so surprise me with some evidence.
WBraun

climber
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:08pm PT
beliefs "are also science..."

You can't say that.

I could make up sh!t and say a giraffe lives in my stomach because I believe it to be so.
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:08pm PT
Base104 stated:


I can't stand people using the word "science" like it is a dirty word.


Recently, it seems to have become the in thing to do, to "bash" science, to somehow seek to ridicule "learning", people with advanced degrees

This is done by calling them "elitists"

WHY?

Presumably because it makes the bad mouther feel better about themselves

As if to say I am just as good as you people with your college degrees, your "learning",
I may not be as smarty as you are but I can sit back and throw criticisms and personal insults anyway. So there. See, I feel better now.

monolith

climber
albany,ca
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:09pm PT
Look at http://www.icr.org/ for an example where creation research is considered science, making it eligible to be taught alongside evolution (or even replace with the right school board).
cowpoke

climber
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:32pm PT
Ah, thanks, monolith. I think I misunderstood SLR to be speaking of people claiming their beliefs are science. But, if I now understand correctly, I agree that people often claim their beliefs are supported by science...and often using flawed work that does not stand up to empirical scrutiny.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:52pm PT
One thing that is important about the origin of life is that there is no evidence about it in any form at all other than existing life forms. We may be too far removed from it to be able to come up with testable theories. Even with a theory, experimentation is difficult because we don't have billions of years to run the experiments.

But that is the point of having a physical theory, that it is testable. It does not have to demonstrate, step by step, how life was formed any more than evolution has to show, step by step, how life evolved. The theory is still testable, it makes hypotheses which can be falsified by observation, or shown to be consistent with observation.

While the inability to detail the specific history of life on Earth may be a disappointment to many, it is not a necessary requirement for a physical theory of life.

I don't see how you can avoid a discussion of the origin of life as any smart student will do the extrapolation "back in time" and come up with that question. It can be turned into a teaching opportunity regarding the nature of scientific research.

I have read about experiments in creating life from non-life. I recall that the experiments did yield interesting results scientifically but that the experiments and results were not enough to show life from non-life. They just showed that certain processes that would be expected to happen in that situation can happen.

You are absolutely right and I didn't give the idea enough thought. The discussion would get back to the origin of life. It would not make sense to skip it. It does seem like a difficult thing to teach in any sort of beginning class though. I'll have to ask my daughter in HS if they got into that when they were learning about evolution in bio last year.

I'm glad to hear opinions in these forums from people who are much clearer thinkers than I.

Dave
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 28, 2012 - 12:59pm PT
SLR, you should provide some evidence or, at the very least, one example of Evangelical Christians claiming that their beliefs "are also science..."

How about http://christianscience.com/what-is-christian-science?

I'm not sure if it's strong evidence but the words "christian" and "science" are right there together. That's got to count towards something.

Dave
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 28, 2012 - 01:16pm PT
I for one certainly don't believe there was any molecular Adam and Eve conjured in whole fabric out of some metaphysical consciousness.
--


While I have never suggested that the above is what I believe, some put this forth as though I secretly believe it. This tells me that many people can only imagine either a mechanistic or biblical explanation for "creation."

Also, I get broad sided for questioning the absolutely hegemony of materialism and reductionism because for me, it all starts to break down early on.

Now here, with Abiogenisis, we're presented with two options: one, matter orgainzed itself, producing by strictly random and undirected means, some of the most astonishing constructs in the universe: RNA/DNA. And the other, where a folksey God bequeaths Adam and Eve from some "metaphysical consciousness," whatever that is. While I am not partial to either narrative, the latter has the advantage of something remarkably complex emerging from an intelligent source, while the former suggests this all "just happend," and they seek to call that pronouncement "science." Many smart people are exhausting themselves trying to discover how life simply emerged, basically from the composite parts. Of course they will never get there - and it is easy to see why.

Lastly, if life was so easy and simple to kick start, as one person mentioned, we will surly be able to accomplish this facile task ourselves any day now, wouldn't you think?

As I said earlier, I think the whole idea of "creation" is the false note in all of these arguments.

JL
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 28, 2012 - 01:40pm PT
be honest, you've never taken physics and chemistry courses - even better a slew of them over several years - in which you've felt a connection to them.

am I right?

a folksey God bequeaths Adam and Eve from some "metaphysical consciousness," whatever that is

On the last page or two, you said it was tedious to bring up the Abrahamic narrative yet again - calling it something of a deadend - and yet here YOU just did it. I guess it's with us all for life, eh? lol

Many smart people are exhausting themselves trying to discover how life simply emerged, basically from the composite parts.

Hey, welcome to the Enlightenment 3.0 - marked by a passion for science and science education - which it likes to discuss. A lot. Like climbing. ;)
cowpoke

climber
Feb 28, 2012 - 01:48pm PT
I'm not sure if it's strong evidence but the words "christian" and "science" are right there together.
Dave, I misunderstood SLR's post so my question of evidence is unnecessary, but the SLR post was referring to Evangelical Christians and not Christian Scientists, two distinct faith/belief systems/traditions.
Eric
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 28, 2012 - 02:12pm PT
re: adaptive fiction

Of course the real juicy question is... if abiogenesis were in fact true and we were mechanistic material beings - top to bottom through and through - like the "lowliest" primate with but one life to live - would this be something (a) you could adapt to and embrace (and perhaps work into a narrative of its own with which to live) or (b) would this be something you'd like to cover up and disguise over with (what's becoming known in evolutionary religious studies as) an "adaptive fiction."

I see humanity splitting on this issue. Perhaps under the right circumstances even, speciating over this issue.

Also, just because a few individuals in the pack could adapt to abiogenesis, evolution, materialism, monegesis (one life to live), etc. doesn't mean the majority could. Now if this is true, then the better life strategy might be: if you can't beat em, join em (in the adaptive fiction) or when in Rome (with its adaptive fiction) do as the romans. (Now this might explain the romney's of the world.)

Would you lie about not being an evolutionist if you could be governor or president? Would you lie and say you were a Muslim (assuming of course you could pull this charade off) if you blinked and suddenly found yourself in a Taliban camp? or would you proudly declare your atheism when asked? Just what are the life strategies to employ in the service of survival and reproducibility? Is the pursuit of truth always the best life strategy? Just how inviolate is our "duty" to truth in a ultimately pointless universe? (Light questions to contemplate during the lunch hour.)
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 28, 2012 - 02:41pm PT
be honest, you've never taken physics and chemistry courses - even better a slew of them over several years - in which you've felt a connection to them.

am I right?


Questioning one's education is an old trick to say, Oh, well, the duffer lacks the requsite edjamacation to fully grasp the nuances of the subject.

In the context of abiogensis, you're saying that if I only had the physics and chemistry background, I would better appreciate and could fully grasp - according to established science - how RNA/DNA and replicating cells accidentally or spontaneously appeared in the material world. Ed has been asking for a theory about how this was all possible - no takers so far.

We have been told that the emergence of life was a certain thing given the fabulous nature of the primordial soup, so rich and volatile were the ingredients. This is like saying Greek is such a rich language that Homer's Odyssey could easily have written itself - providing I had the required courses in Greek to fully appreciate said epic

Another angle provided is that life evolved so slowly that it is impossible to say - in the wide spread of things - when the bucolic protein became little Jimmy. Or conversely, life emerged as a mutation, basically all at once, in a flash. Or it was such a simple process that we might never discover how in a million years. Or as Ed pointed out, the true origins were air mailed from outer space in the long ago past, which simply predates said origins to some earlier time and place.

It's one thing to trot out these daffy explanations and say, if only you had the book learning, you'd grasp what was involved. It's another thing to actually expect educated folks to say, "By golly, it must be so because that dude can quantify the living sh#t out of stuff so he must be right."

Not so much. . . .

JL

healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 28, 2012 - 02:47pm PT
Largo: While I have never suggested that the above is what I believe, some put this forth as though I secretly believe it. This tells me that many people can only imagine either a mechanistic or biblical explanation for "creation."

Hmmmm, not sure I'm buying that second sentence. But my take on it is that once you get all the way down to the 'soup' and the first self-replicating biochemical manifestation it almost doesn't matter whether you work backwards from the physical or forward from the [conscious] metaphysical. That is, except for the fact that once you really start looking at the 'guts' and details of the biomolecular mechanisms around the operation / expression of RNA and DNA you are presented with a wondrous bounty of mechanisms that in turn are elegant, bizarre, obvious hacks, workarounds, shakey, outlandish, fragile, and prone to error. In short, they are in no way what I'd personally come up with if I were the 'consciousness' doing the 'designing' - no way, Jose! - what a crock of shite hacks.

Our bodies (the 10% human and 90% symbiant cells) are such a hack and kludge job on so many levels it's a wonder we survive in spite of it all. I simply have a very hard time believing that this is the best a 'designer' could come up with. I mean if the mechanisms of life as it is expressed on Earth are someone's idea of good or elegant 'design' then they should immediately be demoted back to inorganic forms.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 28, 2012 - 04:01pm PT
I have to defend Largo here... and while I firmly believe there is a physical explanation for life, we just don't have a theory of life that comes anywhere close to being consistent with observation.

After trying to find ways of assembling organic molecules, first into DNA, then into RNA, then into preRNA, and into protein polymers... we find the problem of building this stuff up from the bottom to be daunting.

Of course we've only been doing it for a few decades, not a few 100 million years... and the sort of combinational chemistry that was available during the early period of Earth's history certainly exceeds our current capabilities in the lab, but even that might be something that can be done, either experimentally or calculationally.

Further, it cannot be ruled out that the bits of molecular stuff that kick starts life didn't come from some extraterrestrial stuff, like meteorites... in which case, since we don't know the origin of the meteorites we have no way to constrain the chemistries... this doesn't suggest that abiogenesis didn't occur, but that we will never know the conditions under which it occurred.

In any case, the physical phenomena of life most likely involves aspects of physics, chemistry and biology that are yet to be understood, in particular, the nature of chemical processes that change the local entropy in such a way as to be self sustaining. That generalization, even beyond chemistry, would be interesting to study and is more likely to provide a scientific explanation and understanding of life that could be difficult or impossible to "produce" in the lab.

Largo's position is entirely defendable, our current "theory of life" isn't much of a theory, and what has been stated so far on this thread is just the restatement of the observation of life, and the expression of belief in a physical theory yet to be proposed.

Once again, if you think you have done more than that, your theory should be able to state, in a concise way with "mathematical precision" what life is....
...no one's done that yet, either on this blog or in the larger scientific literature.

healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 28, 2012 - 04:06pm PT
I wasn't in any way 'attacking' Largo's comment, but rather merely commenting on overall implausibility of the 'design' argument based on what a lousy job the 'designer' did over and over.

My only criticism of his overall blog commentary is with his perceptions around science and the unknown. That something is unknown is the best part and the whole point of science and no different than unclimbed rock from my perspective - it's entirely ok that we don't know a lot of stuff in the same way it's ok there is a lot of rock that hasn't been climbed. I get the sense, though, philosophers tend to get up some serious angst when presented with the unknown and unknowable.
cliffhanger

Trad climber
California
Feb 28, 2012 - 04:14pm PT
God is fond of the seed form. The biggest trees and animals all start from a microscopic single cell. The same for the universe. Everything was enfolded by God into the incredibly precise initial conditions of the Big Bang. At the moment of the Bang the creating was done and everything unfolded from there. Evolution is just the unfolding of the extremely precise initial conditions. Evolution is just how God did it.

The Biblical story of creation was never meant to be scientific. Take Genesis 3:19 - for dust thou art and to dust thou shalt return. This is way off scientifically. Dust is just the most tangible part, but only comprises 4% of the body. 60% is water that came from the air as condensed vapor. And 36% is carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen that was taken from the air in the form of CO2 and N2 by plants, along with some water that was split into H and O. That means 96% of the body comes from the air. A much more scientific statement would have read: for air thou art and to air thou shalt return. But 4000 years ago few, if any, would understand what that meant.
Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Feb 28, 2012 - 04:19pm PT
Largo says: "Now here, with Abiogenisis, we're presented with two options: one, matter orgainzed itself, producing by strictly random and undirected means, some of the most astonishing constructs in the universe: RNA/DNA. And the other, where a folksey God bequeaths Adam and Eve from some "metaphysical consciousness," whatever that is. While I am not partial to either narrative, the latter has the advantage of something remarkably complex emerging from an intelligent source, while the former suggests this all "just happend," and they seek to call that pronouncement "science."

Comment:
From what we have seen till now through the history of science we have every reason to believe that there will in the end be a physical/bio-organic explanation if there will ever be a well grounded explanation. The idea of an intelligent designer behind RNA, DNA, the atom and so on are new instances of the belief in the God of gaps. The God myth as explanation doesn't add anything to our understanding.

Of course Largo is free to find an advantage where he wants to find it.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 28, 2012 - 04:30pm PT
Questioning one's education is an old trick

One's education translates to experience and training. Experience and training in the sciences matters every bit as much as experience and training in other fields.

On these threads one needs to think about experience (or education) at some point.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 28, 2012 - 04:30pm PT
I have to defend Largo here...

Your choice. But from what?

we just don't have a theory of life that comes anywhere close to being consistent with observation.

Untrue.

After trying to find ways of assembling organic molecules, first into DNA, then into RNA, then into preRNA, and into protein polymers... we find the problem of building this stuff up from the bottom to be daunting.

Sure it would be daunting. But what's your point?

your theory should be able to state, in a concise way with "mathematical precision" what life is....

Untrue. This is biology. Biological theories don't have to have a basis or a rendering in mathematics to be valid. Or to be proposed or followed as a basis of belief or action. Or to be conceived as being "obedient to" to underlying chemistry and physics.

High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 28, 2012 - 04:47pm PT
Largo's position is entirely defendable,
this is so not true
our current "theory of life" isn't much of a theory
sorry, just don't get this at all
and what has been stated so far on this thread is just the restatement of the observation of life
just don't get this either
and the expression of belief in a physical theory yet to be proposed.
dang, nor this.

Sorry.

.....

Now, if by "physical theory" you mean all the events of the biology (model) reduced to physics and rendered into math and equations that just ain't going to happen. And who would need that to happen anyway? Certainly not me before I would support it. (Esp before and in relation to any Abrahamic model for how life works.)
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 28, 2012 - 05:05pm PT
Lastly, if life was so easy and simple to kick start, as one person mentioned, we will surly be able to accomplish this facile task ourselves any day now, wouldn't you think?

Just one small point. It may be that the odds of inorganic matter accidentally forming life are so small that it took a nearly infinite number of universes over an nearly infinite amount of time to have it happen just this once. And if it were that rare and unlikely then we will never reproduce it in a test tube.

And even if the odds of rolling a seven are 5 to 1, you might still roll it on the first roll. Life might be so improbable that our existence is a freak of nature, so to speak.

I'm sure that we all know that the early life was not at all a strand of DNA being converted to RNA then converted to proteins as happens now.

Dave

P.S. And now a huge deja-vu. I remember writing this post in the past and have a feeling about what will happen next. It's cool when that happens.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Feb 28, 2012 - 05:07pm PT
Life forms are far too complicated to form mathematical probabilities of their existence based on their structure. We can't even use math to predict simple events and organic life is not simple.

Dave
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 28, 2012 - 05:35pm PT
Ed said: Largo's position is entirely defendable,

Fruity said: This is so not true.

My "position" is that if looked closely enough, all of the arguments and definitions about the "creation" of just about anything radically fall apart at some level in the so-called causal chain and at this point we either get a bunch of erudite run-arounds clothed in "scientific" argot, or we get the most puerile double-talk about how matter just manages to become conscious, or forms into replicating cells, or simply appears out of the void - somehow.

In pointing this out, I am lambasted as lacking scientific acumen, as being afraid of the unknown or unknowable, or not appreciating the nuances, in creating straw man arguments (from people who not even know what a straw man is), or playing off paradoxes like a sly joke, yada yada.

So, if Fruity is correct, and it is so "not true" that existing threories about abiogensis are not fraught with foundational problems of Homeric proportions, then what, exactly is the theory to which one and all feel is "so true?" and on what specific observations is this theory based?


JL
jsavage

climber
Bishop, CA
Feb 28, 2012 - 05:43pm PT
Just graded the exams that covered the evolution unit I just finished teaching to my 9th and 10th graders. They did pretty well. I've never had an entire group of students all understand it so well. Skywalker, send an email if you still want some ideas on angles for helping people understand how it works. Jim
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 28, 2012 - 06:09pm PT
I'd say our imagination around abiogensis is quite alive and well, but our various specific theories around how it actually happen barely rise above the level of conjecture. And that's ok, we're really early in the cycle being only 61 years out from the original Miller-Urey attempts.

Largo: My "position" is that if looked closely enough, all of the arguments and definitions about the "creation" of just about anything radically fall apart at some level in the so-called causal chain...

