What is "Mind?"

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healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Jan 2, 2018 - 09:31pm PT
Logic is certainly a form of social order.

Hmm.......
jogill

climber
Colorado
Jan 2, 2018 - 09:46pm PT
How do you know reality is complete? What do you mean by complete? In math being complete is well-defined. Is that so in reality? And if logic derives from reality (I think our observations of cause and effect in the reality we are aware of lead to basic ideas of logic) perhaps future discoveries will modify that logic.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Jan 2, 2018 - 10:15pm PT
I more suspect some folks simply have a hard time distinguishing between necessity and desire, logic and imagination, complete and limited - probably due to the fact some just find the very notion of dead-stop reality an uncomfortable if not depressing constraint.
WBraun

climber
Jan 2, 2018 - 10:56pm PT
Quit speaking necessity and logic without first defining reality exactly and not some made up an incomplete theory.

The truth is YOU don't know and have made that your reality.

What IS your actual absolute necessity towards reality?

Who/what is the absolute reality?

Don't even bother, it's already been said.

There's no need for the absolute reality all while subconsciously constantly seeking that answer because you are part parcel of that ultimate reality.

But ... instead, we'll become extinct and robots will take over.

st00pidest horsesh!t ever.

You, people, are bat sh!t insane ......
TomCochrane

Trad climber
Cascade Mountains and Monterey Bay
Jan 3, 2018 - 12:13am PT
I am not a physicist, so please how can you explain quantum entanglement without some sort of shared consciousness outside the domain of material physics...instantaneous coupled response across a distance, proved many times in laboratories, including recently by the Chinese from earth to orbit.

This unusual phenomena doesn't fit within a material space-time universe with a speed limit of 186,000 miles per second. Einstein in 1935 famously declared "spooky action across a distance" to be impossible....proven wrong in 1964 by Irish physicist John Bell, and by many other increasingly refined experiments.

I don't agree with Nobel physicist Richard Feynman's famous quote:
I think it is safe to say that no one understands quantum mechanics. Do not keep saying to yourself, if you can possibly avoid it, "But how can it be like that?" because you will go "down the drain" into a blind alley from which nobody has yet escaped.

I think what he says is only true if you don't consider universal consciousness to be a necessary component on Ed's table. I agree that it can not be understood within the limiting domain of a material universe. The 'blind alley' is not blind at all...it is removing the blindfold of material constraints on awareness.

True that once the blindfold is removed you can't escape seeing it....
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Topic Author's Reply - Jan 3, 2018 - 01:30am PT
Said Healje: I understood your point just fine, but we differ with respect the size of the 'gap' in our understanding of the linkage between brain and consciousness. I'd say our viewpoints differ in three ways:

I believe at this point that it's a small leap from [brain] complexity to consciousness for the reasons I pointed out; you and yours think it infinitely large.

I think a tremendous amount of progress has been made towards that goal; you think there has been no real fundamental progress towards closing that gap.

Where we agree is the gap hasn't been closed.

I view that gap small enough to rule out any form of immaterial / universal consciousness for the reasons I've stated; you view it as large enough so as to drive a truck of immaterial / universal consciousness right on through it.

A result of those differences being I view meditation as a matter of owning / quelling / wrangling the outputs of myriad subconscious processes; you view it as a pathway to something immaterial / universal (which I view that as a matter of experiential interpretation).

Helaje also mentioned the notion of "dead stop" reality.


I'm encouraged by these comments, like we are mutually striving for an understanding. But let me clarify some points.

Healje: I believe at this point that it's a small leap from [brain] complexity to consciousness for the reasons I pointed out; you and yours think it infinitely large.

That's not exactly the case. For starters, "you and yours" include many leading neuroscientists, who as mentioned, admit that they cannot even imagine a model that would show how the quantity of anything, no matter HOW complex their arrangement, could create awareness. I view consciousness as the melding of content with awareness, so the riddle is not so much consciousness per se, but the wild card of awareness. The other thing is the first assumption that there IS a gap that can be closed with forthcoming quantitative data, and that we can quantify that gap as small or wide. What some neuroscientists are saying, as well as many in the subjective adventure camp, is not so much that the gap is this big or small, but that there is nothing anyone can imagine directly/causally linking quantity with subjectivity. When we ask for specifics, that is, what, exactly, makes you believe this link actually exists, no one can provide any measurements to vouchsafe same.

Healje: I think a tremendous amount of progress has been made towards that goal; you think there has been no real fundamental progress towards closing that gap.

