Jean-Antoine Carrel

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Marlow

Sport climber
OSLO
Topic Author's Original Post - Apr 7, 2016 - 10:13am PT

Jean-Antoine Carrel (1829 – August 1891)


Jean-Antoine Carrel (1829 – August 1891) was an Italian mountain climber and guide. He had made climbs with Edward Whymper and was his rival when he attempted to climb the Matterhorn for the first time. Whymper ultimately succeeded in making the mountain's first ascent in July 1865 while Carrel led the party that achieved the second ascent three days later. Carrel was in the group that became the first Europeans to reach the summit of Chimborazo in 1880. He died from exhaustion when guiding a party on the south side of the Matterhorn.

Carrel was born on 16 January 1829 in Valtournenche, in the Aosta Valley, a French-speaking Italian village which lies at the foot of the Matterhorn. He served in the Bersaglieri, a light infantry unit of the Piedmontese army. He resigned from the Bersaglieri to work as a hunter and mountain guide, but was recalled to duty in 1859 to defend Italy against Austria in the Second Italian War of Independence, for which he won a French medal for the Italian campaign.

Carrel first attempted to climb the Matterhorn's Lion Ridge in 1857—by which time the mountain was the tallest unclimbed peak in the Alps—with his uncle and Ame Gorret. In the early 1860s, Carrel made numerous attempts to climb the Matterhorn, often in the same party as Edward Whymper and John Tyndall, and at other times competing against them to reach the summit first. Carrel had agreed to accompany Whymper on his ascent of l'arête du Hörnli on the Swiss side in 1865, but withdrew at the last minute when he was recruited by Felice Giordano on behalf of the Italian Alpine Club to lead an Italian party up the Italian side at the same time, the arête du Lion (arête sud-ouest), a more difficult route than the one climbed by Whymper. Whymper's party reached the summit on 14 July 1865, marking the first ascent of the Matterhorn. Carrel and his Italian party successfully summited the Matterhorn three days later.

Whymper's party reached the summit on 14 July 1865, marking the first ascent of the Matterhorn. Carrel and his Italian party successfully summited the Matterhorn three days later.

Carrel died in August 1891 while guiding a party on the south side of the Matterhorn. After ensuring that his clients descended the mountain safely and easily in a severe storm, he collapsed from exhaustion and died on a rock at the mountain's base.


Some of Carrel’s ascents:
1857 - Jean-Antoine Carrel ci provò con Aimé Gorret, Jean Jacque Carrel. (Tete du Lion) - (L).

1858/59 - Jean-Antoine Carrel con Jean Jacque Carrel. (Grande Tour) - (L).

1861 - 29 agosto. Jean-Antoine Carrel con Jean Jacque Carrel. (Crete du Coq) - (L).

1862 – 9/10 luglio. Jean-Antoine Carrel con Edward Whymper, Reginald Macdonald, ..Pession. (Grande Tour) - (L).

1862 – 23/24 luglio. Jean-Antoine Carrel con Edward Whymper, Cesar Carrel, Luc Meynet.
(Crete du Coq) - (L).

1862 – 27/28 luglio. Jean-Antoine Carrel con John Tyndall, Johann Bennen, Joseph Bennen, Anton Walter, Cesar Carrel e un portatore. (Pic Tyndall Enjambée) - (L). (15° tentativo assoluto).

1863 – 10/11 agosto. Jean-Antoine Carrel con Edward Whymper, Cesar Carrel, Luc Meynet e 2 portatori.(Crete du Coq) - (L).

1865 – 10/14 luglio. Jean-Antoine Carrel con Jean Joseph Maquignaz, Cesar Carrel, Charles Gorret. - (Brèche) - (L).

1865 – 16/17 luglio. Jean-Antoine Carrel. - “Prima ascensione al Cervino dal versante italiano”. Con Amé Gorret, Jean-Baptiste Bich, Jean-Augustin Meynet.

1869 - 20 luglio. Jean Antoine Carrel, fu sulla Leone con Alphonse Payot, Michel Payot, James Eccles, e Jean Baptiste Bich.

1872 - 2 luglio. Thomas Stuard Kennedy con Jean-Antoine Carrel e Johann Fischer, salendo per lo Sperone delle Tournette aprirono la prima via sul versante Sud-Ovest del Monte Bianco e su questo lato è rimasta la più classica ed elegante, anche se un po' esposta alla caduta di pietre nella parte inferiore. Un tempo era molto frequentata quale via d'accesso italiana al Monte Bianco e questo giustificò anche la costruzione di un primo rifugio a quota 3107 m, dimostratosi ben presto insufficiente e sostituito (nel 1885) dall'attuale Capanna Quintino Sella, eretta poco più sopra. Dopo la scoperta nel 1890 (1 agosto) della più comoda e facile via per il Ghiacciaio del Dôme, questa per lo Sperone delle Tournette è stata trascurata ma rimane tuttora la via più seguita del versante Sud-Ovest. A volte viene indicata, erroneamente, come «via dei Rochers». Segue lo sperone in gran parte roccioso che dalle rocce della Tournette 4740 m. sulla Cresta delle Bosses si abbassa verso Sud-Ovest fino a immergersi a 3750 m nel Ghiacciaio del Monte Bianco. Dislivello dal ghiacciaio circa 1100 m. Difficoltà D-, II e passaggi di III grado. - Bianco - Versante del Miage - Gruppo del Monte Bianco - Massiccio del Monte Bianco.

1875 - 17 agosto. Jean Antoine Carrel, raggiunse la cresta del Leone con J. H. Pratt, Walter Leaf e Nicola Knubel.

1876 - 17 luglio. E. A. Martelli e R. Biscaretti con Jean-Antoine Carrel, Gratien Henry e F. Bich, aprono sul Col du Midi la via Martelli che parte nel canalone sotto la seraccata (Ovest), quindi piega a sinistra su roccia per uscire poco a Sud dell'attuale rifugio. Pericolosa. - Gruppo Mont Blanc du Tacul - Massiccio del Monte Bianco.

1877 – 13/14 agosto. Jean-Antoine Carrel fu nuovamente sulla Leone al Cervino con Quintino Sella, Alessandro Sella, Corradino Sella, Carlo Sella, Luigia Biraghi Dell’Oro, Ferdinand Imseng, Jean Baptiste Carrel, Jean Joseph Maquignaz, Victor Marquignaz e Louis Carrel.

1879 - 13 agosto. Jean-Antoine Carrel si cimentò ancora sulla Leone con C. E. Freeman, A. Sloman e Supersaxo Ambros.


The route climbed by Carrel: Matterhorn Arête du Lion (Arête Sud-Ouest):

[Click to View YouTube Video]
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