True, but they also fall completely apart to the same degree when looked at from the metaphysical / consciousness / design perspective. And I'm not 'lambasting' you anything, but rather suggesting you seem at times to be bordering on intolerant when it comes the fact we simply don't know yet; that the fact we don't know has somehow has special gravity and immediately implies we will never know it. Just seems like an odd perspective for someone with so many FAs.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 28, 2012 - 07:02pm PT
True, but they also fall completely apart to the same degree when looked at from the metaphysical / consciousness / design perspective. And I'm not 'lambasting' you anything, but rather suggesting you seem at times to be bordering on intolerant when it comes the fact we simply don't know yet; that the fact we don't know has somehow has special gravity and immediately implies we will never know it. Just seems like an odd perspective for someone with so many FAs.
--


I'm not intolerant that we don't have a working materialistic explanation per "creation," I'm questioning the dead certainty many have per a materialist explanation being forthcoming soon as the key data rolls in. Likewise, that people pit metaphysical/consciousness design models against the materialist model when in fact what most are doing is pitting a Biblical model against the materialist model.

There are hundreds of possible consciousnss models to probe "creation," including the idea that matter is not pushed, bottom up, but is pulled by some ungraspable force whereby matter, by fits and starts, is left to work its way toward becoming conscious, which might acount for the many false starts and "junk" leftovers in our DNA. Or that nothing was ever created per se, but that everything not manifest is latently present in everything else - which has shades of Boehm's Implicate Order in it. Hell if I know what the answer is.

Going back to the insufferable "mind" thread, just for a sec., nothing falls apart more thoroughly and rapidly than a materialistic explanation for subjective experience. The best people can do is to claim that brain function and experience are the same things - which is something you'd expect to hear from Mr. Ed ( the horse, not the esteemed Physicist and ice climber), but not a honest well reasoned person.

At the level of first or "efficient" causes, none of us know sh#t.

JL
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 28, 2012 - 07:24pm PT
I wouldn't argue the point of us not knowing, but do view the issue of the leap from inanimate to alive and from mind to consciousness as pretty much identical in terms of it's all basically conjecture at this point. We can follow either back to a certain point and then we clearly don't know. But again, we're learning every day.

One side note, the idea that we have 'junk' DNA is at this point looking more like another rush to judgment in the face of the unknown. Based on what we are currently learning, it's likely none of our DNA is 'junk', but rather serves a purpose either in expression or repair and of course a good chunk of that 'junk' - both ancient and recent - is invasive and part of our on-going battles with a churning world of external fungi, bacteria, and viruses. That's where HERVs and Retrotransposons make for some fascinating reading and gives you the impression the 'designers' were reading some real gas scifi and horror novels.
WBraun

climber
Feb 28, 2012 - 09:06pm PT
healyje -- " ... based on what a lousy job the 'designer' did over and over."

It was done on purpose.

jail is not supposed to be pleasant.

And means you have no brain to understand.

You project all your own faults, imperfections etc onto the world outside of you.

Actually it's perfectly designed ...

High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Feb 28, 2012 - 09:37pm PT
What a shame. Between the illiteracy (or should I say inexperience) and kowtowing this thread's disintegrated into jibberish.

The proof or story or model or theory (however you want to say it) of life and its origins is the outcome of decades upon decades of circumstantial if not direct evidence and it's revealed/learnable in all the textbooks of all the sciences.

It all points to what many are calling The Evolutionary Epic or Scientific Story. And to those who have followed it all their lives through books and hands-on experience it reads as plain as day in countless aspects and dimensions. But what is most important, for many a modern progressive, it beats the stuffing out of the collection of truthclaims on offer from our history's religions. That should be the takeaway.

 To the supernaturalists... Get yourselves a science education - hopefully one that's multidisciplinary.

 To the scientists, engineers, techs, etc....

Don't let the pursuit of the perfect get in the way of the good.

 To the atheists... start looking beyond theism. Let it go.
klk

Trad climber
cali
Feb 28, 2012 - 10:53pm PT
i lectured on evolution today. but it was climbing related, so i felt obliged to include it in this thread.

we started on the summit of mont blanc, then ran from saussure through lyell and the emergence of "geology" and other fields as the run in.

then darwin. they have to navigate the variorum.

http://darwin-online.org.uk/Variorum/index.html



BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:10pm PT
Dr.F, we don't know that. Yeah, it is kind of like a religious statement to talk about Panspermia, but lots of complex organic molecules have been found in meteorites.

Or it could be God after all. The problem with passing it to God is that over and over the origin myths are inconsistent with tons of evidence. What is more interesting is that the majority of the world does believe in a God or supernatural being.

Yeah, they like microwave ovens and pretty Hubble photos, but the Pentecostal Christianity that is prevalent these days is very inflexible.

So positing a supernatural answer is akin to just giving up.

I still don't get Largo. He is so sure that it will never be solved. I am not that sure about anything other than empirical evidence, and even that can be misinterpreted. I think that he is trapped in an inflexible ideology. His posts are very consistent on this.

If you consider everything, even Largo's point of view, you are alright. You just need to consider everything.

Reductionism has been very fruitful. All it is is reducing things to their simplest parts and seeing if they explain things. It works well with many ideas. Most ideas.

Everyone is taking it easy on Largo because he is Largo. Well, I don't think that he has any unique insights, and his inflexibility is a type of logic that almost guarantees failure. Simply because he is dogmatic about a certain philosophy regarding how to understand things in nature.

He could be right, but he would make a terrible geologist. When looking at something, there are often many answers that are consistent with observation. It isn't some rigid whah whah. First you have to define the problem. Then you have to examine the problem.

The fact that there is currently no answer to the problem does not mean that there will never be an answer. Science is full of examples where what Largo calls the materialist/reductionist method works fine, although it often doesn't come easy and takes a lot of time. Many questions will be answered or revised in the future no doubt about that.

To say, with absolute conviction, that the origin of life cannot form from abiotic chemicals is folly. With an idea that is not understood, dogma will get you nowhere. Open your mind and consider all sorts of ideas.

I do that all of the time. There are tons of arm waving sessions with other guys when working a problem. Long before something gets published.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:14pm PT
Dr. F and HFCS, you cannot possibly be defending faith based science... you know you have to be at least predictive thus testable in your theorizing. And on the origin of life you don't have anything more than is out there... in one of the articles I linked above there was a quote from Francis Crick:

"An honest man, armed with all the knowledge available to us now, could only state that in some sense, the origin of life appears at the moment to be almost a miracle, so many are the conditions which would have had to have been satisfied to get it going" (Crick 1981). 1

the footnote 1 is: "The author qualifies this statement to make it clear that he does not believe that the origin of life was a miracle."

this was written in 1987, and we have not, since then, "discovered" the recipe of life... as I said, it is unlikely that this recipe will be found as there are many possible recipes, and the hypothesis that it comes from off planet is consistent with the observations.

WBraun

climber
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:20pm PT
The fact that there is currently no answer to the problem

You say that and speak for the whole universe.

You haven't been everywhere.

Now look who is being really dogmatic, rigid and claiming an absolute.

I thought your so called science does not deal in absolutes.

Although the word does exist and describes the meaning .....

Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 28, 2012 - 11:54pm PT
Everyone is taking it easy on Largo because he is Largo. Well, I don't think that he has any unique insights, and his inflexibility is a type of logic that almost guarantees failure. Simply because he is dogmatic about a certain philosophy regarding how to understand things in nature.


Since when has anyone taken it easy on me? I've been almost the only one calling baloney on all of this dogmatic certainty that's being fobbed off as science per the origin of things.

What kind of "logic" or inflexibility is at hand in asking how, exactly, did self replicating cells simply spring out of the soup. People like Fruity revert back to the same old arguments that if I only knew what he did, it would all be crystal clear - that material simply HAD to become conscious, and life was most certainly "born" here by way of this or that process, random, chaotic, accidental, self directed, ain't it wonderful, taking billions of years, et al. Science, as I understand it, is a precise business, down to the width of a light wave, so no, I can't cotton to non-answers fobbed off as manifest truths - if only I have the scientific acumen to understand. Even Ed is saying to pony up the goods on this one. But none are forthcoming and questioning same is now called "jibberish."

In looking at the so called "origin" or "creation" of things, or so far as life being "born" because fossils appear at a certain time, I reminded about the law of conservation of energy in physics.


"For an isolated system, this law means that energy can change its location within the system, and that it can change form within the system, for instance chemical energy can become kinetic energy, but that energy can be neither created nor destroyed."

If you ever doubt that life involved an energetic quotient, study a corpse, or watch someone die.

JL
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 29, 2012 - 12:08am PT
Its much more likely that it started here, and only here, in this solar system.

this is stated as in a way that seems to say you know how to calculate the likelihood. If you do, let's see the calculation. If not, then it is your opinion and you didn't mean to imply that you actually have a theory a consequence of which is the likely occurrence of life on the planet.

It is the realization that water, thought so necessary for life, was probably obtained from extraterrestrial sources that made an assay of stuff raining onto the Earth an interesting line of inquiry. In particular, you can read this talk from the meeting, "Conditions for the emergence of life on the early Earth" by Max Bernstein "Prebiotic materials from on and off the early Earth" (http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/361/1474/1689.full);

Abstract

One of the greatest puzzles of all time is how did life arise? It has been universally presumed that life arose in a soup rich in carbon compounds, but from where did these organic molecules come? In this article, I will review proposed terrestrial sources of prebiotic organic molecules, such as Miller–Urey synthesis (including how they would depend on the oxidation state of the atmosphere) and hydrothermal vents and also input from space. While the former is perhaps better known and more commonly taught in school, we now know that comet and asteroid dust deliver tons of organics to the Earth every day, therefore this flux of reduced carbon from space probably also played a role in making the Earth habitable. We will compare and contrast the types and abundances of organics from on and off the Earth given standard assumptions. Perhaps each process provided specific compounds (amino acids, sugars, amphiphiles) that were directly related to the origin or early evolution of life. In any case, whether planetary, nebular or interstellar, we will consider how one might attempt to distinguish between abiotic organic molecules from actual signs of life as part of a robotic search for life in the Solar System.




his basic point is that material important to the emergence of life on Earth could have come from cosmic dust falling onto Earth, the amount of it seems to be about as much as the synthesis of the same stuff by terrestrial means...

I don't see how you can dismiss it, I didn't write my description well enough, perhaps, and you thought I was talking about bugs being "galactic hitch hikers" or some such when I mean to refer to the stuff of life, the molecules that form the necessary ingredients to the recipe we seek...

go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Feb 29, 2012 - 12:21am PT
2 Corinthians 5:7 for we walk by faith, not by sight!
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 29, 2012 - 12:44am PT
so we know it wasn't 3 years...
we've got 6 more years on the prediction, anyone want to put a bet on these guys?

There basic "theory" seems to be that once you get this stuff together it will "live." Which might be plausible, but what it comes down to is the idea that some special set of chemical reactions can perform metabolic and reproductive activities once they get together, hardly a theory, really.

The issue is the characteristics of non-equilibrium systems and the "rules" that govern them. This sort of thinking will go a longer way to helping understand early life than staying up late in the kitchen mixing stuff together in the hope that you create some sort of killer dessert, randomly.

Even taking the hints that life gives us can be misleading... take an example from Kasting & Catling's article "Evolution of a Habitable Planet" from Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2003. 41:429–63 (http://cips.berkeley.edu/events/planets-life-seminar/kasting.pdf);:

"An early origin for life could explain one of the most intriguing features of the biological record: In evolutionary trees derived from sequencing of ribosomal RNA, most of the organisms near the root of the tree are hyperthermophiles with preferred growth temperatures in excess of 80ºC (Pace, Olsen & Woese 1986). One explanation for this finding is that life originated at high temperatures, perhaps in some midocean-ridge hydrothermal-vent system (Corliss, Baross & Hoffman 1981). However, this inference is vigorously contested by some prebiotic chemists who argue that life must have originated at lower temperatures at which amino acids and other organic precursor molecules are more stable (Bada, Bigham & Miller 1994). An alternate explanation for this observation is that life originated during the heavy-bombardment period. Life could have originated at low temperatures, then colonized the midocean-ridge vent systems. A large impact may have subsequently wiped out all surface life, leaving hyperthermophilic vent organisms to recolonize the entire planet (Sleep et al. 1989). This hypothesis can explain the phylogenetic data without requiring a high-temperature origin of life."




The point I would make here is that even knowing what life is on the Earth now is not sufficient to understand how life began, the number of possible scenarios which are consistent with observation may be large and indistinguishable. So putting together synthetic life, which may be entirely possible and interesting in its own right, may have nothing whatsoever to do with the origin of life.

Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 29, 2012 - 12:54am PT
the title of the article was "Artificial Life Likely in 3 to 10 Years"

the first sentences were 'Around the world, a handful of scientists are trying to create life from scratch and they're getting closer.
Experts expect an announcement within three to 10 years from someone in the now little-known field of "wet artificial life."'

as I said... 4 years in, 6 to go, anyone want to bet on them?

My other points still stand, even if they do it, it doesn't necessarily get us closer to understanding how life emerged on Earth.
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Feb 29, 2012 - 01:25am PT
Lots of liquid water + lots of chemicals + lots of energy + lots of time = life. QED.

Practice in thinking about what "lots" means is recommended, as humans have limited imaginations.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 29, 2012 - 02:25am PT
http://lifeorigin.org/

Provide a comprehensive model of how life emerged on earth and win a cool million dollars.

"The Origin-of-Life Prize" ® (hereafter called "the Prize") will be awarded for proposing a highly plausible natural-process mechanism for the spontaneous rise of genetic instructions in nature sufficient to give rise to life. The explanation must be consistent with empirical biochemical, kinetic, and thermodynamic concepts as further delineated herein, and be published in a well-respected, peer-reviewed science journal(s)."

Many of the articles listed on the lifeorigin site are informative.

There are also sites that take side-bets per whether or not anyone will win the prize in the next decade (pre-dated to 2009). Odd makers have the odds at 80 to 1 that no one cashes in my 2019. Meaning if you place a one dollar bet, you can win 80 if Fruity, say, comes up with said mechanism. Whose gonna put their money where their mouth is n this one?

JL
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 29, 2012 - 05:50am PT
Two of the three basic elements for creating an artificial cell have been accomplished - the cell membrane and nuclear DNA. What remains, as Largo would point out, is an operative, integrated energy source to drive the system.

But let's be clear, we've already created synthetic life from commercially ordered amino acids. In order to do it, however, Venter had to use the cellular infrastructure of an existing cell, sucking out it's DNA and replacing it with the commercially sourced version his team designed and engineered.

Szostak's work is attacking half of that core infrastructure piece - cell membranes, but from my perspective it's the integrated energy source piece of the infrastructure puzzle that will prove the most challenging. Without it you just have an inanimate sac of amino acid chains.


Werner: Actually it's perfectly designed ...

Sure it is - in that George Romero / John Carpenter / Wes Craven sort of way. Your naivety with regards to the ugly details of life's underlying mechanisms is typical; no one really wants to know or look under the hood because it's not a pretty or well-designed picture when you do.
Guangzhou

Trad climber
Asia, Indonesia, East Java
Feb 29, 2012 - 06:58am PT
The first time I had to teach Evolution in a Science Class, I was a bit worried too. I put together this handout for the introduction. I've taught it a few more times and have never had a parental issue.

Didn't paste well, but hope it helps. I can email you the word document is you want. (Has photos to help illustrtate) emmanuel at indoclimb.com

Eman

CLASSICAL EVOLUTIONARY THEORY

A. CHANGE WITHIN A SPECIE

A population of animals or plants represents a gene pool, a set of genes that are passed on to the next generation. As long as the environment is stable there will be little change. If a stress occurs, some animals or plants will die. The ones that live were the ones better able to meet the stress and pass on their genes (survival of the fittest). As the environment changes, the population gene pool shifts and changes thus changing the type of animals too.

B. ORIGIN OF SPECIES

A population becomes split by geography, a mountain rises, a river comes through, a storm separates etc.
1. The populations each adapt to the new environment in which they find themselves.
2. Changes then prevent breeding between the two separated populations
a. environment b. anatomy
c. behavior
3. Finally enough changes occur to give rise to a new specie.

C. EVIDENCES TO SUPPORT THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION

1. Fossils- a record that shows that animals and plants
have been different in the past and that older
fossils are generally less complex than younger fossils.
2. Dating- radioactive dating of carbon 14. Computations from rocks, the solar system and space all independently point to the earth being about 4.5 billion years old.

3. Living examples-
i. Darwin's observation on Galapagos islands of
iguanas, cormorants, turtles and finches.
ii. Australia- animals dramatically different;
a continent that separately early.