It is undeniable that huge progress has been made in terms of understanding how objective functioning works, how our visual system, smell, touch, metabolic regulation, etc. works. It is your belief, apparently, that this invaluable work is (as mentioned) a causal run up to us being aware of these functions or of anything. That the royal road to understanding what awareness IS, is found on the causal chain of content generation and bio-regulation. I am hardly alone in believing that the two are closely related but not necessarily causally connected in the way you are thinking or believing. Again, why would the quantity of anything suggest a causal link between biochemical complexity and awareness? When folks say they can't even imagine what that would involve, in physical terms, what do you think they mean?

Healje: A result of those differences being I view meditation as a matter of owning / quelling / wrangling the outputs of myriad subconscious processes; you view it as a pathway to something immaterial / universal (which I view that as a matter of experiential interpretation).

This particular point is directly in my wheelhouse so I can comment with a lot more confidence that the other questions.

Wrangling "outputs" describes only the initial phase of meditation, where you witness your thoughts, feelings, breath, and so on. It has to be so because at the outset our attention is not anchored on anything but content. And even then, the act of observing gets routinely shanghaied by thoughts that carry us away unconsciously. Only after much training (years, in my case), did attention stop wandering like a stray dog.

At that point, once attention stays put, or "sits," per se, the game changes from observing outputs, to observing perception itself. The problem is, you can't. You can't get outside awareness to a 3rd person position to observe the observer. Describing the process that follows is a slippery slope to be sure, but eventually the duality between observer and content dissolves (relatively speaking) and what awareness is NOT slowly becomes obvious. It certainly is not WHAT we are aware of because awareness would vanish as one achieved some detachment from outputs.

I'll leave it at that for the time being because I have to work. But let me comment on your last statement per "dead stop reality."

The main point of the Lund paper was to show that "there is not a precise static instant in time underlying a dynamical physical process at which the relative position of a body in relative motion or a specific physical magnitude would theoretically be precisely determined."

Reality is ALWAYS a moving target, ergo it never assumes a "dead stop" position that we can quantify as "real."

What's more, the terms immaterial and material, subjective and objective are not mutually exclusive. Each can be studied and experienced discretely, but they seem to be co-existing sides of the one real coin. Where the subjective adventures get exciting is when the apparent duality between the two dissolves, when there is no separation between you, an ungraspable awareness, and every thing else, which is in constant flux.

The matrix, so to speak, is being stuck in a perspective in which one or the other side of the coin appears to be paramount. This is the trance.



healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Jan 3, 2018 - 03:51am PT
I'm likewise encouraged by these comments; we just have differing biases and interpretations around what we've experienced and studied.

For starters, "you and yours" include many leading neuroscientists, who as mentioned, admit that they cannot even imagine a model that would show how the quantity of anything, no matter HOW complex their arrangement, could create awareness.

Even a cursory survey of recent thought across neuroscience, cognitive science, neurobiology, biobehavioral science shows this claim is unsupportable and that you are simply cherry-picking in this regard. The reality is this is in no way a representative view of "leading neuroscientists". You might as well be say "leading physicists" citing Tesla, Polkinghorne and Penrose; leading physicists all, but hardly representative of mainstream thought on the topic then or now.

I am hardly alone in believing that the two are closely related but not necessarily causally connected in the way you are thinking or believing.

I've never suggested you're alone in your beliefs and I have no doubt there's even people in the neuroscience community who share them given the difficulty of the problem.

Again, why would the quantity of anything suggest a causal link between biochemical complexity and awareness? When folks say they can't even imagine what that would involve, in physical terms, what do you think they mean?

To reiterate, it's not the quantity of biochemical complexity that matters here anymore than Moody's focus on the "detection of X". In Moody's case it's really all about the response to the detection of X and with regard to biochemical complexity it's all about what that complexity is capable of being organized into (regardless of the quantity involved). And again, I view it as no less miraculous for the brain's subconscious processes to render sound into immaterial, abstract concepts than it would be to suppose it capable of rendering conscious awareness. Also, the biological development / evolution of [raw] 'awareness' is again easily traced via behavior in and across child neurodevelopment, extant species, and in the evolutionary record.

At that point, once attention stays put, or "sits," per se, the game changes from observing outputs, to observing perception itself. The problem is, you can't. You can't get outside awareness to a 3rd person position to observe the observer. Describing the process that follows is a slippery slope to be sure, but eventually the duality between observer and content dissolves (relatively speaking) and what awareness is NOT slowly becomes obvious. It certainly is not WHAT we are aware of because awareness would vanish as one achieved some detachment from outputs.