4. Homologous structures-
a. hand bones in the whales front fins
b. 5 digit palm in many land mammals

5. Embryonic Development
All vertebrates look remarkably similar in early stages and changes occur later in development of the embryo
a. human embryos have gill slits
b. kidney development in mammals go through the stage found in fish and frogs.

6. Repression and vestigial structures- appendix, tailbone and response to screech .

7. DNA can tell us how close one organism is to another organism and possibly point to evolutionary relationships.

8. Direct observation
a. drug resistance in bacteria
b. insect tolerance to DDT (pesticide)

9. Convergent Evolution (vs divergent)
Whales, seals and sharks body shapes.

PROBLEMS WITH THE CLASSICAL THEORY

1. DNA changes to the benefit of an animal so rarely that the time needed for changes are not statistically possible. Natural selection is too slow to do everything that has happened.

2. The cell is complex and the parts of the cell are interdependent. Since the whole is more than the sum of the parts, how could a cell evolve to its present complexity?

3. 10200 proteins are possible but we find out 100,000 (105) different ones in nature. Why so few choices if more could have evolved?

4.Why have few good links been found between any major groups of animals and plants? Why is there only one land mammal with man's abilities?

5. Miller's experiment- He didn't leave the amino acids in the soup. If he had done so, they would break down as fast as they were made. No stability.

CONCLUSION- There are problems with evolutionary theory but it is a powerful theory that does explain many phenomena which have been observed. No doubt, some genetic changes do occur in nature.

MODIFIERS- Stephen J. Gould and others think that massive radiation and stress caused quick changes in the evolution of life and that this is hard to find in the fossil record. Quantum leaps in specie formation occurred in short periods of time, not gradually like Darwin thought.

Is the issue settled? By no means. Is there one right view? From a scientific viewpoint the book is still open and the final chapter isn't written. Both creationist and evolutionist take much of what they believe on faith, not fact. Thus, the controversy will continue.
cowpoke

climber
Feb 29, 2012 - 07:35am PT
Guangzhou,
Thanks for sharing your handout. I have a suggestion regarding the last couple statements.

Instead of suggesting that faith and science are somehow equitable when it comes to a reliance on faith -- this undermines the value of both faith and science, and encourages students to think in simplistic either/or manners -- help students understand what the National Academies (and many, many others) are trying to impress on teachers and students (I embedded the full statement earlier in this thread):

"Attempts to pit science and religion against each other create controversy where none needs to exist."

Apologists on both sides of this created controversy continue to pit where pitting simply does not add value to our understanding and experience, and implicitly violate fundamental propositions of both perspectives, one of which is concerned with observation of the natural and the other with belief in the supernatural.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Feb 29, 2012 - 08:37am PT
Both creationist and evolutionist take much of what they believe on faith, not fact. Thus, the controversy will continue.

This is not the case at all, science does not operate on faith, but rather facts and proven theories. Not all facts are known and we don't have theories for every observed phenomena, but in science ideas around observed phenomena make a rigorous journey from observation to hypothesis to theory. No such rigor exists in religion, creationism or ID - to equate them is not an act of neutrality, but rather one of active support for creationist views.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Feb 29, 2012 - 10:20am PT
Yes, I think it is much better to keep them in separate realms.
No need to deny or denigrate, just note that they address different aspects of life.
If you want to understand the physical world stick with science.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 29, 2012 - 10:40am PT
I believe the Miller-Urey experiments assumed atmospheric conditions that may not have existed on the early Earth, you might want to research that a bit more...

e.g.

http://cips.berkeley.edu/events/planets-life-seminar/kasting.pdf
Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2003. 41:429–63
EVOLUTION OF A HABITABLE PLANET
James F. Kasting and David Catling

Abstract Giant planets have now been discovered around other stars, and it is only a matter of time until Earth-sized planets are detected. Whether any of these planets are suitable for life depends on their volatile abundances, especially water, and on their climates. Only planets within the liquid-water habitable zone (HZ) can support life on their surfaces and, thus, can be analyzed remotely to determine whether they are inhabited. Fortunately, current models predict that HZs are relatively wide around main-sequence stars not too different from our sun. This conclusion is based on studies of how our own planet has evolved over time. Earth’s climate has remained conducive to life for the past 3.5 billion years or more, despite a large increase in solar luminosity, probably because of previous higher concentrations of CO2 and/or CH4. Both these gases are involved in negative feedback loops that help to stabilize the climate. In addition to these topics, we also briefly discuss the rise of atmospheric O2 and O3, along with their possible significance as indicators of life on other planets.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Feb 29, 2012 - 11:26am PT
Both creationist and evolutionist take much of what they believe on faith, not fact. Thus, the controversy will continue.

This is not the case at all, science does not operate on faith, but rather facts and proven theories.
---------


I question this and have all along. For instance, you said that scientists have licked "Two of the three basic elements for creating an artificial cell have been accomplished - the cell membrane and nuclear DNA. What remains, as Largo would point out, is an operative, integrated energy source to drive the system."

This statement rests on the faith that life itself can be reduced to its observable parts, and that "creating" life is basically a delicate job of assembling the right bio crank shafts and ti-rods and gas tanks and motors and, Shezam! "She's alive!" "Alive!"

That million dollar prize is offered because they know it's a sucker's bet playing off the blind spots in people's thinking and beliefs ("I can create life").

I personally have no idea if scientists can ever concoct a cocktail of shite that will start to self replicate and stumble toward complexity but to believe that such a thing is possible simply by assmbling the right chemicals and creating the right atmosphere seems to me as a spectacular leap of faith in bottom-up reductionism. I wonder if the confusion here arises from the fact that bottom-up reductionism works well with extant phenomenon, perhaps less so per the "creation" of things.

My sense of this is still that life is not created in the normal sense of the word, but is something inherent and arises and recurs, and life's energy - which it fundamentally is - cannot be created or destroyed, though the form can change within a system.

Just a few random thoughts.

JL
WBraun

climber
Feb 29, 2012 - 11:34am PT
No scientific advancement of material science can ever produce a living being.

Life is already there perfectly producing living entities since time immemorial.

You can't claim anything that's already being done to begin with.

We will do in the future, their bold claim as they wave their hands thru the air.

That's all it is .... waving of hands thru the air.



Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Feb 29, 2012 - 11:53am PT
There is a lot of hand waving, some of it very evident in this discussion... but I don't think that either Largo or WBraun have contributed any better to the discussion by re-invoking a "life force," which is, after all, a relatively ancient idea that describes a particular attribute of life, that it "animates" matter.

They are certainly free to believe that, but it is an idea that doesn't lend much to the discussion, or to understanding life, especially since we don't know anything about it except that it is necessary for life, it doesn't seem to exist anywhere else, nor is it something that we can learn much about.

But the idea of a "life force" can be used to try to understand the requirements for a theory of life, since the attribute of life, that it utilizes environmental energy assets to power itself, it has a metabolism, has to be explained in any physical theory.

These attributes are likely explained in terms of statistical "laws" averaging over many "simple" interactions resulting in system behaviors which are surprisingly complex given the underlying reactions. Much progress has been made looking at genome expression as a network of chemical reactions which result in proteins that regulate cell life, for instance, in response to the environment. Take cell mass, or reproduction, or chemical stress... all of these can be used, along with the metabolic reaction networks as described by the genome, to predict the response of the cell.

It is a challenge to the physical theory to explain how this class of reactions maintains itself (another characteristic of life) and reproduces. These sorts of studies help point the way to a more general description of life, and lay the foundation for any theory that would seek to explain abiogenesis, where ever it occurs, which is certainly one of the goals of a theory of life.

And this would all happen without resorting to the ancient idea of "life force."

An interesting discussion which probably doesn't quite fit into the OP's intent....
WBraun

climber
Feb 29, 2012 - 12:23pm PT
The early forms of life could be described as Not living in our understanding of life.

That's your incomplete theory, and it's still a guess.

Then you make an Ultimatum.

There was never a moment when it went from non-living to living

This is making sh!t up again.

You don't even have a rudimentary understanding of what "life" really is and it's origin.

Calling "life force" an ancient "idea" is saying that material mechanistic science is the only real branch of knowledge that can actually hold the key to the "science of the soul".
MH2

climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 12:04am PT
Before Erwin Schrödinger's What is Life, there was Niels Bohr's 1932 "Light and Life" lecture. Max Delbrück was in the audience and may have been influenced by Bohr's suggestion that to understand the nature of life might require new concepts similar to complementarity in quantum physics. However, when Watson and Crick found the double helix structure of DNA, Delbrück was surprised by its simplicity and that only classical chemistry was needed to understand it. He compared it to "a child's toy" according to Gino Segrè in Ordinary Geniuses.
StahlBro

Trad climber
San Diego, CA
Mar 1, 2012 - 12:27am PT
Call it what you will, but at what point does a construct of inanimate matter become self perpetuating and evolving? That instant has not been adequately explained or even theorized (IMHO). Not saying it is not possible, but still waiting.

Crystals, snowflakes etc. are unique, but they are finite and and don't replicate. What causes this incredible transition?

There is a horizon that must be crossed. It is immense and miniscule at the same time.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 1, 2012 - 12:29am PT
I don't think that either Largo or WBraun have contributed any better to the discussion by re-invoking a "life force," which is, after all, a relatively ancient idea that describes a particular attribute of life, that it "animates" matter.


There Ed goes again trying to saddle me with pandering some dusty old foggy God-spook-JuJu energetic thing that "animates" life, some non-thing that we all know earmarks the kook and the zany believer.

Actually, you can look at my reference to "energy" as simple bio energy if you want, metabolic juice, or fill in the blank.

I suspect that you think life is simply the product of the bio parts or tissue.

So when a person is alive, and the next minute they die, what "part" suddenly went missing?

JL

Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 1, 2012 - 12:57am PT
I suspect that you think life is simply the product of the bio parts or tissue.

simple? never said that, certainly you don't get that from my posts

sorry to kid you on the "life force" thing, but you know, we're both getting a bit dusty...
liked your Regan-esque come back too...
part-time communist

Mountain climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:42am PT
I actually started imagining something today, a (technology?) that could be produced far far into the future. Too bad we live in such crummy times that this doesn't exist NOW.

here is what it is: basically a technological projection/particles floating in space that all cumulativey form a very realistic, live, moving, 3 dimensional image of a deceased person. This image could do basic activities like move, talk, and retain the full personality of the person you once knew and loved in the past. Except they would be exempt from all biological requirements of sustenance, therefore take no burden on society. It would essentially be a very complex reproduction of a once-live person, in digital form, replicating its personality, its memories, its thoughts, its identities, etc.(-you could pass your hand through them and it would go right through their body, they have no solid body, just a realistic slightly transparent figure.

It seems like in the distant distant future this technology is feasible maybe.

part-time communist

Mountain climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 03:24am PT
dunno about free will, it would be produced by advanced technology (so it wouldnt feel any bodily pain, hunger, it would just be an abstract manifestation of the brain, in a visible realistic human form to outsiders (real humans).

the thought experiment demonstrates that because we may head in that direction technologically to produce such things are "reproduction of a human essence (the being of a human, personality, etc.), that such a thing, in fact, may exist.

if you believe the whole idea that technology and science and advancement will lead us closer and closer to the truth of things.
WBraun

climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 11:04am PT
Largo -- "So when a person is alive, and the next minute they die, what "part" suddenly went missing?"

Most intelligent question ever presented on this forum.

Brilliant!
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 1, 2012 - 11:10am PT
Most intelligent question ever presented on this forum.

Not really. When I turn off my computer, why does it stop working?

What goes missing is the electro-neural, or whatever they are called, signals that flow through our brains and nervous system. Without those, there is no signal to our heart and it stops beating. Without blood, our cells lack nutrition and eventually die.

Asking such a questions showed a lot of ignorance in biology and was really a troll more than anything. It's like asking why a rock becomes a pile of gravel when you beat on it with a hammer.

Dave
WBraun

climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 11:16am PT
Most unintelligent answer ever presented ^^^^^
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 1, 2012 - 12:10pm PT
When I turn off my computer, why does it stop working?

What goes missing is the electro-neural, or whatever they are called, signals that flow through our brains and nervous system. Without those, there is no signal to our heart and it stops beating. Without blood, our cells lack nutrition and eventually die.

Asking such a questions showed a lot of ignorance in biology and was really a troll more than anything. It's like asking why a rock becomes a pile of gravel when you beat on it with a hammer.


Now, anything that does not bolser a parts-only, reductionistic model is "trolling." Silly rabbit.

What you have presented above is a belief that life itself is equal and no greater than "the electro-neural, or whatever they are called, signals that flow through our brains and nervous system."

If this is so, why do we need a word like "life" to describe what, according to your beliefs, is merely an electro-chemical mechanism? Furthermore, what mechanism causes said "signals" to begin or end, how do these signals start and by what means do they stop?

JL
Reeotch

Trad climber
Kayenta, AZ
Mar 1, 2012 - 12:21pm PT
This is one of the reasons I became a science teacher. Its also one of the biggest reasons I want to quit, right now.

It is important when teaching evolution to be clear about what kinds of questions science can and can not answer.

A lot of the above concerns things science does not have much to say about, yet . . .
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 1, 2012 - 12:50pm PT
Most unintelligent answer ever presented ^^^^^

So someone who does not believe in your supernatural stuff is unintelligent? To have a high IQ, I must be a theist or believe in a spirit?

I thought deeply about that question and can come up with no other answer. I would have to change my beliefs, not my intelligence, to answer differently. I think it is rather unintelligent not to see that.

But even if I were someone who believed in any sort of supernatural forces, I could still imagine death as being in a state of non-functionality. There still doesn't have to be anything missing when I die. Even if there is a God, there still may be nothing after death but a pile of biodegradable junk. Reincarnation would be when some other creature makes use of my biomatter, not when my soul is places in some new baby being born.

Your answers are all "there is more to life than physical bla bla bla..." and mine are all "life is just a physical process, bla bla bla...." I'm not sure I can tell who is less intelligent from that. I'm surprised that someone so "enlightened" would make such unkind and unthoughtful comments though.

Bet then again, I've seem people say that the sky is blue in these threads and have someone call them an idiot for saying it. It's not a very original way to handle things.

Dave
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:00pm PT
sometimes you do not know the answer to the question and that can be a help in pursuing the answer

sometimes you learn that the question that you are asking doesn't make a whole lot of sense, especially true when you know what the answer is afterwards

in science, like in climbing, there is always something harder to do, it never ends, so if you are on the forefront you get used to failing and perhaps if you're lucky, you succeed

to me, in this analogy, religion is sitting in El Cap meadow, without any practical understanding of climbing, and possessing belief in what is going on up there, how it should be done and what is possible
cowpoke

climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:01pm PT
Its also one of the biggest reasons I want to quit, right now.
would be interested to hear more about this...is it trouble with parents?
WBraun

climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:07pm PT
rectorsquid, normally I wouldn't even waste my time with responding to your silly ignorant accusations.

But just for you ... :-)

You're the one who originally said:

"Asking such a questions showed a lot of ignorance in biology and was really a troll more than anything."

And ... nobody called you a idiot.

Nobody here ever claimed to be "enlightened".

That's your projections.

Your little bruised ego is doing the talking now .....



WBraun

climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:10pm PT
They will never stop clinging to their faith in their myths, no matter what facts we tell them.

Dr F making up sh!t as usual again .....
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:14pm PT
If this is so, why do we need a word like "life" to describe what, according to your beliefs, is merely an electro-chemical mechanism?

Because we use words to communicate ideas and a mere electro-chemical mechanism is still allowed a descriptive word. Also, there is a bit more to life than electro... stuff. It is merely my opinion that none of it is supernatural.

It's not really a belief to not believe in something. It is not a belief that we are electro-chemical mechanisms. It is proven fact. Are we more than that? To think so is belief. To think not is not. Otherwise you would call it a belief that I do not think that the El Cap is made of cheese.

Furthermore, what mechanism causes said "signals" to begin or end, how do these signals start and by what means do they stop?

That's a good question. Stopping a rock from rolling down a hill requires a bottom to the hill. Or maybe a bigger rock blocking the way. Do you suggest that chemicals and electricity do not follow similar rules? If you were to accept that there are chemical processes happening that are physical in nature than you would have to agree that physical blockages would stop those processes. Electricity can be stopped by simply cutting the "transmission line" of the signal. Cut off my hand and it stops grasping at straws. No further explanation of death is really needed. The machines in the factory break down and stop running.

As to how the signals start, I think that my mom was already running when I was grown inside of her. Think jumper-cables but way more complicated. Cells were nourished and they reproduced and some of them grew into nerves and there were already chemicals provided by mom to support those signals.

I don't know about the absolute origins of life. That's way more than my tiny brain can handle. Maybe it was God that created us originally.

But you know all of this. You and the other spiritualist people here are smart and know every argument I will make. I only make them to keep things from getting one-sided on the spiritual side.

Beyond having bad communications skills, I think that I'm fairly bright at times. I don't have all of the answers to questions about life but I'm also not going to ask a question on a forum where there are only two possible types of responses that I can anticipate ahead of time. Hence my troll comment. You know very well that the non-spiritual types will say exactly as I did and that the spiritual types will just go along with you but have no definitive answer.

Dave
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:27pm PT
They will never stop clinging to their faith in their myths, no matter what facts we tell them.

I will never stop clinging to my acceptance of pure science, no matter what questions it fails to answer.

None of us are different from each other except for what we have picked as our explanation for what cannot be answered. I can no more accept the spiritual explanation for things than WB or JL can accept the pure physical explanation. What seems obvious to me is not obvious to them and vice-versa.

I accept that I may very well be wrong about all of it. Maybe that's the one thing that separates some of us from the others.

I also accept that I am a complete dumbass for getting into this "dialog." It would be fun and challenging to discuss in person but things just come out wrong on the internet.

Dave
WBraun

climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:28pm PT
"but things just come out wrong on the internet."

Most intelligent answer ever.

:-)
part-time communist

Mountain climber
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:29pm PT
How about stop thinking less dichotomy-style?

Reeotch

Trad climber
Kayenta, AZ
Mar 1, 2012 - 01:46pm PT
cowpoke,

I've never had a parent complain about teaching of evolution. I knew a chemistry teacher who refused to teach it.

For me it is mostly all of the misguided efforts at "education reform" - high stakes testing, tracking, and more testing. Teachers are being increasingly more micro-managed. I just have a different vision of what education should be from the direction it is being forced to take here in the U.S.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 1, 2012 - 02:28pm PT
Where have I ever put forth some supernatural explanation for anything? Don't lump me into that camp simply because a purely materialist explanation for things is sorely lacking as I am quick to point out. Nor do my questions represent a direct attack on "science." This is another case of all or nothing thinking - known in psychology as a "thought distortion." Science doesn't have to be "all right or all wrong."

I laugh at "scientisism," which has simply replaced fundamentalist, old time religion with quantifying, calling all other specious and ignorant forms of snake oil and superstition. But honest science, which recognizes that all modes have limitations, is nothing I have ever had issue with. Trying to pit me against all the serious and honest and hard working scientists out there is plain silly.

Mark, and others, when discussing "life," have ( as I have consistently observed) arguments based on what IMO are the lack of discriminating the qualitative differences between phenomenon. In the old "Mind" thread we saw how many people simply lacked the wherewithal to discriminate between their own direct experience and objective functioning, whereby the fear or excitement they might have felt up on El Capitan, say, was qualitatively the selfsame thing as the chemical processes they believed "created" their experience. Here, you end up with the totally untenable belief that the map (objective functiong) is the territory, or that the topo of the Nose on El Capitan is totally indistinguishable from physically climbing the route. In these terms, such a claim is absurd - and we can easily see why.

My questions about "life" are basically the same question. "Life," to the materialist, is qualitatively the selfsame thing as physical functioning. Ergo "life" is entirely mechanistic, or at any rate is "created," entirely, by an evolved bio-machine. How the bio-machine "created itself" out or inorganic matter is a forgone conclusion to materialist - the info is forthcoming. Just later. Then people can assemble life on their own, since life is no more than the sun of it's bio parts. Right? Just electrical charges in the nervous system. Remember Frankenstein and the lightning bolt. Basically the same thing, but more better.

Most people, when pressed, have some little sense that there quite possibly is more than objective functioning. But raised with a Biblical model as a cosmological backdrop, they can't imagine other options beyond straight quantifying (science), and outright supernaturalism.

Briefly moving off topic now - For most, the idea of a universal "intelligence" can only be imagined as some duffer with a gold robe who has the big-ass brain and who, by fiat, "creates" shite. When in fact most every wisdom tradition says this intelligence is totally impersonal and dimensionless, and in terms of material, cannot be said to exist at all. No videos. No DVDs. No sound tracks. No pics. No thing. But the most difficult aspect of this, is that Universal Intelligence has no inherent meaning. That, to the meat brain, is all but ungraspable.

But that's life.

JL






High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 1, 2012 - 02:37pm PT
Hey, heads up, gang.

Teaching Evolution is just the approach, beyond are the cruxes - the jaw-dropping cruxes that will turn many a challenger's bowels to water. So who's got the guts to check em out?

"Without free will, sinners and criminals would be nothing more than poorly calibrated clockwork..."

http://www.samharris.org/blog/item/the-illusion-of-free-will

Komisarjevsky amused himself by taking naked photos of Michaela with his cell phone and masturbating on her.

"If I had truly been in Komisarjevsky’s shoes on July 23, 2007—that is, if I had his genes and life experience and an identical brain (or soul) in an identical state—I would have acted exactly as he did."

How can we make sense of our lives, and hold people accountable for their choices, given the unconscious origins of our conscious minds?

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1451683405?ie=UTF8&tag=wwwsamharri02-20&linkCode=xm2&camp=1789&creativeASIN=1451683405
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 1, 2012 - 03:28pm PT
re: accountability and freewill

Now the part about "freewill" or "free will" that always gets ME roiled is when a scientist, even a well-meaning one, perhaps a philos or psychologist, or a journalist or nowadays a troll says something like...

if there's no such thing as freewill, people aren't responsible for their actions...

Well, the fact of the matter is... even if you're clockwork, you back up your car and roll over my foot, injure it and cause me pain, I'm going to blame you and hold you accountable.

At base, it's a jungle out there... of competing contestants... and all contestants in the end have to be held accountable. No getting around it.
Paul Martzen

Trad climber
Fresno
Mar 1, 2012 - 04:55pm PT
Well, the fact of the matter is... even if you're clockwork, you back up your car and roll over my foot, injure it and cause me pain, I'm going to blame you and hold you accountable.

What if the car did it on its own? You should definitely hold it accountable. Zap it with a cattle prod! If that does not help, maybe hit it a few times with a sledge hammer. If that does not fix the problem, give the car the death penalty. Take it to the junk yard and have it compressed. That will teach it.

Or, you could just put the parking brake on and go soak your foot in ice water, maybe be get it X-rayed to see if anything is broken. I don't think it is any different with people.

Meaning we spend so much time holding people accountable that we ignore simple solutions. No amount of accountability will make up for damage already done. Accountability does not tell us what specific mechanisms or what specific actions will prevent a problem from developing. It is just a generic fall back term that sounds important but means nothing. I think it is just a hold over or perhaps a foundation of all that other stuff you fight against HFCS.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 1, 2012 - 05:05pm PT
re: crime and treatment in a mechanistic nature

Interesting response. So if you were King of America how would handle the Hayes and Komisarjevskys of the world, you being a practical man?

Is not the "simple solution" to be accountable for your actions?
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 1, 2012 - 05:26pm PT

So we go from idea to when in fact in the space of one sentence.


YES, BECAUSE FOR MANY FOLKS IN SAID TRADITIONS, THAT IMPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE IS NOT A MENTAL CONCOCTION BUT AN EXPERIENCE.


I take exception when science-oriented folk say 'the big bang happened...' like its a proven fact. I take exception to any person pretending an unsupported idea is a fact, in fact.

THE IMPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE MENTIONED IN COUNTLESS TRADITIONS CAN NEVER BE A FACT BECAUSE IT HAS NO MATERIAL OR QUANTIFIABLE "PROOF" (OR "SUPPORT") OF EXISTING. SO BY YOUR OWN DEFINITION OF "REAL," (REQUIRING QUANTIFIABLE PROOF), YOU ARE CORRECT.

UNLESS BY "SUPORT" YOU INCLUDE THINGS BEYOND QUANTIFYING, WHICH IS HARD TO IMAGINE.

JL
Paul Martzen

Trad climber
Fresno
Mar 1, 2012 - 05:36pm PT
Seems to me that if some action causes damage to society, then society has a right to try and correct it. When someone causes damage to society and they have the capability of correcting or making up for that damage, then we should focus on getting them to correct the damage as best they can.

In a lot of situations we should ask, what are the probabilities of this damage occurring again? Then we take various actions to try and reduce that probability. This means that we have to rationally look at the evidence from a sort of epidemiological point of view.

One problem that we face is that we want to find solutions to problems that match the emotional results of the problem. Since the car ran over your foot, you want to inflict as much pain on the car as it inflicted on your foot. Setting the hand brake does not seem like a very painful experience for the car, so it is a less emotionally satisfying solution to your painful foot. But, setting the hand brake is the primary solution for preventing the car from rolling in the future.

On the other hand if you don't know about parking brakes or the park position on the shifter for a car and it is rolling, then you can beat on it long enough and it will probably stop rolling eventually. Since we have such a poor understanding of human psychology, it is understandable that people do whatever they can to control each other, no matter how ineffective.

I guess this does not have anything to do with teaching evolution.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 1, 2012 - 05:41pm PT
the consequences of a cosmology that is described as "The Big Bang" is consistent with observations and has predicted details of observations which have been made to observe those predicted details...

difficulties with said cosmology, ("The Big Bang"), which included the problem of fine tuning have lead to significant refinements of the cosmology, notably the inclusion of an inflationary phase in the putative expansion aftermath, have made the particular universe that results in such cosmologies likely rather than unlikely

further, an accounting of the distribution of light emitting matter and its motion have lead to further modifications to the cosmology to include a significant fraction of mass which does not radiate, but which makes up the majority of the matter in the universe

these are all consequences of taking the cosmology and pushing it to provide predictions of what we will observe when we build the detectors and observatory to observe them

further, these predictions have ramifications in other, desperately different regimes, which again entail predictions, experiments and observations which can be conducted in order to find the limits of validity of these theories, or to confirm the theories' predictions...

at the limits of validity, we will create new theory which explains those observations in contradiction with the old theories, provide understanding why the old theories were inadequate, and result in new theories with extended predictive capability

BUT THESE ARE NOT FACTS OR TRUTHS, THESE ARE MERELY THE PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING AND ARE PROVISIONAL DON'T WRITE THEM IN STONE BECAUSE THEY WILL NOT STAND THE TEST OF TIME, THEY WILL CHANGE

NOT ONLY THAT BUT THE PEOPLE WHO PROFESS THESE THEORIES ACTUALLY ADMIT THAT THEY DON'T EXPLAIN EVERYTHING

HOW COULD YOU POSSIBLY PUT ANY STOCK IN SUCH AN ENDEVOUR
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 1, 2012 - 06:15pm PT
re: crime and treatment in the absence of free will

Thanks for the reply, but Paul, the inquiry was...
"how would [Paul] handle the Hayes and Komisarjevskys of the world?"

...if he were King of America?

Not 400 years from now when, imaginatively, we might be able to solve the criminal's antisocial trait by releasing borg-like nanoprobes into the cortex (See Star Trek Voyager episode, Repentance, for more) to effect repairs or to improve upon shortcomings, but now, right now, in this century in need of practical solutions.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repentance_%28Star_Trek:_Voyager%29

...and, btw, that was an interesting bait-and-switch you posted from (a) the conscious intelligent driver of the car to (b) the (driverless) car! Truly today's best straw man and red herring all rolled up into one, lol.

Regarding the driver's accountability, its nature and degree would of course depend on the circumstances, esp the driver's intention. But no matter the intention, the driver would have/should have accountability as the #1 problem solution even in a full-on, fully mechanistic universe, which was my starting point all along.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 1, 2012 - 06:26pm PT
When in fact every wisdom tradition says this intelligence is totally impersonal and dimensionless.

You're tilting hard in DMT's direction of an entertaining obfuscational ambiguity when you posit there is some broad pseudo-netherland between science and the supernatual you can inhabit and stretch out in like the intellectual equivalent of a just-right jacuzzi (a few more bubbles? perhaps some champagne?). Now I can understand and empathize with the intellectual distress which surely must arise at even the prospect of trying to label that comfortable purgatory, and I might even sympathize, except, no matter how you label it or not, it still looks like a pretty damn short plank from science to the supernatural to me.

And 'every wisdom tradition'? Man, that's a stretch under the best of circumstances. Humans have worshiped and deified an endless array of animate, inanimate, and imaginary entities throughout history in beliefs so strong an untold number of animals and people have been slaughtered in rituals to those beliefs. More untold millions have been killed for not sharing someone else's beliefs.

So yeah, if you crack open, distill, and very carefully filter the endless array of creative / nightmarish bullshit that has passed for religion down through history, then sure, you can arrive at some pearls of common 'wisdom'. But a "totally impersonal and dimensionless intelligence", hmmm - that there is some heavy, and some might say biased, reading between the lines under the very best of circumstances.

Seems to me you 'thou doth protest too much' on the materialistic front while dismissing the supernatural one and then languishingly exploit the vacuum in between for motives known only to you.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 1, 2012 - 07:38pm PT
So yeah, if you crack open, distill, and very carefully filter the endless array of creative / nightmarish bullshit that has passed for religion down through history, then sure, you can arrive at some pearls of common 'wisdom'. But a "totally impersonal and dimensionless intelligence", hmmm - that there is some heavy, and some might say biased, reading between the lines under the very best of circumstances.


The goofy thing about this rant is not so much it's inanity but rather it's facile insincerity. The givaway is the group lumping of religion and wisdom traditions, and the totally uninformed assumptions that Zen and Sufism, to list a few, are hot tub fandangos for knuckleheads too slow witted and insufficiently math minded to grapple with the real task of quantifying. Or that a dimensionless, impersonal intelligence constitutes a belief, and that it is some intermediary nether "place" for poets and fools to stretch out in. Either you have only rudimentary skills and understanding of "the English," or yer pappy never told you that "dimensionless" precludes a "place," nether or otherwise, hot tub or cold tub. Now kick Marlow out of the corner and put the pointy hat on and take your seat. You earned it.

Rather than simply say, "I have no experience whatsoever in this realm," why not try and make the whole thing as preposterous as possible.

What you really have here is veiled scientism. Plain and simple.

Lastly: "Seems to me you 'thou doth protest too much' on the materialistic front while dismissing the supernatural one and then languishingly exploit the vacuum in between for motives known only to you."

You've accidentally found your way here. What, exactly, is that "vacuum in beetwen?" Are you just tossing that out there or are you honestly interested in exploring that most slipper slab? DSo you really think I am the only person in history to seek adventures there, and that if not, they are, as Dr. F firmly believes, firmly and totally mistaken for the lack of a DVD of God juggling balls.


JL

bit'er ol' guy

climber
the past
Mar 1, 2012 - 10:20pm PT
evolution traverse is a sandbag
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 2, 2012 - 12:45am PT
Nice post, Dr. F.

I see the same arguments here as on the last four threads where science and spirituality have been debated. Largo for sure is getting better at expressing himself and the wisdom traditions, and has certainly become more entertaining in the process.

I find I have little to add except to note that isn't it interesting from a sociological perspective that the Japanese who are so conforming in their public behavior have the freedom to combine science and spiritual traditions, modern technology and ancient culture, while the Americans with all their individual freedoms keep trying to make everyone conform on the inside - "you must believe either this or that, you must choose either this or that"? Of course the Frenchman De Toqueville also noted the same thing 200 years ago.

I also liked the statement by Martzen that "Since we have such a poor understanding of human psychology, it is understandable that people do whatever they can to control each other, no matter how ineffective". Hoewever, I do not agree with his next statement. "I guess this does not have anything to do with teaching evolution".

In my experience it has everything to do with the teaching of evolution to those for whom it is a new and often maligned idea. Give recognition to both religious/spiritual traditions and science in the beginning and then just present the scientific data without trying to force anyone to agree to anything. In the end, I am sure this brings about many more people understanding and sympathizing with evolution than not.
StahlBro

Trad climber
San Diego, CA
Mar 2, 2012 - 12:50am PT
If one teaches what is known about evolution, reasoning minds will see the truth in it. The world of human experience that surrounds it is another matter.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 2, 2012 - 10:38am PT
The other issue is that life couldn't have or didn't start here on earth. Or that it is not possible for life to start from an array of unrelated, inanimate, atomic, non-life particles.

This is a fallacy!


It may well be, but what, exactly, is your belief based upon that inorganic life became organic. Same old question, yes, but if you examine the non-answers, you'll see people are at a total loss to explain the basics beyond the idea that life emerged from "totally natural causes."

"Causes" implies an effect by virtue of an event or thing or interface from a previous point in time. Evolution and natural selection is not said to go backwards. It is always moving forward, in a linear progression. Maybe in fits or starts, but the process is thought to move from here to there. Now if something changes from basic and simply to almost unimaginably complex, and it do so through "natural causes," then there has to be some sot of mechanism by which said changes occur. Natural selection works well as a model once a thing has some specific form, but in the leap from inorganic to organic, "natural causes" one would think, would be governed or informed by something in the same way that matter conforms to the laws of physics and human being forms up according to the programing provided by DNA. However with the origin of life, which is questionably more involved and tricky than, say, gravity, we are told that we need not any comparable "law of physics" or DNA to guide or kick start the process. Rather, "natural causes" were enough.