I am well familiar with arriving at the state where content drops away and you are left with nothing but awareness / perception. I agree it says a lot about what it is NOT, but it also says nothing definitive about what it IS and at that point it's all a matter of experiential interpretation. You clearly have yours, I have my own, and there has been a diverse set of interpretations throughout the history of various cultures.

The main point of the Lund paper was to show that "there is not a precise static instant in time underlying a dynamical physical process at which the relative position of a body in relative motion or a specific physical magnitude would theoretically be precisely determined."

Reality is ALWAYS a moving target, ergo it never assumes a "dead stop" position that we can quantify as "real."

You take the analogy too far. My reference to "dead-stop reality" is more a matter of undeniable necessities and constraints on life: food, air, water, shelter, disease, death, etc - i.e. it was not a reference to any discussion of the physics of spacetime or any philosophy around it. As intellectually stimulating as those topics are they are of little interest to average human attempting to navigate the realities I speak of. My point was simply those realities can be crushing and fearsome emotional shackles for some folks so it's unsurprising they might turn to metaphysical comforts and redresses for them.

Where the subjective adventures get exciting is when the apparent duality between the two dissolves, when there is no separation between you, an ungraspable awareness, and everything else, which is in constant flux.

Deep meditative and active flow states (among many other normal and abnormal states of consciousness) are interesting and revealing relative to the makeup of consciousness and questions around whether both awareness and consciousness are singular or an integration of many different states and levels. Studies of split brains which clearly evidence two separate awarenesses and consciousness in a single brain similarly add to the already voluminous list of interesting questions on the topic.

The matrix, so to speak, is being stuck in a perspective in which one or the other side of the coin appears to be paramount. This is the trance.

That's again certainly an interesting conjecture, but just one interpretation among many. Another might be we are constantly oscillating between the two or that 'consciousness' might be capable of both simultaneously.
WBraun

climber
Jan 3, 2018 - 06:34am PT
Tom C -- " once the blindfold is removed you can't escape seeing it...."

Yes, it IS that simple.

But the foolish gross materialists due to their rebellious nature (false ego ("I am this material body") are their own worst enemies.
yanqui

climber
Balcarce, Argentina
Jan 3, 2018 - 07:07am PT
Maybe reality isn't compelled to follow the rules of logic?

More like human beings are compelled by reality to think logically in order to have knowledge. I would say logic is a fundamental part of the gift (or curse) of the human capacity for knowledge. But then who needs knowledge, right?
MH2

Boulder climber
Andy Cairns
Jan 3, 2018 - 07:23am PT
Ed may have more in mind than the biology and sociology of humans. In the past he has responded to the notion that the fundamental nature of reality is mathematical, with physics following after, by suggesting that the reverse may be the case.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Jan 3, 2018 - 07:37am PT
I am not a physicist, so please how can you explain quantum entanglement without some sort of shared consciousness outside the domain of material physics...instantaneous coupled response across a distance, proved many times in laboratories, including recently by the Chinese from earth to orbit.

Pretty much the exact same logic used by creationists...
Largo

Sport climber
The Big Wide Open Face
Topic Author's Reply - Jan 3, 2018 - 07:38am PT
Sez Healje:

I'm likewise encouraged by these comments; we just have differing biases and interpretations around what we've experienced and studied.

For starters, "you and yours" include many leading neuroscientists, who as mentioned, admit that they cannot even imagine a model that would show how the quantity of anything, no matter HOW complex their arrangement, could create awareness.

Even a cursory survey of recent thought across neuroscience, cognitive science, neurobiology, biobehavioral science shows this claim is unsupportable and that you are simply cherry-picking in this regard. The reality is this is in no way a representative view of "leading neuroscientists". You might as well be say "leading physicists" citing Tesla, Polkinghorne and Penrose; leading physicists all, but hardly representative of mainstream thought on the topic then or now.

-


This is a key point but one I feel you have vastly misrepresented. I was not arguing that many in neuroscience and cognitive science BELIEVE there is a direct causal link between brain generated content and processes, and the indisputable fact that we are aware creatures. My reference is toward those who have tried to PROVE it, or supply some physical model per how objective processing CREATES awareness.

That camp (which is very small) breaks down into two camps: One camp says outright that they can't imagine what the mechanism would be - thy can't even construct a physical model of how it might happen. The second camp TRY and imagine what might be involved, and every one of these theories has one or more fatal flaws, or more likely, the jump from objective processing to awareness is so vaguely present as to be meaningless. This link provides a scholarly overview (from Scientific American) of most all of those who have sought some manner of mechanistic explanation for subjectivity.