Perhaps this is so, but you can't reasonably expect someone not to wonder just what "natural causes" is, in terms beyond simply objective functioning yet again.

JL
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 2, 2012 - 11:20am PT
Dr. F,

Your punctuation has improved dramatically. Very readable!

Excellent posts. Way to keep the charge, too.
MH2

climber
Mar 2, 2012 - 11:39am PT
Good thoughts, Riley. Progress in science often comes from gut feelings, or intuition, about what new insight is within reach. After that comes the testing, logic, and analysis.

A wonderful thing about science is its inclusiveness. Its appeal cuts across cultural, religious, and political boundaries. It has workable methods for arriving at agreement.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 2, 2012 - 11:57am PT
I am constantly blown away by the scientific advances in our understanding of everything while our politics, superstitions and cultural norms stay relatively static.

That, to me as a social scientist, is the challenge. Even the author of the Nature of Scientific Revolutions said that sometimes a few funerals were necessary before science itself could progress. I have very much that feeling now while looking around at the contemporary political scene.

I really hope that in 20 years at most, we will have one of those punctuated equilibria, whereby the old order suddenly dies and another very different set of life forms begin to evolve and dominate. I've thought for a long time that world population growth would have to stabilize first (predicted for 2050), but with the advent of the internet, maybe not.

I'm sure the dinosaurs appeared forever entrenched until suddenly they were no more.

Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 2, 2012 - 12:40pm PT
There is No leap, organic molecules where here on the earth from the very start.


What is an example of an "organic molecule?" And by "the start" do you mean the big bang? If so, then you're saying that there was never a time when there was simply inorganic compounds floating and bubbling around, but that "life" was always here and present. Is that right?

JL
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 12:42pm PT
Genesis 1

The Creation
1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 2, 2012 - 01:12pm PT
What is an example of an "organic molecule?" And by "the start" do you mean the big bang? If so, then you're saying that there was never a time when there was simply inorganic compounds floating and bubbling around, but that "life" was always here and present. Is that right?

Early evolution could have happened with molecules that would not be considered organic by any standard. They would not need to be organic to be able to reproduce. Some mineral crystals seem to grow and maybe reproduce. Maybe their decedents will be the next life to inhabit the earth when we are gone.

Dave
monolith

climber
albany,ca
Mar 2, 2012 - 01:18pm PT
One definition of organic molecules are simply those that contain carbon. They are not alive, they are used in life on earth and that's why we are called 'carbon based' life forms. The individual elements of organic compounds existed since the big bang, but they form into organic molecules when the conditions are right. Even stars have organic compounds.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 2, 2012 - 01:20pm PT
The Creation
1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.

Go-b, that doesn't really add to the discussion. Neither do my comments but... It certainly doesn't help the teacher teach evolution. Even if he were to tell the students that information, and they all believe it, there is still evolution that can be seen and measured and reproduced in a lab that can be taught. It would not make sense to skip what even the Pope accepts:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_evolution

There is no scientific information that would stop the creation of the universe from having been caused by some other being although that would require that we ask; where did that being come from?

On the other hand, there are plenty of other spiritual beliefs that don;t include the Pope or catholic church.

Maybe God just created the heavens and filled it with dust and let the rest form on it's own. Then some dude just wrote it down wrong because even "the heaveans" was too complicated for those guys to understand 2000 years ago.

Dave
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 2, 2012 - 01:22pm PT
I knew I was ignorant but it turns out to be worse than I thought.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compound

Dave
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 2, 2012 - 01:54pm PT
Life was not here from the start!!



Since when, then? And what, exactly is life? to answer Ed's question. What distinguishes something as "living." What "causes" something to be alive? Is "life" totally and entirely indistinguishable from objective functioning? If so, if objective functioning and "life" are the very same things, then what distinguishes the objective functioning of inorganic things from living things?

"She's alive! Alive!"

JL
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 2, 2012 - 01:55pm PT
Since when, then? And what, exactly is life?

Really, you're asking Dr. F to give you an entire science education in a post?

And it's not (just) Dr. Ed's question. (WADR to Ed.) It's the lead question of biology.

You might start with three quarters (or two semesters) of organic chemistry. Starting with alkanes, alkynes and alkenes. Ending with a touch and go on carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleic acids and fats. That then would be two or three pieces of, let's say, a 100-piece puzzle.

P.S.

For organic chemistry, I'd highly recommend Organic Chemistry, by Morrison and Boyd. Looking back, I think I was incredibly lucky to have studied the subject under this textbook. It's a classic.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 2, 2012 - 02:07pm PT
I'll go with Richard Feynman's definition of knowledge - that you don't really
understand something until you can explain it to a classroom of undergraduates.
I'm sure he would include online classrooms in that description as well.
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 02:09pm PT
Life was not here from the start!!

Bullsh@t, or start cookin and lets see, can't even come close!
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 02:37pm PT
Water and light came first then plants, fish, birds, cattle and creeping things, then man and woman!
http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+1&version=NASB

You can clone but you can't mix sh@t together and create life, impossible!
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 2, 2012 - 02:39pm PT
Bullsh@t, or start cookin and lets see, can't even come close!

Can we get back to you in a few billion years?
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 02:44pm PT
How about's seven day's!
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 2, 2012 - 03:05pm PT
Certainly acquiring a science education perhaps in the hope of (someday) bringing better practices to the practice of living is a constant battle against entropy.

Go-B's posts point to this fairly well, I think.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 2, 2012 - 03:18pm PT
Really, you're asking Dr. F to give you an entire science education in a post?


Nope. I'm asking for a definition, as in what they have, in one sentence, in the dictionary, for all things big and small.

Suggesting a catalogue of books on objective functioning is a non-answer, reverting back to the myth that if I only knew the map well enough (the quantifications), I'd know all there is to know about the territory, the two being the selfsame things.

You cling to that like it's a granite chickenhead. Sad to say I'm here to tell you it's a hummock.

Your turn for corner and the pointy hat, Fruity. You've earned it.

JL
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 03:31pm PT
I'll stick with what God said happened, fruit cake! lol
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 2, 2012 - 03:34pm PT
The even deeper question,

How much energy should one give to the fight against entropy when it comes to science education, both personally and socially?

Esp taking into account, on a social level, more than half of our semian species is innately more interested in what the kardashians are up to than anything else.

My own answer seems to fluctuate with mood - esp in these political times.
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 2, 2012 - 03:37pm PT
You can clone but you can't mix sh@t together and create life, impossible!

You must mean improbable. If it were impossible then God could not do it and I'm sure that you think that God can do anything and everything.

So if nothing is impossible then maybe we did come from sh#t mixed together.

Dave

rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 2, 2012 - 03:40pm PT
How much energy should one give to the fight against entropy when it comes to science education, both personally and socially?

Only as much as is needed to keep the religious types from making the rest of us slaves to their god.

Dave
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 03:51pm PT
Freely you received, freely give!
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Mar 2, 2012 - 03:55pm PT
Yeah, me too!
rectorsquid

climber
Lake Tahoe
Mar 2, 2012 - 04:08pm PT
It's odd to have a conversation with a book. I would not call it a dialog though.
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 05:21pm PT
Don't worry rectorsquid it's open to everybody but you have to come to God yourself!
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 2, 2012 - 06:08pm PT
Largo
You can just as easily google it as we can.
Try it, and see what it says.


You know, I keep pulling your chains on this one knowing that you have to viable answer and you all keep telling me all I have to do is to google it and viola, thar she blows - the definite answer on how life began, all by its own self, here on earth.

In fact I even provied a web site offering a one million dollar prize for a VIABLE THEORY on how it might have happened. You don't even need to prove it. Just trot it out in a viable peer reviewed scientific publication and you win a million.

So fellahs, if it's that damn easy and self evident, write it up and collect said million.

JL
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 06:18pm PT
Pay up!
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 06:31pm PT
Mighty Hiker

climber
Vancouver, B.C.
Mar 2, 2012 - 06:33pm PT
Donald, let us know when you've successfully created a border collie.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 2, 2012 - 06:51pm PT
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 2, 2012 - 07:09pm PT
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 2, 2012 - 08:05pm PT
Largo, what exactly is the problem with not currently having a clear hypothesis, a viable theory, and not having even gotten the problem space well mapped out? We were in the exact same space in 1889 relative to the transistors, jet turbines, and what the surface of Mars was like. You seem to have some deep-seated issue with us simply not knowing, or you use our current lack of knowledge as a springboard into the supernatural by some other name.

On that front, the creationists have been trying hard of late to don the mantle of science as a peer. I'm now beginning to get the sense you are part of a group who are out the other end of science from the creationists in that you seek to diminish and narrowly scope science as insufficient to the task of informing humanity of the full scale of 'reality'. If that's the case then, sorry, it pretty much puts you in or near the 'New Age' camp (for lack of a better label) and I find that virtually indistinguishable from the creationists other than just being headed in the opposite direction from them.

And I appreciate the ability to distill down what's good about living to some simple 'truths' and core experiences and separating that from religion; but it is a very large leap from there to a "totally impersonal and dimensionless intelligence." And you phrase that as if "totally impersonal and dimensionless" somehow frames it as indescribable and unknowable on one hand yet still readily experientially accessible on the other (presumably if you find 'correct' form of mediation). It's almost like a linguistic and logical metamaterial that cloaks what's good an special about it all from those pitiful scientists and religious nutjobs, but still allows a bleeping cognoscenti access to the mystery.

And, while having years of experience with meditation and experiential flow of all sorts, I have to say you seem to take a leap [of faith and imagination] into a particular 'unknown' I'm not willing to make. What's more, you make essentially the same leap as the interdimensional Sasquatch and UFO folk who have just as much conviction around their unknowable phenomena as you.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 2, 2012 - 09:03pm PT
Healyje, it's hilarious to se you flopping around trying to jam me in this or that camp of bible thumpers or proto-creationists or New Age hot air duffers but you know perfectly well none of this silly titles fit what I am saying.

At no time in here have you said: Science is limited in this or that way; or, I have no idea what you mean by this so it has to be New Age hot air, since I know all about flow and yada yada.

This is what they call judgement before investigation. And not investigation on your terms. That's the hitch with materialists. You got the yardstick and nothing else - and while it goes unstated, the general belief is that only the yardstick is viable. This is an almost Homeric degree of ignorance that's impenitrable but all but direct experience to the contrary.

JL
WBraun

climber
Mar 2, 2012 - 09:22pm PT
Looks like Joe got spanked.

All those big fancy words don't add up on the street .....

WBraun

climber
Mar 2, 2012 - 09:36pm PT
In his foot .....
Paul Martzen

Trad climber
Fresno
Mar 2, 2012 - 10:39pm PT
HFCS wrote:
"how would [Paul] handle the Hayes and Komisarjevskys of the world?"

...if he were King of America?

Not 400 years from now when, imaginatively, we might be able to solve the criminal's antisocial trait by releasing borg-like nanoprobes into the cortex (See Star Trek Voyager episode, Repentance, for more) to effect repairs or to improve upon shortcomings, but now, right now, in this century in need of practical solutions.

I had to google Komisarjevsky. If i was king or supreme mechanic, I would dispose of them quietly and without fanfare, like a car that is too defective and dangerous to drive. I would not be mean or vindictive about it, I would just dispose of them. Given the nature of their crimes, it is likely that they have been creating damage through out their lives. It is not possible to estimate the likelihood that they would commit this particular crime again, but it is likely much higher than normal and the likely hood that they will do other social damage is very high, just based on their character and probable history.

I note that in the aftermath, several memorial and scholarship funds have been established in the name of the Petit family victims who it appears contributed much to society. We should pay attention to the contributions of the Petit family, to those memorial efforts and to our own efforts to help and support those around us.

...and, btw, that was an interesting bait-and-switch you posted from (a) the conscious intelligent driver of the car to (b) the (driverless) car! Truly today's best straw man and red herring all rolled up into one, lol.
I did not mean it as either a straw man or a red herring but rather as an interesting comparison.

Supposing there was a driver or maybe your neighbor forgot to set the hand brake. Either way, you have somebody to blame. Your foot is still broken but you have somebody to blame. Feel better now? Supposing the driver is the king or your master/owner - me as king of America. You are screwed and I - the king, think, "Dang, I just broke the foot of one of my good workers. Well, nothing I can do about it now. Might as well just have him put down and get somebody else. He should not have been standing there anyway."
Supposing the driver was an equal, then you can yell and scream at him and try to persuade him to pay you compensation. You can take him to court.
Supposing he is your slave? You can work him twice as hard or whip him as much as you want. Maybe you just decide to kill him and get another driver who will be less careless. How can you tell whether the next driver will be any better than the one you just killed. Will killing the first guarantee that the next will be better, or will you have to try some driver training of some sort?

Your ability to hold the other accountable varies completely on their status. But still, your foot is broken and there is no obvious change in the probability of it happening again. Are there any actions that you could take which would change the probabilities of future mishaps?

But bottom line, I think, is that holding drivers "accountable" does not tell us much about how to make driving or cars safer. I seem to recall that accident injury rates are going down over time because of engineering advances which hold cars accountable in very specific and well studied ways rather than expecting the drivers to be perfect. More evidence of evolution in action, I think.

Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 2, 2012 - 11:27pm PT
That, to me as a social scientist, is the challenge. Even the author of the Nature of Scientific Revolutions said that sometimes a few funerals were necessary before science itself could progress.

Its so easy to resort to the mystic when confronted with the abyss of ignorance. An endless variation of 'its god's will.' Rather than implying a creator or a universal mind or whatever, 'it's gods will' should accurately be interpreted as 'I don't know.'


DMT-

How in the world did you interpret what I said to be about mysticism and belief in God? Did you read the following two paragraphs? The point was that many people simply can't change and major societal changes can't happen as long as older, inflexible people are in charge, whether of science or government. Sometimes a whole generation has to pass from the scene before change can be made. I was quoting the book, The Nature of Scientific Revolutions, not a religious text?!

Fructose-

I don't think you should waste any energy in the "fight" for science education. Basic human psychology says a non-confrontational attitude and the process of leading a student to the point where they can make their own conclusions based on the evidence, works much better for long term change.

I realize we have a lot of high powered science people contributing to this thread and I've learned a lot. The problem remains however, as the originator of this thread asked, how do you translate that level of knowledge down to the common level?



Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 2, 2012 - 11:47pm PT
the Earth is not in equilibrium as both Venus and Mars are, and the reason is life on the planet Earth.

We do not have a good description, physically, chemically, biologically, regarding systems that are not in equilibrium, we don't have particularly good theories for even simpler systems that are not in equilibrium.

Part of understanding non-equilibrium systems will involve modeling those systems with high performance computing, essentially "experimenting" with those systems, numerically, and divining physical insight from those simulations hopefully leading to a quantitative theory on how non-equilibrium systems work.

It is a long standing area of interest, and it is the key to understanding the questions that Largo and WBraun ask, to wit: what gives life life?

I believe, as I think both HFCS and Dr. F do, that the explanation for life is physical, but that being said, we have not yet been able to formulate that explanation. It is more subtle than just mixing stuff up in a primordial ooze, the ease with which life apparently came to be on Earth, as indicated by the very early time it became abundant, currently escapes our efforts to reproduce it in the lab.

It is, perhaps, that we do not understand something relatively fundamental in those systems that we are missing the point. I don't think that either Largo or WBraun have presented any viable alternative, but they do not have to do that to criticize the lack of a physical theory of life, and point out that we don't have one.

From that fact one can draw any conclusion that they would like to... but very likely whatever that conclusion is, it probably doesn't have much relevance for the future.

The back and forth on this has become quite silly, really... there is really good science being done in this direction, we simply don't have the answer to those questions yet. It's not an issue of the alternative explanations being righter or wronger, the scientific question is unresolved.

If either HFCS and Dr. F can point me to the literature which shows that I am misinformed I'd be forever in their debt.
Mimi

climber
Mar 3, 2012 - 12:02am PT
Well said Ed. People have a hard time with the lightening strike on the primordial ooze. It's my most plausible. Throw in a few stroids and comet crystals and whamo! You can't reproduce that in the lab. Or can you? Now that's what I call green jobs.
MH2

climber
Mar 3, 2012 - 12:13am PT
"It is not the nature of things for any one man to make a sudden, violent discovery; science goes step by step and every man depends on the work of his predecessors. When you hear of a sudden unexpected discovery - a bolt from the blue - you can always be sure that it has grown up by the influence of one man or another, and it is the mutual influence which makes the enormous possibility of scientific advance. Scientists are not dependent on the ideas of a single man, but on the combined wisdom of thousands of men, all thinking of the same problem and each doing his little bit to add to the great structure of knowledge which is gradually being erected.
— Sir Ernest Rutherford
Quoted in Robert B. Heywood, 'The Works of the Mind', The Scientist (1947), 178.