The point is that while many feel they are onto something, when you look closely, it's simply not there. At all.




Again, why would the quantity of anything suggest a causal link between biochemical complexity and awareness? When folks say they can't even imagine what that would involve, in physical terms, what do you think they mean?

Healje: To reiterate, it's not the quantity of biochemical complexity that matters anymore than it is the case with Moody's "detection of X" where he considers detection alone as what it's all about. But it's all in the the response in Moody's case and what that biochemical complexity is capable of being organized into (regardless of its quantity). And again, I view it as no less miraculous for the brain's subconscious processes to render sound into immaterial, abstract concepts than it would be to suppose it capable of rendering conscious awareness. Also, the biological development / evolution of [raw] 'awareness' is again easily traced via behavior in and across child neurodevelopment, extant species, and in the evolutionary record.


You didn't answer the question, but rather you answered another one. This kind of switch and bait is, as Chalmers pointed out, is common in these discussions.

What you've done above is to try and reckon awareness by virtue of a "response" (output) observable from a 3rd person perspective. What's more, the unconscious does not organize any objective phenomenon into "sound." Until a subject is aware, "sound" is nothing more than biochemical activity. "Sound" is a conscious phenomenon requiring experience. The source is simply a pattern of disturbance caused by the movement of energy traveling through a medium (such as air, water, or any other liquid or solid matter) as it propagates away from the source,the source being some object that causes a vibration, such as a ringing telephone, or a person's vocal chords. We unconsciously register this movement of energy and our neurons are excited, but "sound" is not real till it hits awareness and the consciousness process. What's more, you cannot trace the evolution of awareness, thought you CAN trace the apparent evolution of consciousness. Even bugs show awareness, but they lack the conscious process to know what it is. Again, so long as you have awareness and consciousness conflated, you end up with a muddled look at this, IMO.

I said: At that point, once attention stays put, or "sits," per se, the game changes from observing outputs, to observing perception itself. The problem is, you can't. You can't get outside awareness to a 3rd person position to observe the observer. Describing the process that follows is a slippery slope to be sure, but eventually the duality between observer and content dissolves (relatively speaking) and what awareness is NOT slowly becomes obvious. It certainly is not WHAT we are aware of because awareness would vanish as one achieved some detachment from outputs.

Healje said: I am well familiar with arriving at the state where content drops away and you are left with nothing but awareness / perception. I agree it says a lot about what it is NOT, but it also says nothing definitive about what it IS and at that point it's all a matter of experiential interpretation.

You clearly have yours; I have my own and there have been a diverse set of interpretations throughout the history of various cultures.

I say: This is not strictly true. Find ONE example of a viable esoteric tradition that says awareness itself is a thing or function that has qualities that one can "interpret." You will never find one. The process is one of elimination, and what you are left with is no thing you can interpret because awareness HAS no qualities. Nothing. Any and all interpretations are based on what is NOT there. What IS there is totally ungraspable. From Tibetan to Tantric to the Upanishads to Zen to Vapassana to whatever you like, the saying is: Awareness is ungraspable. What's more, at depth, raw awareness is the exact opposite of a "state," which can be contrasted with another state with qualities one can grasp and define. Not so with awareness. Whatever you can say about awareness pertains to content.

I wrote: The main point of the Lund paper was to show that "there is not a precise static instant in time underlying a dynamical physical process at which the relative position of a body in relative motion or a specific physical magnitude would theoretically be precisely determined."

Reality is ALWAYS a moving target, ergo it never assumes a "dead stop" position that we can quantify as "real."

Healje said: You take the analogy too far. My reference to "dead-stop reality" is more a matter of undeniable necessities and constraints on life: food, air, water, disease, death, etc - i.e. it was not a reference to any discussion of the physics of spacetime or any philosophy around it. As intellectually stimulating as those topics are they are of little interest to average human attempting to navigate the realities I speak of. My point was simply that those realities can be crushing and fearsome emotional shackles for some folks so it's unsurprising they might turn to metaphysical comforts and redresses for them.

I say: Another common misconception: All meditators are doing so as compensation for unspoken wounds, and are seeking comfort and redress.
Most people I know who meditate are looking for what is true in their lives. Forget the word "meditation." Most are merely settling down and getting quite and seeing what the hell is going on under the hood, that which is not observable from a 3rd person vantage.

I said: Where the subjective adventures get exciting is when the apparent duality between the two dissolves, when there is no separation between you, an ungraspable awareness, and everything else, which is in constant flux.