The path from chemistry to life was probably also gradual, but just what conditions existed in the early oceans, volcanoes, atmosphere, lithosphere, and other sites in the first billion years is hard to be sure of now. Somehow, organic molecules of impressive complexity must have been formed and been organized into complexes, like peptides in lipid membranes. Going from the simple to the complex can happen: there is no law against it, just long odds. But as Francis Crick and others have noted, there is a big gap between what kind of molecules and molecular arrangements seem achievable by processes we know about, and an organism that can reproduce. The cheap answer is that however unlikely it was, it happened. Otherwise we wouldn't be here.


Most people don't need to know much science and shouldn't have it pushed on them if they don't like it. Another Rutherford quote, I think, is, "I'm not interested in theories that can't be explained to the barmaid."
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 3, 2012 - 12:28am PT
Many people don't find this type of belief system adequate for their vision of reality


No Craig, my views are not based on beliefs. I have said that 1,000 times. Zen has no content. This doesn't help answer questions from the materialist camp, but those are not the questions I am asking.

Nor, as Ed suggests, am I trying to present an alternative to the fantastic belief that matter, with no inner direction, or laws, organized itself "by natural causes" into life, or that matter "creates" consciousness, or that life and consciousness are indistinguishable from and are absolutely, in qualitative terms, the selfsame things as matter.

To some, these are fantastic statements. But are thy really more fantastic than the idea of the speed of light being relative to the observer?

JL



Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 3, 2012 - 12:31am PT
I wasn't trying to suggest anything...
WBraun

climber
Mar 3, 2012 - 12:49am PT
Poor skywalker the original poster.

The poor guy must be banging his head against the wall thinking WTF have I done. LOL

We took his thread and hijacked it to everywhere.

So sorry man, .........
Mimi

climber
Mar 3, 2012 - 12:54am PT
The OP needs to provide an update. Shirley he had to get some good ideas from this thread for his classes. Maybe too many. LOL!
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:59am PT
Job 38:4 Where were you when "I" laid the foundation of the earth?
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 3, 2012 - 05:02am PT
Ed: I don't think that either Largo or WBraun have presented any viable alternative, but they do not have to do that to criticize the lack of a physical theory of life, and point out that we don't have one.

From that fact one can draw any conclusion that they would like to... but very likely whatever that conclusion is, it probably doesn't have much relevance for the future.

The back and forth on this has become quite silly, really... there is really good science being done in this direction, we simply don't have the answer to those questions yet. It's not an issue of the alternative explanations being righter or wronger, the scientific question is unresolved.

And being unresolved at the moment, what's curious is peoples' reaction to that and what they take away from the fact it's unresolved. It obviously provokes a strong reaction in some people.

Largo: Nor, as Ed suggests, am I trying to present an alternative to the fantastic belief that matter, with no inner direction, or laws, organized itself "by natural causes" into life, or that matter "creates" consciousness, or that life and consciousness are indistinguishable from and are absolutely, in qualitative terms, the selfsame things as matter.

Oh, but that's exactly what your doing in an inscrutably slippery, 'have-it-both-ways' manner you've had going on both these threads. On one hand you embrace a "fantastic" skepticism around any leap from the inanimate to the animate (but don't yet seem to deny we exist), while at the same time proffering a "totally impersonal and dimensionless intelligence." Just what is one to make of that? Matter can't beget life or mind on their own, but there's a universal intelligence loitering about should the need ever arise - is there some reason you don't just close the gap? Is there some sort of ascetic aesthetic in the denial of the obvious?


So, skipping the inscrutability index conjecture, which in no way represents the 'criticism' Ed seems to think it does, how about simply answering the question?

healyje: Largo, what exactly is the problem with not currently having a clear hypothesis, a viable theory, and not having even gotten the problem space well mapped out? We were in the exact same space in 1889 relative to the transistors, jet turbines, and what the surface of Mars was like.

It kind of boils down to just another day in the hood and so what?
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 3, 2012 - 09:00am PT
I dunno, from my perspective this is just a ride and when it's over it's over and there's absolutely nothing whatsoever special that distinguishes me from an amoeba or a rock beyond what I appreciate, enjoy, love and contribute. I have no further requirement than that and accepting that seems a simple as breathing as well. No need for god, universal intelligences, hells-on-earth, or somewhere to go or be after this life. This is and has already been exceptionally great beyond words. In fact, coming up on sixty and struggling with whether I can pull my sh#t together enough to claw my up the Diamond on the day of, I'd say I'm already so very far into the gravy that every hour is a gift given how life could have, and still could, go at any moment.

It kinda leaves me amazed that people can't see the miracle and wonder in just walking around breathing and instead allow fears and need to leave them continuously preyed upon by a desire for something more than what's right in front of them when they open their eyes and take a deep breath. So speaking of the Homeric, why on earth is it that people need for it to be any more complicated or mysterious than that?
cowpoke

climber
Mar 3, 2012 - 10:16am PT
^^^haven't laughed that hard in a long time -- thanks, DMT. very funny.
WBraun

climber
Mar 3, 2012 - 10:18am PT
I dunno, from my perspective this is just a ride and when it's over it's over

I drove to the cookie, parked the car, the ride was over,

I left the dead car.

The hike to the base began .....
WBraun

climber
Mar 3, 2012 - 11:25am PT
Look who's whining now.

You're the one who's originally started all those stupid snarky posts making up tons of sh!t.

Then you asked for examples of you making up sh!t.

You were then exposed time and time again with examples.

F you need your head examined ......
cintune

climber
Midvale School for the Gifted
Mar 3, 2012 - 11:50am PT
[Click to View YouTube Video]
And the moral of this magic spell
Negotiates my hide
When God did take my logic for a ride
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:04pm PT
Oh, but that's exactly what your doing in an inscrutably slippery, 'have-it-both-ways' manner you've had going on both these threads. On one hand you embrace a "fantastic" skepticism around any leap from the inanimate to the animate (but don't yet seem to deny we exist), while at the same time proffering a "totally impersonal and dimensionless intelligence." Just what is one to make of that? Matter can't beget life or mind on their own, but there's a universal intelligence loitering about should the need ever arise - is there some reason you don't just close the gap? Is there some sort of ascetic aesthetic in the denial of the obvious?
---------


What one is to make of that is what I have said all along: There are at play in our lives fantastic mysteries and paradoxes that ARE both ways. These paradoxes are fundamental and basic to being alive. We are both material and thought, temporal and infinite, matter and not. You want them to be one way, material, quantifiable, temporal, and causally connected. Material things can be framed in this way and without doing so we have no technology. But materialism can only take us so far and then it breaks down. Usually at the point of imagined "origins," particualrly when matter is expected to source "all and everything."

Because of this belief, we have scientism, which at bottom believes quantifying has no limitations per investigating "reality." And if it does, it still goes further than any other mode. That is the Golden Rule which can never be broken.

I laugh and am snarky because while there is a million dollar prize out there for anyone who can demonstrate how inanimate matter became animate. You could post the same for showing how matter can become experience. And while no one has any answer beyond objective functioning, they will insist that because "good science" is being done all over the place (very true), these challenges will soon be wrestled down materially. The only reason we don't already have a sentient computer is that we haven't quite got the technology sorted. But just wait.

And like I said, I got real estate on the moon for anyone believing same.

JL
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:16pm PT
Jesus has brought the dead back to life, John 11 - The Death and Resurrection of Lazarus
http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+11&version=NASB

StahlBro

Trad climber
San Diego, CA
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:31pm PT
Bottom line is you can't be totally objective. Everyone has prejudices that make them interpret "objective" facts according to their own experience and training. Mathematics, physics etc. are all based in observable facts, but I don't think they explain the complete breadth of human experience. Being aware of your prejudices really helps you move forward in complete understanding, but this is a side note to teaching the mechanics of evolution.

Things are never black and white when it comes to human experience. If you choose one thing over another, you are limiting your capabilities to understand. It is fine to have preference, but excluding is limiting.

The mechanics of evolution are observable. What put them in motion is still up for debate.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:38pm PT
Ed,

At least with planetary processes, equilibrium is very rarely constant.

Puncuated equilibrium is the norm. Something is in an equilibrium state, gets whacked, flops around for a while and then settles down to another equilibrium state, which may be identical or different from the first state.

You see it all of the time on a macro scale.

As for the entropy argument being used against evolution, it is not valid. First, energy is constantly being moved around on all scales. True, the Universe should eventually wind down and everything will go dark billions of years in the future, but when you apply entropy to a complicated system, it often only matters on a massive time scale.

For instance. Plants grow and reproduce using sunlight. Sure, the sun has a lifespan, but it is in billions of years. Plants might have an annual generation. I eat the plants and can live and reproduce.

With that food, who draws its energy from the sun, I can do work. I can mine and refine materials. I could build a car. I could put gasoline in the tank of the car and drive to South America. The gasoline is just fossil algae that grew and reproduced using sunlight. It was buried to a great enough depth that the temperature from radioactive decay deep in the earth, along with the pressure of overburden, caused that fossil plant life to be converted to oil..and gasoline.

So the sun shines and I can drive to South America.

Now I think that this is pretty f%$king cool.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:39pm PT
Largo's has taken the position that is perhaps totally immune to "being wrong"

first he points out that science hasn't the answers to the deep questions he asks (questions as old as human memory)

he then states that a scientist's belief in solving those questions using science is no different than any religious or philosophical belief (channeling the post-modern criticism of science as having no privileged position in the academy)

but that science is obviously a powerful means with which to understand nature, and these particular questions and so it has a lot to provide in answering those questions

-------


if we take a trip in the wayback machine, it would be fun to fictionalize a pre-genetic-knowledge view of evolution that Largo-like interlocutor might preside over a similar discussion about the "belief" in evolution, which would require a, then unknown, functional element in life that drove heredity

the identification of that biological element, and the understanding of its function, and the very decoding of the information has been a major scientific success in the last 60 years, which provides perhaps the most important element of evolution, and provides the intellectual framework for biology

but before that discovery, the Largo-like critic certainly could argue identically to the Largo we have here... basically: "where's the beef?"

I think it is important to show just where the beef is, and equally important to point out that we don't know, yet...

...taking bets on whether or not we'll find the beef in this particular manner seems like fun, but my criticism of philosophy is that it has been around for a lot longer than science has, and contributed a lot less in the understanding of things around us... and like religion, the domain over which it can claim relevance shrinks, as science's grows... sorry, that's just the way it is...

...and just to circle around, when you know where the beef is, you don't worry about the philosophical or religious basis of that knowledge, you just enjoy the meal... as observed by Feynman.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:41pm PT
You see it all of the time on a macro scale.

we are all familiar with it, we do not have a predictive theory that explains it in most instances.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:44pm PT
I often see people putting forth a false dichotomy. This can easily be logically incorrect.

It is either this or that. Nothing in the middle.

Go-B finds all of his answers in the Bible, so only the Bible is true and anything in conflict is false.

You have to be careful with the false dichotomy. It can be a pretty nasty trick.

You see it in politics all of the time. I am reminded of the time when Obama talked about getting out of Iraq. The Republicans started calling it "Cut and run."

This is a false dichotomy. There is only victory or failure. In reality, the definition of those terms covers some wide ground.

It isn't always wrong. There are situations with only two choices or outcomes.

The slippery slope argument is also a rhetorical no-no.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:48pm PT
I can yack with you for days about geologic processes that follow puncuated equilibrium.

Climate is like that. Earth is all fine. Earth gets whacked by an asteroid that changes many of the prior conditions. Earth then settles down and follows the new condiitons.

It is all over the place.

You can predict it if the system is understood well enough. You know that the Earth is going to get whacked again with an asteroid. Only a matter of time.

An earthquake drops ground level around the New Madrid fault after a big earthquake. Now it is a big lake. Fish live there. The ecosystem changed from plant covered flood plain to a reasonably normal fresh water lake.

I know that you work with lots of very small physicle particles. I look at billions of years of processes. So I am used to it.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 3, 2012 - 01:55pm PT
I also think about cosmology... which is a bit longer process than your geological musings, but being greater than the few thousand year extent of human awareness...

BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 3, 2012 - 02:03pm PT
Please don't think that I am insulting you, Go-B. This is just an example that came to mind, having just read a post.

You aren't hurting anyone, so please carry on.

The really dirty use of the false dichotomy is in politics or silly arguments. You know...

"You are either for it, or you are against it." That is the classic example of a false dichotomy. I am sure that most people here are aware of it.

The problem with these improper uses of logic is that our politicians use them constantly. It really irritates me. It irritates me because most people don't notice it and will believe anything they are told.

Ya gotta go rent the movie, "Idiocracy." It is hilarious, and painfully true.
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 3, 2012 - 02:07pm PT
Musings? This is hard work. Sick hard.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 3, 2012 - 04:59pm PT
Largo: But just wait.

Again, so what's the problem with just waiting? As pointed out by Ed with his commentary around DNA prior to its discovery and by myself with the question about "...1889 relative to the transistors, jet turbines, and what the surface of Mars was like", that's how it works.

Is it, as Ed seems to think, that philosophers don't really have much to add, or that they just manage to outwit themselves at times. Null is certainly a valid, necessary, and useful concept - I use it every day at work - but it seems almost amusing to see someone trying so hard to get 'there' all the while pronouncing that time and patience is futile as a mechanism for learning anything beyond it.

Besides, even if you are 'righter', you can meditate 24x7 and the very best you're going to do is a fleeting whiff of that particular event horizon. So I wouldn't say avoid the void, but beyond a certain 'point' what's the utility or learning?
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 3, 2012 - 05:10pm PT
It is chemistry, not philosophy.

eeyonkee

Trad climber
Golden, CO
Mar 3, 2012 - 06:56pm PT
I may have had a little "punctuated equilibrium event" just yesterday. I dunno what it is, but I'm feeling a little extra evolved today. That's the way it is with me. I go months and months with a feeling of statis. Then, I get that unmistakeable feeling of evolving. I argue for evolution from personal experience.

Edit. Turns out it was gas.
eeyonkee

Trad climber
Golden, CO
Mar 3, 2012 - 07:13pm PT
Every now and then I like to point out contributors who impress me with their intelligence and writing style. I want to point Healyje as someone in this category.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 3, 2012 - 11:01pm PT
Dear Dr. F.

You know there are alternatives to either/or thinking. You just don't want to engage in them.

This is not surprising since you live in America which pits people against each other and always
declares one winner and one loser at the end. We were all raised on the idea that cut throat
competition makes the best society. Comparing ourselves to other industrialized nations (infant
mortality, education, life span etc.) however, doesn't bear this out. And our dichotomized
political system which demonizes the other side is an even worse example.

Either/or is the problem and we need a new paradigm.
You do love all your cactii don't you, not just one?
MH2

climber
Mar 3, 2012 - 11:08pm PT
You can't have it both ways.
I want know why I am wrong!


It depends on how you look at it. If you are talking about light as wave or particle.
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 3, 2012 - 11:12pm PT
Either there is a god or not

Bingo!
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 3, 2012 - 11:19pm PT
Fair enough, Dr. F.

Now in keeping with science, I'm going to say that we need
a precise definition of God before we start, so we all know what
we're talking about. Otherwise this discussion is meaningless.

Please define God.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 3, 2012 - 11:59pm PT
What's wrong with God set this universe in motion at the big bang and let it evolve
from there (an educated western approach)? Or that God and the universe are
intertwined as intelligent matter (an educated eastern approach) or some kind of
western implicate order or holographic paradigm?

And what about the Zen concept of the "don't know mind"?
Jonnnyyyzzz

Trad climber
San Diego,CA
Mar 4, 2012 - 12:37am PT
I left this thread 400 posts ago and not one thing has changed. Props to all of you who have stuck it out here fighting the good fight. Don't quit now I think your about to get your point across.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 4, 2012 - 01:48am PT

And what about the Zen concept of the "don't know mind"?


This is the part that Ed is missing. "Right" is a game of providing material evidence for material things of processes.

I've said it before: "Knowledge availed us nothing."

This is, knowledge about "things."

Ed makes a case for the frivolity of philosophy which has been "corrected" by measuring. In fact measuring has provided a massive amount of knowledge about objective functioning. But the fundamental, existential questions about what is is to be a human being involve questions that quantifying have not gone one step in sorting out - unless you are satisfied with objective functioning alone to answer your questions. Many have cried existential Uncle and have declared that since quantifying can provide the only real answers, everything else in simply mnot worht pursuing, since there is no "beef" in anything but measuring.

If you only knew . . .