Deep meditative and active flow states (among many other normal and abnormal states of consciousness) are interesting and revealing relative to the makeup of consciousness and questions around whether both awareness and consciousness are singular or an integration of many different states and levels. Studies of split brains which clearly evidence two separate awarenesses and consciousness in a single brain similarly add to the already voluminous list of interesting questions on the topic.

I say: Active flow states have to do with a subject encountering external or internal content. Not what I'm talking about. You don't really have two different awarenesses in the split brain experiments, rather two different consciousness that are not mediated by a coherent or central "I" or self. Awareness will reflect back and reify whatever "shows on the screen," so to speak. But this is a tricky one to reckon for sure. In any event, below the level of conscious awareness we only have machine registration, not awareness as we consciously experience it. And it gets trickier from thre, IME.

JL: The matrix, so to speak, is being stuck in a perspective in which one or the other side of the coin appears to be paramount. This is the trance.

Healje: That's again certainly an interesting conjecture, but just one interpretation among many. Another might be we are constantly oscillating between the two or that 'consciousness' might be capable of both simultaneously.

JL: I agree with this entirely, except that consciousness IS both simultaneously. One way of looking at it is that awareness and reality are sources and as sources they are continuous and analogue, so to speak. Consciousness is capable of digitizing the analogue into the discrete, lest we would never be able to deal with the "things" in our lives. The "trance" mentioned is our habitual enmeshment with the discrete, and our discursive rambling about it, however true or false. Worth noting is that for humans, though few realize it, the source is continuous, and as mentioned, consciousness can digitize the continuous into manageable parts or bits much as a video camera digitizes reality into 30 free frames a second. For a machine, the source is always digital bits, and machine "knowing" is digital as well, resulting in nothing but mechanical processing and a mechanical output. In a sense, to create a conscious machine you'd have to try and build it in the continuous aspect of the universe, which you can't because you cannot create the continuous out of spare (digital/discrete) parts.

JL: I am hardly alone in believing that the two are closely related but not necessarily causally connected in the way you are thinking or believing.

Healje said: I've never suggested you're alone in your beliefs and I have no doubt there's even people in the neuroscience community share them given the difficulty of the problem.

JL: Not all of what I say is a "belief," which implies something else, some other take could also be true. The fact that I am aware is not a belief. Awareness is the one phenomenon for which we cannot possibly be mistaken. If you are doubtful that you are aware, I'd like to hear why you believe as much. Dennet and other old school behavioralists might question WHAT we are aware of, but none question we are aware in the first instance. And of course "you only think you are aware" is double talk because thoughts (content) are so clearly different then being aware of them.

Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Jan 3, 2018 - 09:38am PT
And of course "you only think you are aware" is double talk because thoughts (content) are so clearly different then being aware of them.

which is, as I have said many times, an incorrect statement regarding the point that you can have all sorts of subjective experiences that are your own, and have no objective basis. A large spectrum of hallucinations make an individual "believe" that they are having an experience (first person) that they may not actually be having (third person).

This is not double talk at all.

That the definition of "consciousness, mind, etc..." you have proposed fails to find a scientific explanation (at least one that is acceptable to you) could be because what you are describing is not "real" but your perception of what is real. If that is so, there can never be an explanation for what your proposed phenomenon, it doesn't exist, but as a subjective experience which is interpreted (largely learned) as "consciousness, mind, etc..."

Finally, a large number of types of hallucinations can be brought on or curtailed by chemical alteration of the brain, which suggests that brain function plays an important role in this behavior. I don't think it is a large inference to suggest that our perception of "consciousness, mind, etc..." originates in the same place.

If you want, this is your "Matrix," although it is not some sinister plot to control your mind, it is your mind.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Jan 3, 2018 - 09:53am PT
as far as logic goes, logic has already been "altered" by a different view of the physical universe, "quantum logic" is not the same as "classical (Boolean) logic."

this has been an interesting idea that the structure of the universe (its algebra) determines the logic we use, the structure of the universe likely has a dynamical origin, thus (the argument goes) logic has a dynamical origin.

so mathematics has an explanation in physics, and if that is so, answers the question regarding why mathematics is the correct language to describe physics.

paul roehl

Boulder climber
california
Jan 3, 2018 - 10:21am PT
Finally, a large number of types of hallucinations can be brought on or curtailed by chemical alteration of the brain, which suggests that brain function plays an important role in this behavior. I don't think it is a large inference to suggest that our perception of "consciousness, mind, etc..." originates in the same place.


What remains is this simple problem: who or what is the perceiver? Chemistry may affect the brain and consciousness as a result, but what is the experience of that effect? Chemistry may be the cause, but the perception of the effect can't be the cause as well.

Just finished a fascinating article about Derek Parfit and his notion of the individual. Wonder if anyone here has read his work?

Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Jan 3, 2018 - 10:40am PT
TC asks/comments:

I am not a physicist, so please how can you explain quantum entanglement without some sort of shared consciousness outside the domain of material physics...instantaneous coupled response across a distance, proved many times in laboratories, including recently by the Chinese from earth to orbit.

This unusual phenomena doesn't fit within a material space-time universe with a speed limit of 186,000 miles per second. Einstein in 1935 famously declared "spooky action across a distance" to be impossible....proven wrong in 1964 by Irish physicist John Bell, and by many other increasingly refined experiments.


But an aside, Feynman and John Stewart Bell interacted on the research Bell was conducting on the EPR, an important effort that initiated modern efforts in quantum mechanics and quantum systems. Feynman was, by stories I have heard by those attending some of the meetings, not impressed. But Bell was quietly confident with his presentation and suggested that Feynman think about it, which he did over night and the next day was vocally affirming the analysis.

Feynman thought very much about quantum mechanics, and made many important contributions. Bell has also thought deeply and contributed much.

What did Bell contribute?

He made a precise test of the possible existence of "hidden variables" in quantum mechanics. Famously, quantum mechanics takes place in a space we do not have access to (abbreviatedly referred to as Hilbert Space). This is because the states (or wave functions) are complex numbers, and our physics is described by real numbers.

To get real numbers we measure the square of the states, the intensity, and interpret this as a probability. So what we are calculating in quantum mechanics is the probability of states. This lead to a series of long discussions between Einstein and Bohr regarding the completeness of quantum mechanics. In Einstein's view quantum mechanics could not be a complete description of the universe, that it was possible that some "hidden variables" existed that actually preserved the determinate nature he felt was an important feature of any description of physical reality. This culminated in the 1935 paper by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen which is referred to as the EPR paper and the EPR paradox.

It is this paper that Bell took up to understand more precisely.

A good description is given in the Wikipedia article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPR_paradox

A lot of modern work has been done trying to understand what is going on. Interestingly recent thinking has focussed on "counter-factual definiteness" rather than "locality" as to the problem. Most mainstream thought in physics would keep "locality" as it is an essential feature to field theories, theories which provide the most precise predictions of experiment.

Counter-factual definiteness is a good candidate for the explanation because it is a statement about what is going on in that "Hilbert space" which is inaccessible to us directly. In particular, our naive views are based on inferences from classical probability theory, and assumptions regarding the nature of the "probability space."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterfactual_definiteness

An example of a counter-factual definite proposition is: "the Sun will rise tomorrow morning" which is a eminently meaningful statement in a classical mechanics setting (and the very foundation of our deterministic ideas). But this statement is based on a large number of assumptions and approximations that may not be correct in the quantum domain.

Bell lived long enough to have his hopes for a deterministic theory dashed by the experimental observations violating Bell's Inequality, thus verifying that quantum mechanics was "non-deterministic." While there are "loopholes" Bell himself felt that there must be some other explanations and pursued his general program of making quantum mechanic's foundations more precise.

In particular, he was pursuing "observationless" quantum mechanics (side stepping the difficulties of precisely defining "measurement") using the concept of physical "beables" which exist without observation.

You should note that this is not an appeal to "spooky" anything, but a program to understand things by being brutally honest and precise about what is being said.

Bell would not invoke "universal consciousness" to explain quantum mechanical phenomena, on the contrary, he felt that there was a very physical explanation.

That is what the resolution of paradox does, opens the door to more physical insight, even if the resolution of the paradox is a difficult path.
Ed Hartouni

Trad climber
Livermore, CA
Jan 3, 2018 - 10:46am PT
...but the perception of the effect can't be the cause as well.

what are your assumptions that lead you to assert this?
Ward Trotter

Trad climber
Jan 3, 2018 - 10:51am PT
Chemistry may be the cause, but the perception of the effect can't be the cause as well.

Au contraire mon frere. Biological systems are often built on what are known as " feedback loops" or " biofeedback loops" resulting in the perception being a real time contributor to the cause of the given response.

Furthermore, if this perception is effectively stored in memory, said perception, once adequately reactivated, can produce the identical response as originally produced by the de novo stimulus, or stimuli.
healyje

Trad climber
Portland, Oregon
Jan 3, 2018 - 11:02am PT
This is a key point but one I feel you have vastly misrepresented. I was not arguing that many in neuroscience and cognitive science BELIEVE there is a direct causal link between brain generated content and processes, and the indisputable fact that we are aware creatures. My reference is toward those who have tried to PROVE it, or supply some physical model per how objective processing CREATES awareness.