JL
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 4, 2012 - 01:54am PT
Nothing wrong with physics and it fits quite well with the notions of God that I mentioned.
Both that kind of God and physics involve speculation about possibilities -
a long way from a god who was described once and for all a few thousand years ago.
Mimi

climber
Mar 4, 2012 - 03:18am PT
What's really wild is that all water on the planet is due to comet strikes. Who can wrap their head around that?! Add 3 billion years and here we are. Try creating that in the lab. Sorry if this was brought up already but what is life really? At the molecular level or higher? What are the criteria?

Let's level the playing field and agree on an amoeba. Anyone pulling this off is bad ass.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 4, 2012 - 06:45am PT
I don't know what it would take to create an amoeba, but I know for sure
that they are harder than hell to kill because their composition is so much like ours.

In the old days we used arsenic to get rid of them and now it's metronidazole,
both poisons which you hope kill those miserable parasites before they kill
you.

Another demonstration no doubt, of the unity of life.
eeyonkee

Trad climber
Golden, CO
Mar 4, 2012 - 09:02am PT
Largo, you focus on the whole measurement thing too much, as if scientists and people who espouse science are little pinheads with slide rulers and incapable of understanding "big" concepts. By and large, belief in evolution doesn't require much in the way of measuring things. It's almost all reasoning and conceptualizing. Darwin hit on it without having a single, actual date for a fossil. What he had were relative dates (the fossil higher in the section is younger than the fossil lower), and a lot of general knowledge about distribution of species and observations of the natural world.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 4, 2012 - 07:44pm PT
If you only knew . . .

That's the whole bloody point - I don't know - and neither do you, and that's o.k...
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 4, 2012 - 11:18pm PT
Healyje:

I don't refute your belief that I "don't know," though I'm not sure what you mean here,.


Again, not wanting to claim I know anything whatsoever (ask my daughter), I'd like to hear about the means by which you came to such knowledge about me.

I understand how one comes to know about muffler bearings, photons, and malt liquor, but per that other stuff, how does one arrive at the conviction that someone else knows or does not know?

And are we talking about quantifiable stuff, the "meat" in Ed's pantry, or other non-things?

So far as what you know, I have no idea.

JL
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 5, 2012 - 07:30am PT
I understand how one comes to know about muffler bearings, photons, and malt liquor, but per that other stuff, how does one arrive at the conviction that someone else knows or does not know?

If you only knew...
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 5, 2012 - 10:15am PT
Mimi,

The presence of so much water on Earth (which should be named "Water,") is still debated.

It is a little out of my area of knowledge, but I do try to keep up on the early earth. Unfortunately this involves watching the Science Channel and reading Scientific American.

I imagine that many of us get some of our science info like that. Not the best way at all.

The great thing about the Earth is the magnetic field. It deflects all sorts of nasty radiation. The Ozone layer stops the UV radiation. Does anyone remember Reagan telling everyone to wear a hat over the ozone/flourocarbon gig? UV radiation would kill many things on Earth. Mars gets doused with tons of it.

Mars almost certainly had a magnetic field and lots of water far in the past. It is much smaller than the Earth, so the core cooled down and froze. Then the atmosphere was scavenged by solar wind after the magnetic field disappeared. The Martian atmosphere is incredibly thin. A friend of mine studies the Martian dust devils. They are huge.

We see many morphologic evidence of flowing water on mars, as well as past vulcanism. We know that there was a strong magnetic field on mars long ago, because Martian meteorites have strong paleomagnetism. Palomag is a geoscience of its own. You can look at a rock, most of which contain some magnetic iron, place it in a device which nulls out the Earth's magnetic field and measure the remnant magnetism. It is huge in reconstructing the past, becuase you can tell latitude from suitable rocks. Then you can reconstruct the motions of plates, along with stratigraphy. It is highly developed and is at least 25 years old.

Venus is still very active, but has no magnetic field. Its day length is very long. I would have to look it up, but it is almost as long as its year. So you need a spinning liquid core for your magnetic field.

I'm not sure how venus has hung on to its massive atmosphere without much of a magnetic field. It is so thick that the Russians (who did all of the Venus landings) quickly figured out to cut away the parachute very high in the atmosphere and then let the landers just sink to the surface much like an object sinking through the ocean. That is pretty cool.

That leads to the goldilocks sydrome. Venus too hot. Mars too cold. Earth just right.

I regret not going to ASU and studying planetary geology. I wouldn't have to wear slacks to work.

We are all hung up on organic life. The chemistry is so complicated. There was a lot of complicated organic molecules, including amino acids, present on the early earth, so life forming from non living chemicals is an interesting idea.

My guess is that we will be able to create machines which are intelligent, can reproduce, and find their own energy source. That is probaly only fifty years into the future.

Another thing to consider is that with agriculture and modern medicine, humans are not really subject to natural selection anymore. The population of the planet has doubled in my lifetime. This number of people is not sustainable. So birth control is a big thing not only in politics, but human health. People like to screw. The chinese recognized this and put in a one child law.With a couple of generations of this, the human population would fall rapidly and put less of a strain on resources. I know, it sounds like a horrible idea, but the hyperbolic rise in human population is just setting us up for famines and disease.

I dunno why some people have so many kids. That, and the people who are having kids, sets us up for the excellent movie "Ideocracy." That is a hilarious must see movie.

Anyway, intelligent machines could replace humans, or we could be symbiotic with machines. That is a real and well grounded idea. Scary one, but humans can easily do some things that are difficult from machines. So it could be good all around.

Machines have so invaded our lives that we are dependent on them in our lives. They are very useful.

Then you have the idea of messing around with human DNA and creating super humans. It isn't legal in this country, but it is in others, and trust me, there are exellent scientists all over the planet. So it will get done just like water flowing downhill. There is a really great movie called "Gattica" which explores this idea. You genetically engineer your kids. If you are an uningineered love child, you are pretty much a janitor, and there is vast social "racism."
WBraun

climber
Mar 5, 2012 - 10:25am PT
intelligent machines could replace humans,

Could?

Those machines are everywhere already replacing humans.

They have what's called artificial intelligence.

Stupid machines, that's why nobody has work.

Stupid people want instant gratification, make machine and put humans out of work.

Eat nuts and bolts and drink oil. All idiots in body consciousness only.

Stupid stupid idiots running the world and they are so proud of their stupidity .....
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 5, 2012 - 10:27am PT
I posted a link to the water debate back about 300 posts:

http://www.supertopo.com/climbing/thread.php?topic_id=1750386&msg=1759100#msg1759100
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 5, 2012 - 10:29am PT
I am not talking about idiots. I am talking about machines that are smarter than humans.

The present machines ARE stupid. They can't perform many acts that are easy for humans. We have a great sensory system.
WBraun

climber
Mar 5, 2012 - 10:39am PT
Humans program the machines and they're stupid.

Machine smarter than humans are spiritual.

Those machines already exist and have for trillions of years.

The stupid analogy that if one does not know something no one else knows either like healyje says is another idiotic projection.

They think because I'm stupid then everyone else is stupid too.

In the future we will become smart.

No in the future you will remain stupid because you have stupid logic and reason and can't think.

Healyje doesn't know therefore no one else knows.

Modern science doesn't know then know one else knows. Stupid idiotic statement.

Stupid stupid stupid brainless idiots .......
BASE104

Social climber
An Oil Field
Mar 5, 2012 - 10:41am PT
Oxygen is a pretty good marker for life. Without life, Oxygen, which is very reactive, would vanish from the Earth's atmosphere. I need to look up how long it would take, but it is a pretty long time from human standards. Not too long by geologic standards.

The early atmosphere of the earth contained lots of CO2. Where is it?

There are massive limestones in the Cambrian and Pre-Cambrian that are still preserved. Limeston is Ca CO3. Dolomite is Mg CO3. Basically, little organisms had carbonate tests and rained to the seafloor and created layers thousands of feet thick. You can also get carbonates form just chemistry. Water gets saturated with Carbonate and precipitates.

Lots of CO2 is locked up in rocks. LOTS of CO2.
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 5, 2012 - 05:34pm PT
For those who can't lead their lives based on what science says (evolution and all that), "Under Jehovah" remains a strongly adaptive fiction around which to congregate even in the 21st century.

March 2, 2012, on Piers Morgan Tonight...
[Click to View YouTube Video]

America, Under Jehovah, God of Moses and Abraham
High Fructose Corn Spirit

Gym climber
-A race of corn eaters
Mar 5, 2012 - 05:49pm PT
"Most people don't need to know much science and shouldn't have it pushed on them if they don't like it."

This irks me.
Norton

Social climber
the Wastelands
Mar 5, 2012 - 05:56pm PT
We should not make our children take science classes, have it "pushed" on them

Everyone but me is "stupid"

Education and science are for the "elites", the highbrows.


That's why I like to call everyone else stupid and pretend to be mocking education and "science".

Mostly because I am a dumb sh#t, and too stupid to see it or admit it.

Maybe, just maybe, that is why everyone just ignores my posts.
Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Mar 5, 2012 - 11:42pm PT
Practically speaking, one of the biggest problems in America is that we don't have
enough qualified science teachers at any level. The universities depend on
foreign graduate students and the high schools depend on the football coach.
No wonder most people don't know much about it or like it.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 13, 2012 - 10:15am PT
Early Evolution of Life: Study of Ribosome Evolution Challenges 'RNA World' Hypothesis
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 30, 2012 - 10:57pm PT
Organics Probably Formed Easily in Early Solar System
...
"Whenever you make a new planetary system, these kinds of things should go on," said Scott Sandford, a space science researcher at NASA Ames. "This potential to make organics and then dump them on the surfaces of any planet you make is probably a universal process."

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/03/120330205815.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29&utm_content=Google+Feedfetcher
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Mar 31, 2012 - 01:10am PT
The chance of life without God's will is like picking the winning Mega lottery numbers every drawing!
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 31, 2012 - 02:13am PT
No god required - never was, never will be.
WBraun

climber
Mar 31, 2012 - 11:30am PT
healyje -- "No god required - never was, never will be."

That's an absolute and unknown ultimately to material mechanistic science.

That so called Modern science that you subscribe to doesn't deal in absolutes.

You are the big worshiper of that so called science.

Thus you are a hypocrite of the highest order and a totally unscientific fool .....
Klimmer

Mountain climber
San Diego
Mar 31, 2012 - 11:47am PT
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^


WB,

Word.






Mar 30, 2012 - 07:57pm PT


Organics Probably Formed Easily in Early Solar System
...
"Whenever you make a new planetary system, these kinds of things should go on," said Scott Sandford, a space science researcher at NASA Ames. "This potential to make organics and then dump them on the surfaces of any planet you make is probably a universal process."

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/03/120330205815.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29&utm_content=Google+Feedfetcher




Yes, even the oldest meteorites we find that predate our Solar system (Carbonacious Chondrites) are loaded with organic molecules, some even have a special aroma as a result of so many organics.

But organic molecules are building blocks only. You have no structure. You have no life.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis

Abiogenesis can not explain non-living matter ----> to life (yet). Personally, I don't think they ever will, because it takes GOD to do so. Once, life begins, then yes the mechanics of evolution can occur and take place.

If I come and dump a truck-load of bricks onto your front lawn, it does not make the Sistine Chapel. That takes designers and skilled laborers to do so.

Equivalently, a large amount of organic molecules do not make the simplest microbial organism, the first life form, in whatever form it took. It would seem to suggest that it takes a designer. We call him GOD. And he did it through Theistic Evolution.

"And in him was the breath of Life."




John.1:1-5 (KJV)
[1] In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
[2] The same was in the beginning with God.
[3] All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
[4] In him was life; and the life was the light of men.
[5] And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not.



Edit:

By the way, the above is "Forbidden Secret Knowledge" and is not allowed to be taught or learned in public education.

I'm OK with that. Sometimes we learn and come to the truth outside the State sanctioned system of education.

So be it.

As Sting sings in Wrapped Around Your Finger

http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=1683

"I have only come here seeking knowledge,
Things they would not teach me of in college."
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 31, 2012 - 12:35pm PT
Klimmer, which of the various religions would you teach "secret knowledge" from?

which is correct?

you and go-B seem to have a christian bent...
Werner has studied ancient South Asian teachings
others here have stated many different ideas...

As with many of these discussions, the domain of those teachings becomes smaller and smaller as our scientific sophistication increasingly provides understanding of many of the "mysteries" of antiquity.

There is no reason why life, itself, cannot be explained by this scientific reasoning... and whatever the case, science will continue to study and explain this stuff, all of it, to varying degrees of success.

While we all have opinions on the potential success of this course of study, they are just opinions, the work will be done and we'll know, someday... the science is not static, is not fixed, but ever refined.

This is in counter-distinction to some rather old thinking, some of it quite good, but most of it fixed into dogma, revealed to us as "secret knowledge" the source of which is not any more than the source of scientific inspiration and work, which is to say, ourselves. People thought through this stuff long ago, codified it and passed it along... some of them thought that they experienced supernatural inspiration, all they know is that they had some experience, some thought, that was beyond their experience... and interpreted that experience in the context of their times.

Science, as you know, proceeds from a very different starting point, and claims a limited domain of explanation, that of the physical world alone.... yet even staying in that domain it has been able to explain a vast phenomenology, not just as a set of facts, but as understanding of how these phenomena arise, and how they are related. And the knowledge is not "revealed" but taught as a logical system accessible to all.

Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 31, 2012 - 03:17pm PT
. . . revealed to us as "secret knowledge" the source of which is not any more than the source of scientific inspiration and work, which is to say, ourselves.
--


There are more than a few people who would argue that ALL which enters consciousness is not sourced, or created, entirely, by ourselves, starting with the agency of awareness itself. And I don't mean to nitpick or repeat old arguments and spin on the head of a pin. I just question the belief that the evolved brain "creates," in the classical fashion, the entire consciousness process, just as I reject the idea that "God" does what the brain cannot, or is not doing.

Just today, in the LA Times, big brain guru Jonah Lehrer was asked if there was a Holy Grail in neuroscience and he said:

"Consciousness. These trillion synaptic connections, somehow they give rise to subjective self-experience. We have no idea how that happens, not even a glimmer."

And yet note how he clings to the belief that synaptics connections "give rise" (create) experience. I'm not saying they don't, in some partisan way, only that perhaps there are other factors involved which are being missed through clinging to the old "transmission" model of consciousness.

"Not even a glimmer" is quite a different thing than saying, "we just need a little more of the same data, but better."

It sure is interesting to see where this is going, and to revise my ideas as things unfold. I think most any dogmatic approach, either in quantifying or whatever, will prove one-dimensional soon enough.

JL
Hannes

Ice climber
Mar 31, 2012 - 07:32pm PT
Not being American I can't quite understand how this thread can exist in the 21st century, or 20th even. Maybe there is a God, who knows? But now Christianity isn't the best explanation of how life came about and has come to where it is now. Please don't come with quotes from a book that was written hundreds of years after the main events. Do people not want their children to have the best possible education? We don't teach kids that phlogiston is the reason for fires because we have found a better explanation.

Evolution is a science and should be treated as such. Also bear in mind that abiogenesis is not evolution. Right now God is maybe the best explanation to abiogenesis but I doubt it'll remain as such as science progresses. Since the dawn of man God has filled that ever smaller hole of unexplained phenomena from lightning to why we get ill and one day I suspect he will be pushed out of the equation completely. I wonder what the bible would have said if it was written today with what we know now.

As for the basic building blocks of life, they are really rather uncomplicated and far from impossible that it happened without divine intervention.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 31, 2012 - 07:56pm PT
Brain guru Jonah Lehrer: "Consciousness. These trillion synaptic connections, somehow they give rise to subjective self-experience. We have no idea how that happens, not even a glimmer."

Largo: And yet note how he clings to the belief that synaptics connections "give rise" (create) experience. I'm not saying they don't, in some partisan way, only that perhaps there are other factors involved which are being missed through clinging to the old "transmission" model of consciousness.

It's a pretty simple proposition: we know more or less what we know, we have a rough idea of what we don't know, and conjecture around what we don't know is cool. What isn't cool is just making various and sundry voodoo bullshit up to fill the void about what we don't know.

For me it seems you have what borders on a profound problem with the fact we simply don't know some things and that our 'knowing' is still a long, long way off and maybe somethings are simply too complex to parse out all the way. What exactly is the problem with "not even a glimmer"? So what? Hey, it's where we are. But again, I don't see how our current ignorance shouldn't be taken as some sort of license to proffer all manner of ludicrous wankery in in its place.
ms55401

Trad climber
minneapolis, mn
Mar 31, 2012 - 08:04pm PT
why is this stupid-as-fukk thread here?

not trying to be an as#@&%e
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Mar 31, 2012 - 08:59pm PT
But again, I don't see how our current ignorance shouldn't be taken as some sort of license to proffer all manner of ludicrous wankery in in its place.
---


You either don't know how to read "the English," or you need to up your meds, you silly punter, for at no place have I "proffered" ANY voovuuu ideas per the origins of consciousness - unless you're yet another who worships quantification, and any questions about there being limitations of this mode are, in your view, proof of "wankery" and snake oil. Such a view is scientism, and you can have it.