That camp (which is very small) breaks down into two camps: One camp says outright that they can't imagine what the mechanism would be - thy can't even construct a physical model of how it might happen. The second camp TRY and imagine what might be involved, and every one of these theories has one or more fatal flaws, or more likely, the jump from objective processing to awareness is so vaguely present as to be meaningless. This link provides a scholarly overview (from Scientific American) of most all of those who have sought some manner of mechanistic explanation for subjectivity.

The point is that while many feel they are onto something, when you look closely, it's simply not there. At all.

I would say you are the one doing the misrepresenting. Worse, you are mischaracterizing the nature of the research. No one who considers themselves a scientist (and isn't cluelessly arrogant) has been trying to PROVE anything to date; what everyone has been doing is proposing models for various aspects of attention (awareness) and consciousness doing the experimental work in an attempt to support those models. Anyone who can't imagine a how it could be possible is clearly not among those doing the work and as a result really have nothing more than opinions to offer. Those doing the work have lots of ideas and lots of models.

And fatal flaws? A meaningless pejorative in in terms of science. Again, there's lots of actual science being done to validate a lot of different models with varying success. And the models themselves are undergoing an rigorous evolution of their own. They don't get deemed fatally flawed but rather graded on how well the data supports the various assertions of the model. Some aspects of the models survive to a next generation, other aspects do not, but the models evolve no differently than philosophical thought and ideas.

As for "it's simply not there", it's a patently ridiculous and derogatory assertion that doesn't hold any water whatsoever. If that were the case then you wouldn't believe in "mechanical content creation" (and it still leaves me a bit agog you don't seem to understand just how badly that undercuts your position).

You didn't answer the question, but rather you answered another one. This kind of switch and bait is, as Chalmers pointed out, is common in these discussions.

It is absolutely not bait and switch, but rather the very essence of the issue of biochemical complexity. It's not a random bag of potential, it's entirely a matter of how it is organized and what functionality and behavior it exhibits. A hundred million 14nm transistors in a bag gets you squat; organize them into an Intel I-7 processor and now you have something. It's a ridiculous question on the face of it just exactly like Moody's is.

What you've done above is to try and reckon awareness by virtue of a "response" (output) observable from a 3rd person perspective.

Hmm. This is such a bad misinterpretation of what I said it really doesn't bear a response, but Moody-related detection response has nothing whatsoever to do my comments on biochemical complexity beyond showing how utterly wrong both questions are. Again, in Moody's case what counts is not detection but the response to detection; in the case of biochemical complexity it isn't about the quantity, it's about the functional organization.

What's more, the unconscious does not organize any objective phenomenon into "sound." Until a subject is aware, "sound" is nothing more than biochemical activity. "Sound" is a conscious phenomenon requiring experience. The source is simply a pattern of disturbance caused by the movement of energy traveling through a medium (such as air, water, or any other liquid or solid matter) as it propagates away from the source,the source being some object that causes a vibration, such as a ringing telephone, or a person's vocal chords. We unconsciously register this movement of energy and our neurons are excited, but "sound" is not real till it hits awareness and the consciousness process. What's more, you cannot trace the evolution of awareness, thought you CAN trace the apparent evolution of consciousness. Even bugs show awareness, but they lack the conscious process to know what it is. Again, so long as you have awareness and consciousness conflated, you end up with a muddled look at this, IMO.

This is entirely wrong as I've explained several times now - your subconscious doesn't hand your conscious awareness 'sounds', it hands you fully contextualized words and phrases. And those words and phrases were recognized, interpreted, and contextualized long, long before you ever become consciously aware of them and I know that to be the case from years of firsthand experience of being handed plausible but wrong words and phrases on occasion. The lack of understanding or acknowledgement of just how much intermediate work is being done by subconscious processes is the other huge failing in your position. Again, without subconscious awareness and processing you wouldn't have consciousness or subjective experience.

This is not strictly true. Find ONE example of a viable esoteric tradition that says awareness itself is a thing or function that has qualities that one can "interpret." You will never find one. The process is one of elimination, and what you are left with is no thing you can interpret because awareness HAS no qualities. Nothing. Any and all interpretations are based on what is NOT there. What IS there is totally ungraspable. From Tibetan to Tantric to the Upanishads to Zen to Vapassana to whatever you like, the saying is: Awareness is ungraspable. What's more, at depth, raw awareness is the exact opposite of a "state," which can be contrasted with another state with qualities one can grasp and define. Not so with awareness. Whatever you can say about awareness pertains to content.