But soberly, for a moment, look at Lehrer's exact language. "Not even a glimmer" is not, "We have some reasonable idea," or, "We're confident that we're on the right track, and are using the right approach," and especially not, "The processing, objective functioning models people are studying are drawing closer to understanding how consciousness itself works and how it arises from matter." He's saying exactly the opposite of this. Clearly.

If we were on a climb, "Not a glimmer," by it's common usuage, would mean to me that there was basically no chance, for instance, that I am going to climb this next pitch. "A tiny glimmer," or "a faint glimmer" - then maybe I keep throwing myself at the very same line. But if after all this work there's "not a glimmer," at all, whatsoever, I wouldn't necessarily abandon the route then and there, but damn straight I'd start looking for other lines. If in your view, suggesting that we look for alternative lines is in itself "proffering all manner of ludicrous wankery," I figure you must be another of those jugheads who views ALL alternatives to measuring - including those yet conceived - as belly flops into the Blood of Christ and creationism.

That rather amazes me.

JL



healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Mar 31, 2012 - 09:23pm PT
Largo: But soberly, for a moment, look at Lehrer's exact language. "Not even a glimmer" is not, "We have some reasonable idea," or, "We're confident that we're on the right track, and are using the right approach," and especially not, "The processing, objective functioning models people are studying are drawing closer to understanding how consciousness itself works and how it arises from matter." He's saying exactly the opposite of this. Clearly.


The level of inference and extrapolation in this statement is somewhat, though unsurprisingly, hyperbolic. Dude, take it a face value - we don't have any idea and let it go at that - he neither implies nor infers any of your superfluous extrapolations.

Largo: If we were on a climb, "Not a glimmer," by it's common usuage, would mean to me that there was basically no chance, for instance, that I am going to climb this next pitch. "A tiny glimmer," or "a faint glimmer" - then maybe I keep throwing myself at the very same line. But if after all this work there's "not a glimmer," at all, whatsoever, I wouldn't necessarily abandon the route then and there, but damn straight I'd start looking for other lines.

It's a wonder you put up an FA at all if that was your attitude and approach at the time. 'Not a glimmer, "by its common meaning" [in climbing] means I haven't the slightest clue where I'm going, and maybe not even where I am, but it has only rarely ever meant I'm backing off or walking away. On the contrary, my experience has been sometimes you just have to work through that sh#t.

Largo: If in your view, suggesting that we look for alternative lines is in itself "proffering all manner of ludicrous wankery," I figure you must be another of those jugheads who views ALL alternatives to measuring - including those yet conceived - as belly flops into the Blood of Christ and creationism.

I'm suggesting we've barely gotten both feet off the starting line to understanding the brain or mind because we've only had the tooling to begin such research in a productive manner for such a short period of time we're still just trying to get a basic understanding of how brain fundamentals work - and that's just from the genetic, chemical, electro-chemical, neuro-anatomy, and functional organization perspectives alone. You might also consider this as a 'grand challenge' of human endeavors and you and others should scale your perceptions of "all this work" way, way back down because we've barely scratched the surface to-date.

I'm also suggesting I view alternatives that are endlessly obfusticated with metaphysical gobbledygook, are utterly resilient to plain language, or can't be experienced by the average human as "ludicrous wankery."
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Mar 31, 2012 - 10:32pm PT
I didn't get the sense, reading that OpEd piece, that Jonah Lehrer was giving up on his scientific approach to the issues of brain and consciousness...

http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-morrison-lehrer-20120401,0,4999293.column

glimmer or not
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Apr 1, 2012 - 12:36am PT
Easy, boys, I have repeatedly said that science has every right to push on trying to measure it's way to understanding consciousness. Lehrer is clearly going that route. My point was that a stringent, bottom-up causal model, or a model based on processing or the objective functioning of "things," might not be the route to take here. This I can see is considered heretical.

Where Healyje looses his way, IMO, is in flubbing the metaphor. When I dragged a climbing into this, I was suggesting that "not a glimmer" in Lehrer's case meant that he thought or was certain he knew the way (measuring, and that consciousness arose, in whole, from the brain), or the "route." Problem is, the skill, or as Healyje would put it, the rack or the gear, is insufficient as yet for the given climb - but once we get the gadgets. we'll send straight off. Right.

In fact we don't know the route at all, and that's why there is "not a glimmer," namely, because as I've said till I was blue in the face, consciousness and experience are not "things," and so to approach them as things will always yeild massive data per objective functioning, but "not a glimmer" about consciousness. Try and we will, they are not the selfsame things.

My broken-record commentary here about non-things has never found much traction, and has been called rubbish, wankery, and so on. But this idea is thousands of years old, and even of scientists of some merit, like Werner Heisenberg, have broached the subject:

“The ontology of materialism rested upon the illusion that the kind of existence, the direct ‘actuality’ of the world around us, can be extrapolated into the atomic range. This extrapolation, however, is impossible . .. atoms are not things.”

You can treat atoms like things and gain remarkable insights about functioning and processing, but consciousness itself is a different matter completely, ergo "not a glimmer."

When something is greater than it's individual parts, a top down dynamic is always at play, IME.

JL
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Apr 20, 2012 - 11:42pm PT
a cross post...
...up above I used for the definition of life:
"(i) to couple energy from the environment into usable chemical forms;
(ii) to carry out specific catalytic functions;
(iii) to make and/or copy macromolecules;
(iv) to give some of these informational significance."

the published results seems to check items (ii), (iii) and (iv)

on another post there were these definitions of life:
“Life is self-reproduction with variations”.
“Any system capable of replication and mutation is alive”.

which is satisfied by the systems in these experiments...


Science:

Toward an Alternative Biology Science 336, 307 (2012);
Gerald F. Joyce

Genetics provides a mechanism for molecular memory and thus the basis for Darwinian evolution. It involves the storage and propagation of molecular information and the refi nement of that information through experience and differential survival. Heretofore, the only molecules known to be capable of undergoing Darwinian evolution were RNA and DNA, the genetic molecules of biology. But on page 341 of this issue, Pinheiro et al. ( 1) expand the palette considerably. They report six alternative genetic polymers that can be used to store and propagate information; one of these was made to undergo Darwinian evolution in response to imposed selection constraints. The work heralds the era of synthetic genetics, with implications for exobiology, biotechnology, and understanding of life itself.



Science 336, 341 (2012);
Synthetic Genetic Polymers Capable of Heredity and Evolution
Vitor B. Pinheiro, Alexander I. Taylor, Christopher Cozens, Mikhail Abramov, Marleen Renders, Su Zhang, John C. Chaput, Jesper Wengel, Sew-Yeu Peak-Chew, Stephen H. McLaughlin, Piet Herdewijn, Philipp Holliger

Genetic information storage and processing rely on just two polymers, DNA and RNA, yet whether their role reflects evolutionary history or fundamental functional constraints is currently unknown. With the use of polymerase evolution and design, we show that genetic information can be stored in and recovered from six alternative genetic polymers based on simple nucleic acid architectures not found in nature [xeno-nucleic acids (XNAs)]. We also select XNA aptamers, which bind their targets with high affinity and specificity, demonstrating that beyond heredity, specific XNAs have the capacity for Darwinian evolution and folding into defined structures. Thus, heredity and evolution, two hallmarks of life, are not limited to DNA and RNA but are likely to be emergent properties of polymers capable of information storage.
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Apr 21, 2012 - 08:17am PT
Proverbs 20:12 The hearing ear and the seeing eye,
The Lord has made them both.
Norwegian

Trad climber
Placerville, California
Apr 21, 2012 - 08:31am PT
just ass my dog makes her morning turd on dry leaves,
gobi must drop his morning brain stool on our grounds.


MH2

climber
Apr 21, 2012 - 10:45am PT
When something is greater than it's individual parts, a top down dynamic is always at play, IME.




Is that how you would look at a beehive or ant colony?
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Apr 21, 2012 - 11:40am PT
When something is greater than it's individual parts, a top down dynamic is always at play, IME.




Is that how you would look at a beehive or ant colony?
------


What, in your opinion, is the qualitative difference between a beehive, an ant farm, and self-consciousness? Not the mechanism you believe "produces" consciousness, but the consciousness you directly experience as you are reading this. If you can't tell the difference, the conversation stops right here - of that we may be sure.

Another question is: Give us an example of something with an "emergent" function or aspect that you consider to be greater than the parts you believe product it.

I'm waiting for my ride out to Joshua Tree so I'l add this - which is the root of the whole thing:

The question arises: Can we explain consciousness in mechanistic
ological explanations of consciousness, in contrast to terms? Science generally assumes the sufficiency and necessity of mechanistic explanations, thus avoiding dualism. By mechanistic explanation, it is meant any concrete physical process that can be realized computationally, ranging from chaotic dynamics (Freeman, , Heidegger) and ‘Darwinian’ competition (Edelman, Dreyfus & Dreyfus, Berry & Broadbent), to quantum mechanics (Penrose).

Jackendoff suggested this thesis: ‘‘Every phenomenological distinction is caused by /supported by /projected from a computational distinction.’’ In other words, the belief runs, any so-called “emergent” function such as mind or consciusness is strictly the mechanical outcome of a computational i.e., mechanical process.

Sounds good - till you look closer.

The fly in the oinment, or the turd in the punchbowl, as it were, is that there is no explanation why any mechanical process (whether it is in the form of attractors, reverberation, synchronous firing, coherence, et al) leads to consciousness; that is, what is monumental qualitatively difference of one mechanical or computational process from another that can account for the qualitative, phenomenological difference in consciousness?

Basically, what this whole angle rests upon is the religious belief that without mechanistic explanations, we can never claim to have achieved a true understanding of the nature of consciousness. This assumes that at it's most basic level, consciousness is thing, a mechanism.

And that brings to light another question: What in reality is NOT a mechanism?

JL
MH2

climber
Apr 21, 2012 - 09:46pm PT
What, in your opinion, is the qualitative difference between a beehive, an ant farm, and self-consciousness?


I don't have an opinion on or answer to that question.



Another question is: Give us an example of something with an "emergent" function or aspect that you consider to be greater than the parts you believe product it.


A beehive. An ant colony.




Basically, what this whole angle rests upon is the religious belief that without mechanistic explanations, we can never claim to have achieved a true understanding of the nature of consciousness. This assumes that at it's most basic level, consciousness is thing, a mechanism.


A sense that "a top-down dynamic is at play" sounds much more like religious belief. I think you are pulled toward the spiritual and mystical, JL.

Neurophysiologist Eric Luschei once told me he thought all neurobiologists were on a journey, either downwards toward the molecule or upwards towards the soul.

One can also see it as a jig-saw puzzle. You have to look carefully at what is already known before you can ask a good question, get the answer, and connect a new piece where it belongs among the rest.

I don't know that it helps to talk about the "most basic level" of consciousness. You need to know certain things to understand the motions of galaxies, very different things to understand chemical reactions. Is one area "more basic" than the other? By "most basic level" do you mean molecules? Atoms? Sub-atomic particles?

The real question is: What can you learn beyond what you already know?


Jan

Mountain climber
Okinawa, Japan
Apr 22, 2012 - 02:54pm PT
Theoretical talk about the brain is one thing but undergraduate students at least seem more impressed with what we know of comparative behavior among the great apes, including us.

One of the best sources for teaching and gifts for young friends is the gorilla foundation which has videos and books of sign language using gorillas. They've also begun to study the brain of one of the signing gorillas who died. His brain has more neurons of a certain type than found in any other nonhuman primate studied to date – a number close to that appearing in humans.

A $25 donation and you will receive their newsletter.

http://www.koko.org/index.php
MH2

climber
Apr 22, 2012 - 03:09pm PT
Behavior is the brain's output. Behavior is a worthwhile study in its own right.
go-B

climber
Habakkuk 3:19 Sozo
Apr 22, 2012 - 04:48pm PT
1 Chronicles 29:11 Yours, O Lord, is the greatness,
The power and the glory,
The victory and the majesty;
For all that is in heaven and in earth is Yours;
Yours is the kingdom, O Lord,
And You are exalted as head over all.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Apr 22, 2012 - 09:04pm PT
What, in your opinion, is the qualitative difference between a beehive, an ant farm, and self-consciousness?


I don't have an opinion on or answer to that question.


I don't believe this for a second - that when asked a direct question per the topic that you don't have an opinion. My sense of this is that without qualitative differences given full weight in these discussions, the important aspects of the topic are defaulted out of in lieu - you guessed it, mechanics.


Another question is: Give us an example of something with an "emergent" function or aspect that you consider to be greater than the parts you believe product it.


A beehive. An ant colony.


What is the emergent function in either a beehive and an ant colony, meaning - what is the emergent function, aspect or phenomenon that has little to nothing to do, qualitatively, with bees or ants?

Hint: For example, with consciousness, even if you have no "opinion," it nonetheless is facile to see the qualitative difference between, say, self-awareness, and electro-chemical activity.

JL

Rankin

Social climber
Greensboro, North Carolina
Apr 22, 2012 - 10:57pm PT
Teach the science, as any such class is dependent upon the scientific method, rather than religious conjecture. Allow a critique of evolution, or an alternate theory, if it is based on scientific evidence. The Supreme Court has ruled that states may require the teaching of alternate scientific theories, but has been quite clear that creationism is not a scientific theory.

This is a lovely topic for me since I'm studying for a Con Law final. In Edwards v. Aguillard (1987) the Supreme Court ruled that requiring the teaching of creationism along with evolution was an unconstitutional violation of the Establishment Clause of the 1st Amendment--that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion." Aguillard established the Lemon Test for determining whether an Act is an infringement of the Establishment Clause. Though this test is rarely used today, it is still relevant:

The goverment's action:
1) must have a legitimate secular purpose;
2) must not have the primary effect of either advancing or inhibiting religion;
3) must not result in an excessive entanglement with religion

In the Court's analysis in Aguillard, a law requiring creationism in public education is a de facto promotion of religion, because creationism cannot be decoupled from its religious tenets of Biblical monotheism, and as such violates the second and third prong of the Lemon Test. The court also found a violation of the purpose prong despite the law's veiled attempts at innocuous drafting.

While intelligent design has not been addressed at the Supreme Court, it will almost certainly meet the same fate should states try to substitute ID for creationism in their statutory scheme.
cowpoke

climber
Apr 23, 2012 - 07:31am PT
Rankin, fabulous post!!!

I'm skeptical, however, about your point regarding the hypothetical case of substituting ID for creationism. I certainly agree that ID fails all three prongs of the Lemon test, but this is not 1987. The court has changed quite dramatically since then. Reading the three prongs, it seems clear cut, but...I would be worried if your hypothetical became reality.

This jumped out at me looking at the Chicago-Kent College of Law web page on Edwards v. Aguillard, which shows the justices and allows you to sort according to vote: http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1986/1986_85_1513
MH2

climber
Apr 23, 2012 - 12:05pm PT
What is the emergent function in either a beehive and an ant colony, meaning - what is the emergent function, aspect or phenomenon that has little to nothing to do, qualitatively, with bees or ants?



I feel I don't understand your question.

Communities of social bees or ants do stuff that individuals of the species couldn't do alone.

I also don't know what you mean when you say that a "top-down dynamic" must be involved when the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. This is all pretty vague.
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Apr 23, 2012 - 12:58pm PT
Communities of social bees or ants do stuff that individuals of the species couldn't do alone.

I also don't know what you mean when you say that a "top-down dynamic" must be involved when the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. This is all pretty vague.


These questions are basically trying to get behind the fundamental logic or reasoning or materialism/physicalism and to show where the model breaks down, or where it can be sustained only though denying or rounding off reality to the material components that are believed to "produce" the emergent
phenomenon.

I have harped on the necessity of honoring the qualitative differences in things because one, they are important, and two, that's how we actually live our lives. And behavior always says things in plain language. We know the qualitative difference between a ripe and rotten tomato and we eat the ripe one. Saying we don't, is absurd, ergo, qualitative differences make a huge difference in our actual lives. If you think differently, eat a rotten tomato. Simple as that.

But getting back on topic: Do you see consciousness or "mind" as being greater than what you believe are the biological and atomic parts that "create" it?

Put differently, can you think of anything on earth, including your spouse, that might be greater than his/her various parts?

Does "life" constitute something greater than the various elements that host/produce it? Is self-awareness more than atomic activity? Or are "life" and "consciousness" merely material "behaviors," like what a bee and an ant do in a colony, ergo the qualitative difference between an ant's physical behavior in an ant farm, and the subjective experience of self-awareness, is precisely zero?

JL
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