Horribly twisted semantics at best. Experience is interpreted, not awareness. What awareness is though is open to interpretation as well. Your assertion of ungraspability, statelessness and nothingness, while refreshing on one hand because we agree it is stateless with nothing to be directly learned in that black pool once there, entirely falters because being in that nose-to-nose-with-nothing meditative state is still experiential and identifiably associated with a brain state. Again, you interpret it as an ungraspable and immaterial; I interpret as the [subjective] experience of a particular brain state. [ P.S. you provided no SciAm link, but if it's Kastrup then don't bother as it's incredibly weak]

Another common misconception: All meditators are doing so as compensation for unspoken wounds, and are seeking comfort and redress.

Another sad misinterpretation. At no point did I mention meditation in the statement you are responding to here. I did mention metaphysics but in no way coupled them to meditation; that's entirely on you.

Active flow states have to do with a subject encountering external or internal content. Not what I'm talking about. You don't really have two different awarenesses in the split brain experiments, rather two different consciousness that are not mediated by a coherent or central "I" or self. Awareness will reflect back and reify whatever "shows on the screen," so to speak. But this is a tricky one to reckon for sure. In any event, below the level of conscious awareness we only have machine registration, not awareness as we consciously experience it. And it gets trickier from thre, IME.

I would disagree with your description of active flow states, but that's not the point. I was listing both meditation and active flow states as two of a myriad of normal and abnormal states of consciousness. And, yes, with split brain you do have two different awarenesses - i.e. the machine on one side isn't registering and neither attention nor conscious awareness. You can split hairs in dissecting the causal train from stimuli to conscious awareness anyway you like attempting to separate 'machine registration' from [singular] conscious awareness. But the problem with that is again the subconscious processes which you are want to ignore. On top of that you can't seem to decide whether awareness and consciousness are two things or one.

I agree with this entirely, except that consciousness IS both simultaneously. One way of looking at it is that awareness and reality are sources and as sources they are continuous and analogue, so to speak. Consciousness is capable of digitizing the analogue into the discrete, lest we would never be able to deal with the "things" in our lives. The "trance" mentioned is our habitual enmeshment with the discrete, and our discursive rambling about it, however true or false. Worth noting is that for humans, though few realize it, the source is continuous, and as mentioned, consciousness can digitize the continuous into manageable parts or bits much as a video camera digitizes reality into 30 free frames a second. For a machine, the source is always digital bits, and machine "knowing" is digital as well, resulting in nothing but mechanical processing and a mechanical output. In a sense, to create a conscious machine you'd have to try and build it in the continuous aspect of the universe, which you can't because you cannot create the continuous out of spare (digital/discrete) parts.

The first sentence is conjecture I don't happen to agree with. The rest of it kind of rambles on once again entirely either missing or dismissing the massive amount of stage-setting being done by subconscious processes. Sorry, the bottom line is much of the work you want to assign to conscious awareness is fiat accompli long before being handed off to that agency.

The fact that I am aware is not a belief. Awareness is the one phenomenon for which we cannot possibly be mistaken.

I wasn't speaking of 'awareness', but rather your beliefs around awareness and consciousness in general. We can agree awareness is a phenomenon, where we again disagree is in regard to what awareness is. You think it is ineffable; I happen to think it's a brain state (which, no, isn't a kind of thinking, but rather a kind of being). But to each his own.
paul roehl

Boulder climber
california
Jan 3, 2018 - 11:28am PT
Au contraire mon frere. Biological systems are often built on what are known as " feedback loops" or " biofeedback loops" resulting in the perception being a real time contributor to the cause of the given response.

Furthermore, if this perception is effectively stored in memory, said perception, once adequately reactivated, can produce the identical response as originally produced by the de novo stimulus.

I don't buy it. A drug induced psychosis requires a normal structure in which to create a pathology. That structure is separate from the chemical that affects it. That structure then experiences the chemical or some other invasive procedure but the structure is not the cause and does not become the cause and when the chemical is taken away the structure returns to normal. And what is that normal structure but the unknown system that allows for a realization of the self as individual and apart, realizing and knowing. As Carl Sagan said "...the (structure) that allows the universe to know itself." Again this is a meat vs. spirit issue I suppose and evidence beyond subjective experience is hard to come by. But a self examination of our own feelings or our own mind reveals a powerful sense of a self we understand as a knowing, experiencing individual whose thoughts seem to stand apart from the meat that produces them.
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